Fossil fuel will eventually become exhausted. Also, fossil fuels produce large amounts of carbon dioxide, which cannot only bring environment pollution, but can also cause global warming. Therefore, clean and renewable energy sources should be investigated. In this project, renewable wind power was considered. Wind energy is free, clean and available in large quantities, although it is difficult to use due to its stochastic variability. Energy storage can reduce this variability allowing energy production to match energy demand. In this study, different kinds of energy storage approaches were introduced, compared, and simulated by using half hourly wind data from the Met Office, UK, and half hourly load data from the University of Bath, UK. Hydrogen has higher mass energy density than all other energy storage methods. It is seen as a versatile energy carrier of the future, complementary to electricity and with the potential to replace fossil fuels due to its zero carbon emissions and abundance in nature. On the other hand, because hydrogen is the lightest element under normal conditions; the same amount of hydrogen must occupy a huge volume compared to other elements. The mature technology for converting hydrogen into electricity has high cost and low efficiency. These are big issues that limit the usage of hydrogen energy storage methods. Using wind and load data, a new algorithm was developed and used for sizing the wind turbine, and energy storage requirements. The traditional way to supply energy is distributing electricity, but in this PhD research, there are some discussions about a new method, hydrogen transport-hydrogen pipeline. From the results of the comparison and algorithm, a practical hydrogen energy storage system for the University of Bath network was proposed and designed. In the proposed design the energy from a wind turbine was directed to the load and the remaining excess power was used to produce hydrogen by water electrolysis. The hydrogen was stored in a high pressure compressed tank, and finally a hydrogen fuelled combined cycle gas turbine was used to convert the hydrogen to electricity. In this thesis, the dynamics of the complete hydrogen cycle energy storage and recovery mechanism are discussed, identifying potential applications such as power smoothing, peak lopping and extending power system controller ranges. The results of calculations of the payback time and revenue verify the feasibility of the designed hydrogen energy storage system. The main objective of the PhD was to design a practical hydrogen energy storage system for micro-grid applications. During this research, hydrogen energy storage was investigated to show that it does solve the problems arising from renewable energy.

As California continues to integrate more renewable energy into its electrical system, the state has experienced a corresponding rise in photovoltaic system installations. PV arrays are a unique source of power generation in that they are affected by the location of the sun, shading, and temperature changes. These characteristics make solar one of the most highly variable forms of renewable energy. In order to improve solar power’s consistency, PV systems require a supplemental source of power. The primary focus of this paper is to determine if distributed energy storage systems can be used to reduce the effect of solar intermittency. This paper examines the test data and system specifications of an experimental DESS. The benefits of using a DESS in a PV system are further studied using computer simulation modeling. This paper also shows through computer simulations how a maximum power point tracker can increase a PV array’s power output. The results of this thesis demonstrate that DESS’s are capable of smoothing out highly variable load profiles caused by intermittent solar power.

Thesis (M.S. in electrical engineering)--Washington State University, December 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-58).

Phasor measurement is a growth technology in the power grid industry. With new funding, grid reliability concerns, and power capacity margin motivating a smart grid transformation, phasor measurement and smart metering are taking center stage as the implementation methods for grid intelligence. This thesis proposes a novel concept for designing a next generation phasor measurement unit. The present generation phasor measurement unit relies upon venerable existing current and voltage transducer technology that is expensive, bulky, and not well suited to the modern age of digital and computerized control signals. Also, the rising proliferation of installed phasor measurement units will soon result in data overload and huge obligations for network bandwidth and processing centers. This brute-force approach is ill-advised. Forward thinking is required to foresee the future grid, its fundamental operation, and its sensor controller needs. A reasonably safe assumption is a future grid containing sensors numbering in the thousands or millions. This number of sensors cannot transmit raw data over the network without requiring enormous network capacity and data center processing power. This thesis proposes a novel concept—combining existing technologies such as improved current transducers and wireless precision time protocols to design a next generation phasor measurement unit. The unit is entirely self-contained. It requires no external connections due to inclusion of high performance transducers, processor, wireless radio, and even energy harvesting components. With easy, safe, and low cost installation, proliferation of thousands or millions of sensors becomes feasible. Also, with a scalable sensor network containing thousands or millions of parallel distributed processors, data reduction and processing within the network relieves the need for high bandwidth data transmission or supercomputing data centers.

Thesis (M.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2010. / Mode of access: Internet. Title from PDF title page; viewed on March 15, 2010. Major professor: Dr. David Braun. "Presented to the faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo." "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree [of] Master of Science in Electrical Engineering." "March 2010." Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-69).

Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003. / Thesis advisor(s): Robert E. Looney, Maria Rasmussen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-57). Also available online.

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No description available.

Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009. / Thesis Advisor(s): Buddenberg, Rex. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 24, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Power Generation, Remote Network Node, Interoperability Network, Electric Generator, Wind Power, Solar Power, Photovoltaic, Thermoelectric, Energy Storage, Fuel Cell, Hybrid Power, Power Monitoring, Power Management. Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-120). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2008. / Adviser: Rajeevan Amirtharajah. Includes bibliographical references.