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Visual Analytics for Software Requirements EngineeringReddivari, Sandeep Reddy 17 May 2014 (has links)
For many software projects, keeping requirements on track needs an effective and efficient path from data to decision. Visual analytics creates such a path that enables the human to extract insights by interacting with the relevant information. While various requirements visualization techniques exist, few have produced end-to-end values to practitioners. In this dissertation, we advance the literature on visual requirements analytics by characterizing its key components and relationships in a framework. We follow the goal-question-metric paradigm to define the framework by teasing out five conceptual goals (user, data, model, visualization, and knowledge), their specific operationalizations, and their interconnections. The framework allows us to not only assess existing approaches, but also create tool enhancements in a principled manner. We evaluate our enhanced tool supports both qualitatively and quantitatively. First, we evaluate our tool supports qualitatively through a case study where massive, heterogeneous, and dynamic requirements are processed, visualized, and analyzed. Working together with practitioners on a contemporary software project within its real-life context leads to the main ending that visual analytics can help tackle both open-ended visual exploration tasks and well-structured visual exploitation tasks in requirements engineering. In addition, the study helps the practitioners to reach actionable decisions in a wide range of areas relating to their project, ranging from theme and outlier identification, over requirements tracing, to risk assessment. Overall our work illuminates how the data-to-decision analytical capabilities could be improved by the increased interactivity of requirements visualization. Although many new visual analytics tools, techniques and methods are being developed, still there is a lack of understanding of how to evaluate the performance of such tools. We conducted an experiment to assess the performance (time and correctness) of our visual analytics tool support in solving requirements engineering tasks. Our study provides initial evidence and insights for visual analytics in requirements engineering and sheds light on many challenging open questions.
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[en] REQUIREMENTS VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION: NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING AND SOFTWARE AGENTS / [pt] VERIFICAÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO EM REQUISITOS: PROCESSAMENTO DA LINGUAGEM NATURAL E AGENTESMIRIAM SAYAO 30 November 2007 (has links)
[pt] No processo de desenvolvimento do software, atividades
relacionadas ao
Processo de Requisitos envolvem elicitação, modelagem,
verificação e validação
dos requisitos. O uso da linguagem natural no registro dos
requisitos facilita a
comunicação entre os participantes do processo, além de
possibilitar que clientes e
usuários validem requisitos sem necessitar de conhecimento
extra. Por outro lado,
na economia globalizada atual, o desenvolvimento de
software por equipes
geograficamente distribuídas está se tornando uma norma.
Nesse cenário,
atividades de verificação e validação de requisitos para um
software de média ou
alta complexidade podem envolver o tratamento de centenas
ou milhares de
requisitos. Com essa ordem de complexidade é importante que
o engenheiro de
software tenha apoio computacional para o desempenho
adequado das atividades
de aferição de qualidade. Neste trabalho estamos propondo
uma estratégia que
combina técnicas de processamento da linguagem natural
(PLN) e agentes de
software para apoiar as atividades de análise dos
requisitos. Geramos visões
textuais ou gráficas de grupos de requisitos relacionados;
visões apóiam a análise
de completude, a identificação de duplicidades e de
dependências entre requisitos.
Utilizamos técnicas de análise de conteúdo para apoiar a
identificação de
omissões em requisitos não funcionais. Também propomos uma
estratégia para a
construção ou atualização do léxico da aplicação,
utilizando técnicas de PLN.
Utilizamos agentes de software para implementar serviços
que incorporam as
estratégias referidas, e também para atuar como
representantes dos participantes
do projeto em desenvolvimento. / [en] In software development process, initial activities can
involve requirements elicitation, modeling and analysis
(verification and validation). The use of natural language
in the register of the requirements facilitates the
communication among stakeholders, besides offering
possibilities to customers and users to validate
requirements without extra knowledge. On the other hand, in
the current global economy, software development for teams
geographically distributed is becoming a rule. In this
scenario, requirements verification and validation for
medium or high complexity software can involve the
treatment of hundreds or even thousand requirements. With
this complexity order it is important to provide
computational support for the software engineer execute
quality activities. In this work we propose a strategy
which combines natural language processing (NLP) techniques
and software agents to support analysis activities. We have
generated textual or graphical visions from groups of
related requirements; visions help completeness analysis,
identification of duplicities and dependences among
requirements. We use content analysis techniques to support
the identification of omissions in nonfunctional
requirements. Also, we propose a strategy to construct the
lexicon, using NLP techniques. We use software agents to
implement web services that incorporate the related
strategies, and also agents to act as personal assistants
for stakeholders of the software project.
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