I will present the mean curvature flow in Euclidean spaces and the Lagrangian mean curvature flow. We will first study the mean curvature evolution of submanifolds in Euclidean spaces, with an emphasis on the case of hypersurfaces. Along the way we will demonstrate the basic techniques in the study of geometric flows in general (for example, various maximum principles and the treatment of singularities). After that we will move on to the study of Lagrangian mean curvature flows. We will make the relevant definitions and prove the fundamental result that the Lagrangian condition is preserved along the mean curvature flow in Kähler-Einstein manifolds, which started the extensive, and still ongoing, research on Lagrangian mean curvature flows. We will also define special Lagrangian submanifolds as calibrated submanifolds in Calabi-Yau manifolds. Finally, we will study the mean curvature flow of conormal bundles as submanifolds of C^n. Using some tools developed recently, we will show that if a surface has strictly negative curvatures, then away from the zero section, the Lagrangian mean curvature flow starting from a conormal bundle does not develop Type I singularities.

In this thesis we study singularity formation in two basic nonlinear equations in $n$ dimensions: nonlinear heat equation (also known as reaction-diffusion equation) and mean curvature flow equation. For the nonlinear heat equation, we show that for an important or natural open set of initial conditions the solution will blowup in finite time. We also characterize the blowup profile near blowup time. For the mean curvature flow we show that for an initial surface sufficiently close, in the Sobolev norm with the index greater than $\frac{n}{2} + 1$, to the standard n-dimensional sphere, the solution collapses in a finite time $t_*$, to a point. We also show that as $t\rightarrow t_*$, it looks like a sphere of radius $\sqrt{2n(t_*-t)}$.

In this thesis we study singularity formation in two basic nonlinear equations in $n$ dimensions: nonlinear heat equation (also known as reaction-diffusion equation) and mean curvature flow equation. For the nonlinear heat equation, we show that for an important or natural open set of initial conditions the solution will blowup in finite time. We also characterize the blowup profile near blowup time. For the mean curvature flow we show that for an initial surface sufficiently close, in the Sobolev norm with the index greater than $\frac{n}{2} + 1$, to the standard n-dimensional sphere, the solution collapses in a finite time $t_*$, to a point. We also show that as $t\rightarrow t_*$, it looks like a sphere of radius $\sqrt{2n(t_*-t)}$.

I will present the mean curvature flow in Euclidean spaces and the Lagrangian mean curvature flow. We will first study the mean curvature evolution of submanifolds in Euclidean spaces, with an emphasis on the case of hypersurfaces. Along the way we will demonstrate the basic techniques in the study of geometric flows in general (for example, various maximum principles and the treatment of singularities). After that we will move on to the study of Lagrangian mean curvature flows. We will make the relevant definitions and prove the fundamental result that the Lagrangian condition is preserved along the mean curvature flow in Kähler-Einstein manifolds, which started the extensive, and still ongoing, research on Lagrangian mean curvature flows. We will also define special Lagrangian submanifolds as calibrated submanifolds in Calabi-Yau manifolds. Finally, we will study the mean curvature flow of conormal bundles as submanifolds of C^n. Using some tools developed recently, we will show that if a surface has strictly negative curvatures, then away from the zero section, the Lagrangian mean curvature flow starting from a conormal bundle does not develop Type I singularities.

No description available.

We adress an obstacle problem for (graphical) mean curvature flow with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Using (an adapted form of) the standard implicit time-discretization scheme we derive the existence of distributional solutions satisfying an appropriate variational inequality. Uniqueness of this flow and asymptotic convergence towards the stationary solution is proven.

In this study we provide a new proof of C¹,α boundary regularity for finite perimeter sets with flat boundary which are local minimizers of a variational mean curvature formula. Our proof is provided for curvature term H∈LΩ. The proof is a generalization of Cafarelli and C#243;rdoba's method, and combines techniques from geometric measure theory and the theory of viscosity solutions which have been developed in the last 50 years. We rely on the delicate interplay between the global nature of sets which are variational minimizers of a given functional, and the pointwise local nature of comparison surfaces which satisfy certain PDE. As a heuristic, in our proof we can consider the curvature as an error term which is estimated and controlled at each point of the calculation.

O objetivo desta dissertaÃÃo à apresentar um resultado similar ao Teorema de Bernstein sobre hipersuperfÃcies mÃnimas no espaÃo euclidiano, isto Ã, mostrar que tal resultado se generaliza para hipersuperfÃcies de Sn+1 com curvatura mÃdia constante, cuja aplicaÃÃo de Gauss estÃcontida em um hemis- fÃrio fechado de Sn+1 (Teorema 3.1). PorÃm, no caso em que a hipersuperfÃcie à mÃnima, utilizaremos na demonstraÃÃo deste teorema, um resultado sobre caracterizaÃÃo das hiperesferas de Sn+1 entre todas hipersuperfÃcies de Sn+1 em termos de suas imagens de Gauss (Teorema 2.1). / The objective of this dissertation is to show a similar result of Bernstein theorem about minimal hypersurfaces in Euclidian space, that is, to show that that result is generalized to hypersurfaces of Sn+1 with constant mean curvature, whose Gauss image is contained in a closed hemisphere of Sn+1(Theorem 3.1). However, in the case where the hypersurface is minimal, we will use in the proof of this theorem a result about the characterization of the hyperspheres of Sn+1 among all complete hypersurfaces in Sn+1 in terms of their Gauss images (Theorem 2.1)

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Neste trabalho estudaremos o Ãndice de hipersuperfÃcies mÃnimas e de curvatura mÃdia constante imersas na esfera Euclidiana Sn+1. Mais precisamente, definiremos o operador de Jacobi de hipersuperfÃcies mÃnimas e de curvatura mÃdia constante usando as fÃrmulas de variaÃÃo de Ãrea, e em seguida estabeleceremos estimativas por baixo para o Ãndice de hipersuperfÃcies mÃnimas imersas em Sn+1 . AlÃm disso, caracterizaremos os toros de Clifford mÃnimos como as hipersuperfÃcies compactas, orientÃveis e mÃnimas em Sn+1 tais que a = -2n, onde a à o primeiro autovalor do operador de Jacobi. Mostraremos que as esferas totalmente umbÃlicas Sn (r) em Sn+1, com 0 < r < 1, sÃo as hipersuperfÃcies fracamente estÃveis em Sn+1. Por Ãltimo, estabeleceremos estimativas por baixo para o Ãndice fraco de hipersuperfÃcies de curvatura mÃdia constante em Sn+1 e caracterizaremos os toros de Clifford Sk (r) x Sn-k (1 - r2) de curvatura mÃdia constante como as hipersuperfÃcies de curvatura mÃdia constante tais que o Ãndice fraco à igual a n + 2, onde (k/n + 2 ) &#8804; r &#8804; (k + 2/n + 2) Â. / The aim of this work is to study the index either of compact minimal or constant mean curvature hypersurfaces immersed into the Euclidean unit sphere Sn+1. The main ingredient to do that is the Jacobi operator which appears on the second formula of variation of area. On the minimal case we shall present low estimative for the index and we shall show that the minimal Clifford tori are the unique minimal hypersurfaces over which a = -2n , where a stands for the first eigenvalue of the Jacobi operator. Moreover, it is easy to see that totally umbilical sphere Sn (r) em Sn+1 , with 0 < r < 1, are weakly stable. Finally we shall show that the index is bigger that or equal to n+2 for compact constant mean curvature hypersurfaces of Sn+1 provides they have constant scalar curvature. Moreover , Clifford tori Sk (r) x Sn-k (1 - r2) attain such index provided (k/n + 2 ) &#8804; r &#8804; (k + 2/n + 2) Â.

O presente trabalho apresenta resultados objetivando classificar folheaÃÃes de codimensÃo 1 em variedades Riemannianas cujas folhas tem curvatura mÃdia constante. O principal resultado à o teorema de Barbosa-Kenmotsu-Oshikiri([3]), Teorema: Seja M uma variedade Riemanniana compacta com curvatura de Ricci nÃo negativa e F um folheaÃÃo de codimensÃo 1 e classe C3 de M, transversalmente orientÃvel, cujas folhas tem curvatura mÃdia constante. EntÃo, qualquer folha de F à uma subvariedade totalmente geodÃsica de M. AlÃm disso, M à localmente um produto Riemanniano de uma folha de F e uma curva normal e a curvatura de Ricci na direÃÃo normal Ãs folhas à zero. O resultado anterior nÃo pode ser estendido para o caso onde M à nÃo compacta. Uma folheaÃÃo contra-exemplo pode ser construÃda a partir de uma funÃÃo f que nÃo satisfaz a conjectura de Bernstein. No final, sÃo apresentados resultados recentes sobre os problemas abordados e uma prova da desigualdade de Heinz-Chern / In this paper, we work showing results aiming classify foliations of codimension-one in Riemannian manifolds whose leaves have constant mean curvature. The main result is the theorem by Barbosa-Kenmotsu-Oshikiri([3]). Theorem: LetM be a compact Riemannian manifold with nonnegative Ricci curvature e F, a codimensiononeC3-foliation of M whose leaves have constant mean curvature. The any leaf of F is totally geodesic submanifold of M. Futhermore M is locally a Riemannian product of a leaf of F and a normal curve,and the Ricci curvature in the direction normal to the leaves is zero. The previous result can not be extended for the case where M is not compact. A foliation counterexample can be built from a function f that does not satisfy the Bernsteinâs conjecture. At the end, they are present recent results about the boarded problems and a proof of the Heinz-Chern inequality.