This diploma thesis deals with the design of thermodynamic heat pump, used to utilize thermal energy of flue gases arised from the combustion of natural gas in a heat exchanger. The flow rates of the compader compressor, bypass compressor and turbine are calculated. Part of this thesis is simplified design of gearbox and economical evaluation of heat pump installation. The appendix of the thesis contains technical documentation.

The aim of the Diploma Thesis is to discuss the design and construction solution for circulation of the thermodynamic heat pump especially used in the heating industry with stoichiometric combustion of chosen natural gas. The basic components of the proposed heat pump are turbine, compressor and gearbox. To solve the presented aims, the thermodynamic calculation of the individual components, the determination of the efficiency of the whole equipment and the analysis of the physical properties of the natural gas with regard to the specified input and output parameters were considered. In addition, an analysis of the individual components design of the proposed equipment was carried out, on the basis the technically most acceptable variant was chosen and the equipment construction was carried out incl. connecting elements. Drawing documentation is part of the attachments. On the basis of the analysis, it can be stated that the proposed plant leads to energy savings, is ecologically sufficient and has been shown to have approximately twice the amount of heat dissipated than without its use.

[pt] Um sistema de produção e escoamento de petróleo, quando equipado com manifold submarino, viabiliza a produção conjunta de poços de diferentes capacidades de produção. O equilíbrio conseguido na produção desses poços se faz à custa do estrangulamento (choking) dos poços de mais alta capacidade de produção, de forma a propiciar um equilíbrio com aqueles de mais baixa capacidade de produção. Naturalmente as vazões atingidas nessa forma sinérgica são menores do que aquelas que seriam atingidas com a produção em separado desses poços mas, tais menores vazões são economicamente mais atraentes devido às economias atingidas nos custos de investimento (e.g., redução do comprimento total de linhas de produção e do número de risers) e das esperadas e normalmente ocorrentes reduções de custo operacional nesses sistemas. Entretanto, a partir da disponibilidade da tecnologia de bombeamento multifásico submarino, na qual se torna possível diretamente transferir energia à misturas multifásicas (óleo, gás e água) em produção, viabiliza-se o estabelecimento de um novo e mais atraente tipo de equilíbrio nesses sistemas. Tal novo equilíbrio, possível pelo uso de sistemas de bombeamento multifásico instalados em manifold submarinos de produção, deve propiciar níveis de produção governados inclusive pelos limites impostos pela engenharia de reservatórios e não mais tão somente pelas características físicas dos sistemas (seções de escoamento, distâncias, lâminas d`água, propriedades dos fluidos etc.). A esta forma inédita de obtenção de um novo e mais alto patamar de equilíbrio da produção, a literatura vem utilizando a denominação Estrangulamento Positivo (Positive Choking). Assim, baseados no aumento das vazões de produção - antecipação de produção - e no potencial aumento dos fatores de recuperação - maiores volumes produzidos - acredita-se ser tal técnica economicamente atraente quando aplicada em sistemas de produção ainda em implementação, ou mesmo, na implantação da mesma em sistemas já instalados. O propósito desta tese é o de contribuir na análise técnica e econômica da inédita aplicação de um sistema de bombeamento multifásico submarino num sistema de produção equipado com manifold. / [en] A subsea oil production system allows simultaneous production of several wells with different flow rates when the system has a subsea manifold. In order to balance the different flow rates, the higher production wells have their flow rates reduced via a choking system. As a result, the total flow is lower than the summmation of all individual well flow rates. But, this combined and lower production has a very attractive economics, as it requires lower capital expenditures, mainly due to the shorter overall length of flowlines and lower number of risers and, also due to the expected lower operational costs. Nowadays, however, with the availabity of the technology of subsea multiphase pumping system, which enables the transfer of energy to multiphase mixtures (oil, gas and water) under production, becomes possible to achieve an even higher and more attractive plateau in these petroleum production systems. This new equilibrium plateau, made possible by the technology of subsea multiphase pumping, will lead to production levels that will attempt to take benefit of all reservoir allowance and then extending the primary production limit imposed by the production system characteris tics (e.g., flowline length, water depth, produced fluid properties etc.). This novel scheme that allows obtaining a now and higher production level is being called in the literature as Positive Choking. Therefore, based on the resultant aspects of production flow rate increase - production anticipation - and on the potentially higher recovery factors - larger produced volumes - is what drives the belief that such technology can be economically attractive to new production systems being installed or even in those already in operation. The purpose of this work is to contribute in the technical and economical evaluation of Multiphase Pumping System application on a subsea production system equipped with a manifold.