Separation Mitt projekt rör sig kring temat separation, separation av funktioner, separation i fysisk bemärkelse och separation av människor. Jag spenderade mycket tid åt att undersöka kreamtoriet som anläggning, dess programdelar och platsen som vi fått till förfogande. Hela tiden rörde sig undersökningen tillbaka till separation, krematoriets funktionsseparering, åtskillnaden av industri och ceremoni. Jag valde att använda detta som en språngbräda för projektet. Krematoriet är som byggnad tydligt indelad i olika funktioner som försöker distansiera sig från varandra, den industriella och den ceremoniella, men även den del av programmet som berör personalen då de inte är i arbete. Tre olika funktioner som drar i olika riktningar, så jag började fundera över om jag ville arbeta för att överbrygga eller förstärka denna separation och hur detta skulle kunna representeras fysiskt fysiskt genom en byggnad. Tidigt i den undersökningen insåg jag att det var förstärknigen av det rådande förhållandet mellan funktionerna och rummen som jag ville arbeta med. När jag sedan började arbeta med formen började jag därför med att dela upp programmet i tre olika volymer och försökte få dem att förhålla sig till varandra utan att förenas till en helhet. Av praktiska skäl (för personalen) så valde jag istället att försöka få in tydligt separerade funktioner i en dammanhängade byggnad. Här kom ideén att använda mig av ett förvrängt gridsystem för att generera spännande former ch samtidigt uppfylla min strävan efter rum som fysiskt ger sken av att försöka separera sig från varandra. Resultatet är mitt krematorium, som bygger på ett rutnät på1500x1500mm soms edan har manipulerats genom att jag dragit de trte huvudfunktionerna i olika riktning. att komma fram till en metod för att förvränga gridet på ett sätt som inte blev helt och hållet godtyckligt var en lång process. Först ville jag att sträckan mellan punkterna i gridet skulle vara konstant och att bara mötespunkterna skulle förändras. Jag testade detta i modell, med ett intressant resultat men när jag sedan försökte mig på samma sak digitalt så visade det sig ganska snabbt att det fanns mycket begränsade möjligheter. Så jag valde slutligen att låta sträckan mellan punkterna vara flexibla och behandla gridet genom att låta punkterna flyttas utefter ett förutbestämt mönster. Då min byggnad är så tydligt format av det förvrängda gridet så ville jag visa upp det även för besökaren och då det hade varit omöjligt att låta alla punkter bli pelare av användningstekniska skäl så fick vissa punkter bli pelare, andra rumsskapande Byggnadens struktur består både av bärande väggar och pelare som är utplacerade enligt det bestämda gridet. Materialen som används i strukturen är i huvudsak massivträ, förutom i källarplanet och i de väggar om omsluter ugnshallen. Innerväggarna är obeklädda och materialet på interiören är därmed samma som i strukturen. Förutom de bärande pelarna återfinns även en mängd tunnare pelare som finns till enbart för atmosfärens skull. hela projektet är en process & en undersökning av hur man kan arbeta med gridsystem och hur man arbetar med och överbrygger de begränsningar som ett bestämt systen medför. En undersökning i att sätta upp striktearegler för sig själv och att sedan våga ta steget att bryta dem när man måste. / Separation This project follows a theme of separation, separation of functions, fysical separation and separation of people. A Chrematory is in its nature in a constant state of conflict, very different and complicated functions forced together into the same building, functions wich are trying to move in away from each other, trying to separate. There are basically three different parts of the chrematory, the industrial side, the part for the family an friends of the diseaced and the parts for the employes. All with verya specific demands and different atmospheres. I Wanted to enhance this state of separation between the functions but still keep them in the same building and i came up with a strategi to make that possible. I was going to use a distorted grid system to let the separation show in the built form. The project became a study of grids, how you can distort them in diferent ways and how you can use them to create different atmospheres and interesting forms. But also a study of how to make strict rules for yourself, how to keep them, and work with the difficulties you face when you have these rules to follow. And last but not least how to learn how to break your own rules when they have to be broken.

I dagens samhälle finns det mer data än någonsin och datavisualisering har blivit en viktig del, ett vanligt sätt att visualisera data på är i tabeller. I uppsatsen kommer det undersökas om det går att implementera en tabell från biblioteket AG-Grid i en befintlig applikation och vilka funktioner som kan implementeras med gratisversionen av biblioteket AG-Grid. Detta gjordes genom att skapa tre nya sidor i en befintlig webbapplikation och testa att implementera tabeller från biblioteket AG-Grid i dem med olika funktioner. Resultatet av testerna visar att det är möjligt att implementera biblioteket AG-Grid i ett befintligt system och att få de önskade funktionerna för tabellerna, men för en del funktioner krävs egna lösningar i gratisversionen. / In today’s society there is more data than ever before and data visualization has become an important part, a common way of visualizing data is in tables. In the essay it will be researched whether it is possible to implement a table from the library AG-Grid in an existing application and which functions it can have in the free version of the library AG-Grid. This was done by creating three new pages in an existing web application and trying to implement tables from the library AG-Grid with different functions. The results of the tests show that it is possible to implement the library AG-Grid in an existing application and get the desired functions for the tables, but for some functions own solutions are required in the free version.

Purpose: To investigate reasons for patients not proceeding to resective epilepsy surgery after subdural grid evaluation (SDE). To correlate noninvasive investigation results with invasive EEG observations in a set of patients with nonlesional brain MRIs. Methods: Retrospective study of adult epilepsy patients undergoing SDE during an 8-year period at Cleveland Clinic. Construction of semiquantitative "scores" and Bayesian predictors summarizing the localizing value and concordance between noninvasive parameters in a subset with nonlesional MRIs. Results: One hundred forty patients underwent SDE, 25 of whom were subsequently denied resective surgery. In 10 of 25, this was caused by a nonlocalizing subdural ictal EEG onset. Eight of 10 such patients were nonlesional on MRI. Among all nonlesional patients (n = 34 of 140), n 1 = 10 of 34 patients had nonlocalizing and n2 = 24 of 34 had localizing, subdural ictal onsets. As groups, n1 and n 2 were statistically disjoint relative to their noninvasive scores. Bayesian measures predictive of focal invasive ictal EEG were highest for complete concordance of noninvasive parameters, decreasing with lesser degrees of concordance. A localizing scalp interictal EEG was a particularly good Bayesian prognosticator. Conclusions: A small but significant proportion of SDE patients are denied subsequent therapeutic resective surgery. This is due to several reasons, including a nonlocalizing intracranial ictal EEG. The majority of such patients have nonlesional MRIs. The noninvasive data may be summarized by a semiquantitative score, as well as Bayesian likelihood ratios, which correlate with subsequent invasive outcome. This approach may find use in the selection and counseling of potential surgical candidates offered SDE.

Recently, there has been an increase in the deployment of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) which has enabled real time, wide area monitoring of power systems. PMUs can synchronously measure operating parameters across the grid at typically 30 samples per second, compared to 1 sample per 2-5 seconds of a conventional Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. Such an explosion of data in power systems has provided an opportunity to make electrical grids more reliable. Additionally, it has brought a challenge to extract information from the massive amount of data. In this research, several data mining algorithms are used to extract information from synchrophasor data for improving situational awareness of power systems. The extracted information can be used for event detection, for reducing the dimension of data without losing information, and also to use it as heuristic to process future measurements. The methods proposed in this research work can be broadly classified into two parts: a) stream mining and b) dimension reduction. Stream mining algorithms provide solution utilizing state-of-the-art data stream mining algorithms such as Hoeffding Trees (HT). HT algorithm builds a decision tree by scanning the incoming data stream only once. The tree itself holds sufficient statistics in its leaves to grow the tree and also to make classification decisions of incoming data. Instead of using a large number of samples, which leads to a tree too large to accommodate in memory, the number of samples that are needed to split at each node is determined using Hoeffding bound (HB). HB keeps the size of the decision tree within bounds while also maintaining accuracies statistically competitive to traditional decision trees. Dimension reduction algorithms reduce dimension of the synchrophasor data by extracting maximum information from a huge data set without losing information. In this dissertation, both online and offline dimension reduction algorithms have been studied. The online dimension reduction uses an unsupervised method using principal components of the time series data. The offline method optimizes unique mutual information between the state of the power system and synchrophasor measurements. It optimizes the criteria by reducing redundant information while maximizing relevant information.

Wire-grid polarizers (WGPs) offer superior extinction, durability, angle of incidence, and heat resistance when compared to traditional organic polarizers. WGPs are found in applications such as high lumen lighting, laser devices, high lumen digital cinema projectors, LED packaging, and other integrated optical applications and are driving the need for over-coatings. Over-coating a WGP has been found to increase lifetime and durability. This research provides lifetime data on coated and uncoated WGPs. WGPs over-coated with 100nm of SiO2, 300nm of MgF2, and with no over-coating were heated to temperatures of 450 ºC, 500 ºC, and 550 ºC and timed until they reached a predetermined optical failure point. The activation energies were calculated by applying the Arrhenius model to the failure data. WGPs with no over-coating were found to have an activation energy ≥ 1.5329 eV, with silicon dioxide an activation energy ≥ 1.7197 eV, and with magnesium fluoride an activation energy ≥ 2.4577 eV. It has been shown that coating a WGP with an over-coating of silicon dioxide or magnesium fluoride slows the oxidation process of the aluminum nano-wires, thus increasing the lifetime of the WGP by 208% and 27,904%, respectively. Parasitic chemical reactions were not found to exist with silicon dioxide or magnesium fluoride when used as an over-coating.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University.

Recent technological developments have led to significant changes in the power grid. Increasing consumption, widespread adoption of Distributed Energy Resources (DER), installation of smart meters, these are some of the many factors that characterize the changing distribution network. These transformations taking place at the edge of the grid call for improved planning and operation practices. In this context, this thesis aims to improve the grid edge functionality by putting forth a method to address the problem of high demand during peak period by identifying customer groups for participation in demand response programs, which can lead to significant peak shaving for the utility. A possible demand response strategy for peak shaving makes use of Photovoltaic (PV) and Battery energy storage system (BESS). In the process, this work also examines the approach to computation of hosting capacity (HC) for small PV and quantifies the difference obtained in HC when a detailed Low voltage (LV) network is available and included in HC studies. Most PV hosting studies assess the impact on system feeders with aggregated LV loads. However, as more residential customers adopt rooftop solar, the need to include secondary network models in the analysis is studied by performing a comparative study of hosting capacity for a feeder with varying loading information available. / Master of Science / Today, with significant technological advancements, as we proceed towards a modern grid, a mere change in physical infrastructure will not be enough. With the changes in kinds of equipment installed on the grid, a wave of transformation has also begun to flow in the planning and operation practices for a smarter grid. Today, the edge of the grid where the customer is interfaced to the power system has become extremely complex. Customers can use rooftop solar PV to generate their own electricity, they are more informed about their consumption behavior due to installation of smart meters and also have options to integrate other technology like battery energy storage system and electric vehicles. Like with any good technology, adoption of these advancements in the system brings with itself a greater need for reform in operation and planning of the system. For instance, increasing installation of rooftop solar at the customer end calls for review of existing methods that determine the maximum level of PV deployment possible in the network without violating the operating conditions. So, in this work, a comparative study is done to review the PV hosting capacity of a network with varying levels of information available. And the importance of utilities to have secondary network models available is emphasized. With PV deployed in the system, enhanced demand response strategies can be formulated by utilities to tackle high demand during peak period. In a bid to identify customers for participation in such programs, in this work, a computationally efficient strategy is developed to identify customers with high demand during peak period, who can be incentivized to participate in demand response programs. With this, a significant peak shaving can be achieved by the utility, and in turn stress on the distribution network is reduced during peak hours.

The Grid has revolutionized the way computations are done on the Internet. Access to remote computational resources and ad hoc creation of virtual organizations across administrative domains opens new opportunities on the Grid. The newly developed web services based Open Grid Services Architecture makes the Grid more accessible by allowing the Grid to be constructed from distinct platform independent components. Together they provide an environment for application sharing (or trading), collaborations and access to remote data repositories. The application marketplace is a natural extension to this application sharing environment. The marketplace addresses the fact that the existing infrastructure is still incomplete without provisions for publishing and discovering applications and resources, including the application descriptors that must be moved between the market participants. This work demonstrates a web service instance-based infrastructure, the application market that allows the sellers, the application and the CPU providers to publish their applications for the users to find and use. The application market uses a portal architecture built on top of Globus toolkit 3.0 that interacts with the providers and the users. The market services provide distinct interfaces that allow providers to advertise applications and users to select, configure, and run these applications. The applications themselves are modeled as stateful objects represented using XML which can be exchanged between the providers and users when required. The marketplace, through its interfaces, effectively hides the compute resource and application complexity thus allowing end users to explore and use applications unfamiliar to them with ease.

The first step in the assembly of an overset grid system is to cut holes or to mark points that are inside a solid body and outside the domain of interest. Most existing approaches have been developed for use only with structured grids. A fast and robust approach that can be applied to structured, unstructured, or generalized grid topologies, with a minimum of user inputs, is desired. A new hole cutting process is presented that utilizes a Cartesian Binary tree representation of the geometry to provide a fast and efficient algorithm applicable to generalized grids. An algorithm has also been developed to mark the fringe points and find its donors. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated by testing it on generalized and structured grids.

No description available.