Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-66).

The thesis deals with road taxes and charges collection systems in the Czech Republic and in selected European Union countries. At first the thesis generally describes economics of transport, the second chapter describes the current road taxes and charges collection systems, a substantial part of the chapter focuses on road taxes and charges in the Czech Republic. The third chapter contains descriptive statistics of taxes and fees. The last part of the thesis contains a statistical analysis of the factors influencing an amount of road charges in the Czech Republic and in selected European Union countries. The aim of this thesis is to assess the impact of different factors to the level and evolution of revenues from road taxes and charges.

La transcription de l’ADN en ARN constitue la première étape de l’expression d’un gène. Durant les dix dernières années, plusieurs études ont montré qu’environ 80-90% du génome est transcrit et que la transcription peut démarrer presque partout. Ce phénomène, connu sous le nom de transcription envahissante, représente une menace sérieuse contre l’expression correcte du génome car il peut interférer non seulement avec d’autres évènements de transcription mais également avec n’importe quel procédé impliquant l’ADN. Une terminaison sélective est donc un mécanisme de la plus haute importance pour la stabilité du génome et la correcte régulation de l’expression des gènes. Ici nous décrivons la terminaison road-block, un nouveau mécanisme de la terminaison par l’ARN polymerase II, qui a pour fonction de limiter la transcription envahissante et de limiter les conséquences d’une translecture au niveau des sites de terminaison canoniques de S.cerevisiae. Nous démontrons également que plusieurs facteurs de transcription peuvent entrainer cette terminaison et que certains sites génomiques y sont associés. De plus, nous explorons également la possibilité que ces terminaisons road-block puissent contribuer à rendre spécifiques les origines de réplication. / Transcription of DNA into RNA intermediates constitutes the first step in gene expression. During the last decade, several studies showed that about 80-90% of the genome is transcribed, and that transcription can initiate almost anywhere. This process—known as pervasive transcription—represents a serious threat to proper gene expression as it has the potential to interfere with not only other transcription events, but any DNA-based process. Selective transcription termination is therefore a mechanism of paramount importance for genome transcriptome stability and correct regulation of gene expression. Here we describe road-block termination, a novel termination mechanism for RNA polymerase II that functions to limit pervasive transcription and buffer the consequences of readthrough transcription at canonical terminators in S.cerevisiae. We show that several transcription factors can elicit this termination and that a number of unexpected genomic loci are associated with it. Additionally, we explore the possibility that road-block termination might contribute to specification of replication origins.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to develop a study of the intersection od road I/38 with road III/40826, including bus stops, which are located at the intersection. The study will have 3 variants and one subvariant – extra-level, circular, intersection with pedestrian crossings and intersection with an underpass. The reason for the study is the dangerous arrangement of the current state.

This master thesis analyzes the bottlenecks on the terrestrial communications in the area Blansko. The aim is to suggest organizational and engineering measures which lead to increase traffic safety in selected road sections of terrestrial communications.

An evaluation of eleven roadway matting systems was conducted to determine their effectiveness in carrying heavy vehicle traffic over loose sand subgrades. Three of the eleven matting systems were also evaluated over soft fine-grained subgrades. Matting products included high-density polyethylene, aluminum, fiberglass, and polyester. System configurations included continuous rolls of material, segmented rolls, and individual panels. The matting products were assembled on test sections and trafficked with a 7-ton, 6-wheeled truck loaded with a 7-ton payload until 20 percent of the mat section was no longer reusable or 2,000 truck passes were achieved. Earth pressure cells were installed under nine of the sand test sections to monitor load distributions provided by the matting systems. Based on the test results, recommendations are given for selecting the best roadway matting system types for use on temporary roads with sand or soft fine-grained subgrades.

The extensively used AASHTO structural design procedures for flexible pavement indicate the required pavement design in terms of a structural number. For a particular pavement thickness design, this structural number can be computed from the sum of each pavement layer's thickness multiplied by its strength parameter, called the structural layer coefficient. The research work reported herein presents methods for determining the structural layer coefficients for asphalt emulsion-aggregate mixtures. A hot plant-mixed asphaltic concrete was evaluated for structural layer coefficient, and the radial stress vs. fatigue failure relationship was developed using circular specimens and the Jimenez deflectometer. Relationships between structural number and load repetitions to failure for different loading conditions were developed. These relationships were used to evaluate the structural numbers of other specimens when tested to failure in flexural fatigue. Three asphalt emulsion-aggregate mixtures were designed using CSS-lh asphalt emulsion. The aggregates used for the three mixtures were: (1) Type I aggregate using dense-graded, crushed, river gravel; (2) Type II aggregate using pit-run, coarse sand; and (3) Type III aggregate using a silty sand. These mixtures were evaluated for Marshall stability, Hveem stability and cohesiometer value, unconfined compressive strength, double punch tensile strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity at various ages from 3 to 28 days. Flexural fatigue life, when tested in the deflectometer, was determined for all mixtures at 7 and 28 days. Structural numbers for the specimens and structural layer coefficients for the mixtures were determined. Relationships were developed between the evaluation tests performed and the structural layer coefficients at various mixture ages by using test results from the three mixtures and a regression analysis procedure. A fourth asphalt emulsion-aggregate mixture using CSS-lh asphalt emulsion and a Type II crusher-run aggregate was designed. Evaluation tests were performed at 3 and 7 days and layer coefficients for the mixture were predicted for 7 and 28 days using the regression equations developed. Layer coefficients at 7 and 28 days were also determined by testing specimens in fatigue in the deflectometer and computing their structural numbers and layer coefficients. Layer coefficients determined in these two manners indicated favorable comparisons. The results of this research provides information about the structural layer coefficients for asphalt emulsion-aggregate mixtures. The relationships between the evaluation tests and structural layer coefficient can be used for determining layer coefficients for other asphalt emulsion-aggregate mixtures. Because the evaluation tests used were tests commonly performed in most asphalt laboratories, these determinations can be made without the necessity of additional equipment or procedures in most cases.

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