Neste trabalho é proposta uma adaptação do método de Mínimos Quadrados aplicado à reconstrução de imagens com Super-Resolução, visando a reconstrução de vídeo (sequências de imagens) em tempo real. Resultados demonstram que a implementação proposta pode apresentar um desempenho melhor que o algoritmo de menor custo computacional da literatura, com um pequeno incremento no número de operações. Por fim, a estrutura proposta sugere viabilidade de análise. De posse de um modelo teórico de comportamento, parâmetros ótimos de projeto podem ser obtidos melhorando ainda mais o desempenho do algoritmo. / In this work an adaptation of the Least Squares method applied to Super-Resolution image reconstruction is proposed aiming real time video (image sequences) reconstruction. Results demonstrate that the proposed implementation presents a better performance than the algorithm with the lower computational cost presented in the literature, considering a small increase in the number of operations. Finally, the proposed structure suggests feasibility of analysis. A theoretical model for the algorithm behavior can leads to an optimal parameters design yielding further improvements in the algorithm performance.

This study considers whether or not optimizing process metrics and settings across a supply chain gives significantly different outcomes than consideration at a firm level. While, the importance of supply chain integration has been shown in areas such as inventory management, this study appears to be the first empirical test for optimizing process settings. A Partial Least Squares (PLS) procedure is used to determine the crucial components and indicators that make up each component in a supply chain system. PLS allows supply chain members to have a greater understanding of critical coordination components in a given supply chain. Results and implications give an indication of what performance is possible with supply chain optimization versus local optimization on simulated and manufacturing data. It was found that pursuing an integrated approach over a traditional independent approach provides an improvement of 2% to 49% in predictive power for the supply chain under study.

The stability of inkjet print is influenced by a lot of factors. Mutual effects of these factors accelerate the print degradation. The surrounding environment in image stability plays an important role, when the prints degrade especially by the light. The degradation of inkjet prints is presented as a decrease of dye or multiple dyes. It is necessary to know the dye concentration for the dye decrease prediction in the time. This dissertation thesis deals with the study of kinetics and changes in electron and molecular structure of digital photography prints after accelerated ageing tests. The study of resistance of inkjet prints was realized on one type of media using three different sets of inks. Changes in printed colours were measured and evaluated in calibration (by PLS calibration and least squares method). On the basis of calibration the dye decrease prediction of real samples in receiving layer was evaluated. Changes in electron and molecular structure were analysed on KBr pellets by FTIR an UV-Vis spectroscopy.

We prove all randomized sampling methods produce outliers. Given a computable measure P over natural numbers or infinite binary sequences, there is no method that can produce an arbitrarily large sample such that all its members are typical of P. The second part of this dissertation describes a computationally inexpensive method to approximate Hilbertian distances. This method combines the semi-least squares inverse techinque with the canonical modern machine learning technique known as the kernel trick. In the task of distance approximation, our method was shown to be comparable in performance to a solution employing the Nystrom method. Using the kernel semi-least squares method, we developed and incorporated the Kernel-Subset-Tracker into the Camera Mouse, a video-based mouse replacement software for people with movement disabilities. The Kernel-Subset-Tracker is an exemplar-based method that uses a training set of representative images to produce online templates for positional tracking. Our experiments with test subjects show that augmenting the Camera Mouse with the Kernel-Subset-Tracker improves communication bandwidth statistically significantly.

The main objective of the VPI-CE control network. is to contribute to the Nation.al Geodetic Survey control network. In order to meet this objective, large amounts of survey data were accumulated at different times from various surveys between the years 1977-1980. Bach different set of survey data was reduced and adjusted by least squares independently creating various "sub" control networks that were connected to each other peace- . meal. When "sub" control networks were connected to each other, it was found that they did not meet the objective stated above. It is the purpose of this project to examine and check all survey data, adjust all data as one set to the NGS control network, and to evaluate the adjusted data to see if the survey meets second-order class II traverse specifications as established by the NGS. Included in this paper are the following: a background on NGS specifications; least squares theory including observation equations, and error theory; a description of how data for the project was accumulated and reduced; the adjustment of the reduced survey data; results and analysis of the adjustment; and conclusions and recommendations for the survey. / Master of Engineering

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Commerce (specialising in Marketing) / The twentieth-century dietary evolution has resulted in livestock being used as the primary source of protein in many countries. This has various implications on the wellbeing of humans, animals, and planet earth itself. The choices consumers make regarding food not only affect our personal health, but it also directly affects the wellbeing of our current ecosystems where modern meat production systems place a worrying burden on the environment. Sustainable consumption practice is often a result of two main driving forces, the first being individual or health (egoistic) motives and the second being animal welfare and environmental concern (altruistic) motives. The growing demand for meat products worldwide is unsustainable and there is a clear gap between our responsible intentions as citizens of the world and our hedonic needs as consumers referred to as the ‘Citizen-Consumer’ gap. Experts argue that technological innovations and more efficient production methods would serve as a future solution for the environmental and social implications of the livestock industry however current scholars emphasise that a technological fix will not be sufficient and that it is imperative for society to undertake a behavioural fix, such as lowering meat intake and discovering more sustainable means of protein consumption Consequently, the purpose of this study is to assess health consciousness, environmental concern and animal welfare as key predictors of consumers’ locus of control and attitudes towards meat consumption among university students, in Johannesburg, South Africa. The study used a design that was quantitative in nature, which resulted in the researcher employing a deductive approach, using a positivistic method. Data was collected by means of a survey questionnaire and was used to test the hypotheses. By means of Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the significance of the hypotheses statements was determined from a sample of 172 students enrolled at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. The findings generated by SmartPLS 3 statistical software revealed that health consciousness was the key predictor of external locus of control and that external locus of control had the most significant relationship with consumers’ attitude toward meat consumption, as compared to the second mediator variable – internal locus of control. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will contribute to both theory and practice in modern society, and it is trusted that the findings of this study will greatly inform future research endeavours. / NG (2020)

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Shuffled linear regression concerns itself with linear models with an unknown correspondence between the input and the output. This correspondence is usually represented by a permutation matrix II*. The model we are interested in has one more complication which is that the design matrix is itself latent and is observed with noise. This is considered as a type of errors-in-variables (EIV) model. Our interest lies in the recovery of the permutation matrix. We propose an estimator for II* based on the total least squares (TLS) technique, a common method of estimation used in EIV model. The estimation problem can be viewed as approximating one matrix by another of lower rank and the quantity it seeks to minimize is the sum of the smallest singular values squared. Due to identifiability issue, we evaluate the proposed estimator by the normalized Procrustes quadratic loss which allows for an orthogonal rotation of the estimated design matrix. Our main result provides an upper bound on this quantity which states that it is required that the signal-to-noise ratio to go to infinity in order for the loss to go to zero. On the computational front, since the problem of permutation recovery is NP-hard to solve, we propose a simple and efficient algorithm named alternating LAP/TLS algorithm (ALTA) to approximate the estimator, and we use it to empirically examine the main result. The main idea of the algorithm is to alternate between estimating the unknown coefficient matrix using the TLS method and estimating the latent permutation matrix by solving a linear assignment problem (LAP) which runs in polynomial time. Lastly, we propose a hypothesis testing procedure based on graph matching which we apply in the field of digital humanities, on character social networks constructed from novel series.

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