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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

[pt] SUPERFÍCIES DE CURVATURA MEDIA CONSTANTE EM VARIEDADES HOMOGÉNEAS DE DIMENSÃO 3 COM ENFÂSE EM GPSL2(R, Τ) / [en] SURFACES OF CONSTANT MEAN CURVATURE IN HOMOGENEOUS THREE MANIFOLDS WITH EMPHASIS IN GPSL2(R, Τ )

CARLOS DIOSDADO ESPINOZA PENAFIEL 01 September 2010 (has links)
[pt] Nesta teses, nós estudamos H-superfícies, isto é, superfícies tendo curvatura media constante, imersas em variedades homogêneas simplesmente conexas de dimensão 3. Nós focamos nossa atenção no estudo de existência de H multigráficos. Também estudamos a H-superfícies invariantes por um grupo a um parâmetro de isometrias que estão imersas no espaço PSL(2) (R, T). / [en] In this thesis we study H-surfaces, that is, surfaces having constant mean curvature, immersed in homogeneous simply connected 3-manifold. We focus our attention in the study of existence of H multigraphs. We also study the H-surfaces invariant by one-parameter group of isometries which are immersed in the space]PSL2(R, T).
32

Hipersuperficies completas com curvatura de Gauss-Kronecker nula em esferas / Complete hypersurfaces with constant mean curvature and zero Gauss-Kronecker curvature in spheres.

Zapata, Juan Fernando Zapata 05 September 2013 (has links)
Neste trabalho mostramos que hipersuperfícies completas da esfera Euclidiana S^4, com curvatura média constante e curvatura de Gauss-Kronecker nula são mínimas, sempre que o quadrado da norma da segunda forma fundamental for limitado superiormente. Além disso apresentamos uma descrisão local das hipersuperfícies mínimas e completas em S^5 com curvatura de Gauss- Kronecker nula e algumas hipóteses adicionais sobre as funções simétricas das curvaturas principais. / In this work we show that a complete hipersurface of the unitary sphere S^4, with constant mean curvature and zero Gauss-Kronecker curvature must be minimal, if the squared norm of the second fundamental form is bounded from above. Also, we present a local description for complete minimal hipersurfaces in S^5 with zero Gauss-Kronecker curvature, and some restrictions for the symmetric functions of the principal curvatures.
33

Hipersuperficies completas com curvatura de Gauss-Kronecker nula em esferas / Complete hypersurfaces with constant mean curvature and zero Gauss-Kronecker curvature in spheres.

Juan Fernando Zapata Zapata 05 September 2013 (has links)
Neste trabalho mostramos que hipersuperfícies completas da esfera Euclidiana S^4, com curvatura média constante e curvatura de Gauss-Kronecker nula são mínimas, sempre que o quadrado da norma da segunda forma fundamental for limitado superiormente. Além disso apresentamos uma descrisão local das hipersuperfícies mínimas e completas em S^5 com curvatura de Gauss- Kronecker nula e algumas hipóteses adicionais sobre as funções simétricas das curvaturas principais. / In this work we show that a complete hipersurface of the unitary sphere S^4, with constant mean curvature and zero Gauss-Kronecker curvature must be minimal, if the squared norm of the second fundamental form is bounded from above. Also, we present a local description for complete minimal hipersurfaces in S^5 with zero Gauss-Kronecker curvature, and some restrictions for the symmetric functions of the principal curvatures.
34

Uma caracterização das superfícies de delaunay

Bezerra, Geziel Damasceno 31 December 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:16:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Geziel Damasceno.pdf: 743020 bytes, checksum: 0001ac62bcb357c87e266dd4d0de7a3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-31 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Admits that in a complete surface, connected and oriented immersed in R3 with non-zero constant mean curvature, there is a geodesic triangle whose interior angles satisfy a relationship involving the integral mean curvature and the angle formed by unit vector parallel to a coordinate axis of either R3 and the unit vector normal to the surface, and in such cases shows that the immersion is a surface of revolution, ie, a surface Delaunay. Then give a characterization of the sphere is changing some hypotheses on the previous result. / Admite-se que, numa superfície completa, conexa e orientada imersa no espaço euclidiano tri-dimensional com curvatura média constante não nula, existe um triângulo geodésico cujos ângulos internos satisfazem uma relação integral envolvendo a curvatura média e o ângulo formado pelo vetor unitário paralelo a um eixo coordenado qualquer do espaço ambiente e o vetor unitário normal a superfície, e sob tais hipóteses mostra-se que a imersão é uma superfície de revolução, ou seja, uma superfície de Delaunay. Em seguida darse uma caracterização da esfera alterando-se algumas hipóteses no resultado anterior.
35

Uniformly Area Expanding Flows in Spacetimes

Xu, Hangjun January 2014 (has links)
<p>The central object of study of this thesis is inverse mean curvature vector flow of two-dimensional surfaces in four-dimensional spacetimes. Being a system of forward-backward parabolic PDEs, inverse mean curvature vector flow equation lacks a general existence theory. Our main contribution is proving that there exist infinitely many spacetimes, not necessarily spherically symmetric or static, that admit smooth global solutions to inverse mean curvature vector flow. Prior to our work, such solutions were only known in spherically symmetric and static spacetimes. The technique used in this thesis might be important to prove the Spacetime Penrose Conjecture, which remains open today. </p><p>Given a spacetime $(N^{4}, \gbar)$ and a spacelike hypersurface $M$. For any closed surface $\Sigma$ embedded in $M$ satisfying some natural conditions, one can ``steer'' the spacetime metric $\gbar$ such that the mean curvature vector field of $\Sigma$ becomes tangential to $M$ while keeping the induced metric on $M$. This can be used to construct more examples of smooth solutions to inverse mean curvature vector flow from smooth solutions to inverse mean curvature flow in a spacelike hypersurface.</p> / Dissertation
36

Symplectic Topology and Geometric Quantum Mechanics

January 2011 (has links)
abstract: The theory of geometric quantum mechanics describes a quantum system as a Hamiltonian dynamical system, with a projective Hilbert space regarded as the phase space. This thesis extends the theory by including some aspects of the symplectic topology of the quantum phase space. It is shown that the quantum mechanical uncertainty principle is a special case of an inequality from J-holomorphic map theory, that is, J-holomorphic curves minimize the difference between the quantum covariance matrix determinant and a symplectic area. An immediate consequence is that a minimal determinant is a topological invariant, within a fixed homology class of the curve. Various choices of quantum operators are studied with reference to the implications of the J-holomorphic condition. The mean curvature vector field and Maslov class are calculated for a lagrangian torus of an integrable quantum system. The mean curvature one-form is simply related to the canonical connection which determines the geometric phases and polarization linear response. Adiabatic deformations of a quantum system are analyzed in terms of vector bundle classifying maps and related to the mean curvature flow of quantum states. The dielectric response function for a periodic solid is calculated to be the curvature of a connection on a vector bundle. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Mathematics 2011
37

Caracterizações da esfera em formas espaciais / Characterizations of the sphere in space forms.

Pinto, Victor Gomes 06 July 2017 (has links)
PINTO, V. G. Caracterizações da esfera em formas espaciais. 2017. 79 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Matemática) – Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2017. / Submitted by Andrea Dantas (pgmat@mat.ufc.br) on 2017-07-20T20:40:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_vgpinto.pdf: 1180135 bytes, checksum: f3aa196ed8b0d38c5a2a33642fdb7d0b (MD5) / Rejected by Rocilda Sales (rocilda@ufc.br), reason: Bom dia Andrea, Favor informar ao aluno os motivos da rejeição. Faltou a conclusão (item obrigatório) E as referências não estão normalizadas. Seguem os modelos ARTIGOS DE PERIÓDICOS: ALENCAR, H. ; COLARES, A. G. - Integral formulas for the r-mean curvature linearized operator of a hypersurface. Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry, v. 16, p. 203-220, 1998. OBS: o TÍTULO DO PERIÓDICO DEVE FICAR EM NEGRITO OU ITÁLICO. LIVROS: CARMO, M. P. do. Geometria riemanniana. Rio de Janeiro : IMPA, 2008.( Projeto Euclides) OBS: O TÍTULO DO LIVRO DEVE FICAR EM NEGRITO OU ITÁLICO DISSERTAÇÕES: PINHEIRO, N. R. Hipersuperfíıcies com curvatura média constante e hiperplanos. Ano. Nº de folhas. Dissertação ( Mestrado) em nome do curso, local, ano. OBS: o TÍTULO DA DISSERTAÇÃO DEVE FICAR EM NEGRITO OU ITÁLICO Rocilda on 2017-07-21T11:38:59Z (GMT) / Submitted by Andrea Dantas (pgmat@mat.ufc.br) on 2017-07-21T18:48:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_vgpinto.pdf: 1184804 bytes, checksum: 357d2ee050e65edb2839093ba455b0db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rocilda Sales (rocilda@ufc.br) on 2017-07-24T15:34:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_vgpinto.pdf: 1184804 bytes, checksum: 357d2ee050e65edb2839093ba455b0db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-24T15:34:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_vgpinto.pdf: 1184804 bytes, checksum: 357d2ee050e65edb2839093ba455b0db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-06 / In this work we present three characterizations of the sphere. Initially, it will be shown that given a compact and oriented hypersurface Mn e x: M → Q^(n+1)_c a isometric immersion, x(M) is a geodesic sphere in Q^n+1_c if, and only if, Hr+1 is a nonzero constant and the set of points that are omitted in Qn+1 c by the totally geodesic hypersurfaces (Q^n_c)p tangent to x(M) is non-empty. As a second result, let M be an orientable compact and connected hypersurface with non-negative support function of the Euclidean space Rn+1 and Minkowski's integrand . We prove that the mean curvature function of the hypersurface M is the solution of the Poisson equation = if, and only if, M is isometric to the n-sphere Sn(c) of constant curvature c. similar characterization is proved for a hypersurface with the scalar curvature satisfying the same equation. For the third result we consider an isometric immersion x : M ! Qn+1, where M is a compact hypersurface such that x(M) is convex, and it will be proved that if any r-mean curvature is such that Hr 6= 0 and there are nonnegative constants C1;C2; :::;Cr1 such that Hr = Pr1 i=1 CiHi; then x(M) is a geodesic sphere, where Qn+1 is Rn+1, Hn+1 or Sn+1 + . / Neste trabalho serão apresentadas três caracterizações da esfera. Primeiramente, será mostrado que dada uma hipersuperfície compacta e orientada Mn e x: M → Q^(n+1)_c uma imersão isométrica, onde Q^n+1_c é uma forma espacial simplesmente conexa, isto é, uma variedade Riemanniana de curvatura seccional constante c, x(M) é uma esfera geodésica em Q^n+1_c se, e somente se, a (r + 1)-ésima curvatura média Hr+1 é uma constante não nula e o conjunto dos pontos que são omitidos em Q^n+1_c pelas hipersuperfícies totalmente geodésicas (Q^n_c)p tangentes a x(M) é não vazio. Como segundo resultado, seja uma hipersuperfície compacta, conexa e orientável M do espaço euclidiano R^(n+1), com função suporte não negativa e integrando de Minkowski σ. Será provado que a função curvatura média α da hipersuperfície é solução da equação de Poisson Δϕ = σ se, e somente se, M é isométrica à n-esfera S^n(c) de curvatura média c. Uma caracterização similar é provada para uma hipersuperfície com a curvatura escalar satisfazendo a mesma equação. Para o terceiro resultado é considerado uma imersão isométrica x: M → Q^(n+1), onde M é uma hipersuperfície compacta tal que x(M) é convexa, e será provado que, se alguma curvatura r-média é tal que Hr ≠ 0 e existem constantes não negativas C1, C2, ..., Cr-1 tais que Hr =∑_(i=1)^(r-1)▒〖C_i H_i 〗 ; então x(M) é uma esfera geodésica, onde Q^(n+1) é R^(n+1), H^(n+1) ou S^(n+1)_+ .
38

Construction de solutions pour les équations de contraintes en relativité générale et remarques sur le théorème de la masse positive / Construction of solutions to the Einstein constrainit equations in general relativity and comments on the positive mass theorem

Nguyen, The-Cang 11 December 2015 (has links)
Dans cette thèse nous étudions deux problèmes issus de la relativité générale : la construction de données initiales pour le problème de Cauchy des équations d’Einstein et le théorème de la masse positive. Nous construisons tout d’abord des données initiales en utilisant la méthode dite conforme introduite par Lichnerowicz [Lichnerowicz, 1944], Y. Choquet-Bruhat–J. York [Choquet-Bruhat et York, 1980] et Y. Choquet-Bruhat–J. Isenberg– D. Pollack [Choquet-Bruhat et al., 2007a]. Plus particulièrement, nous étudions les équations –de contrainte conforme– qui apparaissent dans cette méthode sur des variétés riemanniennes compactes de dimension n > 3. Dans cette thèse, nous donnons une preuve simplifiée du résultat de [Dahl et al., 2012], puis nous étendons et nous généralisons les théorèmes de M. Holst–G. Nagy–G. Tsogtgerel [Holst et al., 2009] et de D. Maxwell [Maxwell, 2009] dans le cas de données initiales à courbure moyenne fortement nonconstante. Nous donnons au passage un point de vue unifié sur ces résultats. En parallèle, nous donnons des résultats de non-existence et de non-unicité pour les équations de la méthode conforme sous certaines hypothèses. / The aim of this thesis is the study of two topical issues arising from general relativity: finding initial data for the Cauchy problem with respect to the Einstein equations and the positive mass theorem. For the first issue, in the context of the conformal method introduced by Lichnerowicz [Lichnerowicz, 1944], Y. Choquet-Bruhat–J. York [Choquet-Bruhat et York, 1980] and Y. Choquet-Bruhat–J. Isenberg–D. Pollack [Choquet-Bruhat et al., 2007a], we consider the conformal constraint equations on compact Riemannian manifolds of dimension n > 3. In this thesis, we simplify the proof of [Dahl et al., 2012, Theorem 1.1], extend and sharpen the far-from CMC result proven by Holst– Nagy–Tsogtgerel [Holst et al., 2009], Maxwell [Maxwell, 2009] and give an unifying viewpoint of these results. Besides discussing the solvability of the conformal constraint equations, we will also show nonexistence and nonuniqueness results for solutions to the conformal constraint equations under certain assumptions.
39

Problema exterior de Dirichlet para a equação das superfícies de curvatura média constante no espaço hiperbólico

Nunes, Adilson da Silva January 2017 (has links)
Neste trabalho mostramos que dado um domínio exterior de classe C0 contido em uma superfície umb lica de H3; com curvatura média constante H 2 [0; 1); existe uma família de gracos de Killing com curvatura média constante H: O bordo de cada um destes gracos está contido nesta superfície umbílica e a norma do gradiente da função no bordo pode ser prescrita por um certo valor s 0. / In this paper we show that given an exterior domain of class C0 contained in an umbilical surface of H3; with constant mean curvature H 2 [0; 1); there exists a family of Killing graphs with constant mean curvature H: The boundary of each of these graphs is contained in this umbilical surface and the norm of the gradient of the function in the boundary can be prescribed by a certain value s 0:
40

Teoremas de semiespaço para superfícies mínimas

Silva, Sylvia Ferreira da 20 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by ANA KARLA PEREIRA RODRIGUES (anakarla_@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-01T13:15:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 612605 bytes, checksum: 21376fa219dbfadac44b0c5d02d91cd3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-09-01T15:55:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 612605 bytes, checksum: 21376fa219dbfadac44b0c5d02d91cd3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-01T15:55:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 612605 bytes, checksum: 21376fa219dbfadac44b0c5d02d91cd3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-20 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / In this work we detail the results submitted by Ho man and Meeks in \The strong half-space theorem for minimal surfaces". The rst results are half-space theorems for minimal surfaces in R3 which have been generalized for other ambients, as have been done by Daniel, B./ Hauswirth, L., e Daniel, B./ Meeks, W. H. III. The third and last one result, caracterize convex hull in n- dimensional Euclidean spaces. / Neste trabalho detalhamos os resultados apresentados por William H. Meeks e David A. Ho man em \The strong half-space theorem for minimal surfaces", . Os primeiros resultados s~ao teoremas de semiespa co para superf cies m nimas no R3, os quais tem sido generalizados para outros ambientes como foi feito por Daniel, B./ Hauswirth, L., e Daniel, B./ Meeks, W. H. III. O terceiro e ultimo resultado, caracteriza fechos convexos no espa co euclidiano n-dimensional.

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