African refugees and immigrants are arriving in Manitoba in vastly increasing numbers and a review of the literature indicates that they are experiencing barriers to successful integration. The goals of this research are to understand the experiences of Sierra Leonean newcomers with seeking support and identify specific needs and services that might be helpful. Using qualitative methods, interviews were conducted with Sierra Leonean newcomers. The analysis of the data indicates that newcomers want financial independence and to fit into Canadian life. The process to get their foreign credentials accredited is difficult and affects their ability to gain economic security. They rely on informal networks with other Sierra Leoneans for assistance to acquire resources when they are unable to get help from service providers. As well, newcomers are concerned about their community image, feelings of isolation and sacrificing all of their dreams. Recommendations from this study include the need to recognize and support African community leaders in connecting with newcomers to share accurate and vital information. In addition, services for employment and the accreditation of foreign credentials should be appropriate, affordable and timely. Changes to policies and to the provision of settlement services are necessary to improve the accessibility and availability of resources required for the successful integration of African newcomers.

Universiẗat, Magisterarbeit, 2006--Marburg.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Sociology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 541-554). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR19795

Zugl.: Magdeburg, Univ., Diss., 2008

Zugl.: Magdeburg, Universiẗat, Diss., 2008.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1972. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Akademisk avhandling--Religionshistoria--Lund, 1981. / Bibliogr. p. 191-195.

This thesis traces the origins and development of Sierra Leone Krio vocabulary, based upon the writer's own study and manuscript dictionary of that language, and on work with informants for most of the donor languages dealt with. Part I deals with European-African contacts from the 15th to the 19th century, and with creolization as a linguistic process developing from this contact. Various theories of creolization are discussed, and the hypothesis advanced that Krio did not pass through a pidgin stage as is generally maintained, but became nativized during the first generation of speakers, and pidginized later. This chapter is followed by a discussion of the sociolinguistic aspects of Krio, and a description of Krio phonology. Part II examines European material in Krio, the most important of which sources being English. The special role of the nautical varieties of the language in the 16th-19th centuries is emphasized. Regional and Archaic British forms which are still retained in Krio are also discussed. Parts III and IV deal with the African-derived items in Krio; from these chapters it is apparent that out of the complex multilingual situation of 19th century Freetown, comparatively few African languages have had any far-reaching impact upon Krio, and then usually only in specialized areas of the lexicon. Part Y is concerned with items derived from Arabic, all of which have entered Krio via one or more other West African languages. The majority of these items occur in a solely Islamic context. Part VI covers other aspects of Krio vocabulary: items coined within Krio itself, having no apparent cognates outside the language, compounded forms traceable to two (or more) different source languages, 'convergence' forms with two or more equally likely etymologies, English-derived items calqued on African models, items obsolete in modern Krio but recorded in 19th century literature, and items for which no satisfactory etymologies have yet been found. Part VII (appendices) comprises the acknowledgements and list of informants, and the bibliography, including several references for Sierra Leone Krio not consulted in the preparation of this thesis. The final section is an alphabetical word-index to all the items discussed, (ca. 3,000).

No / The article is organized into two main parts. First, it presents the termination of the conflict in Sierra Leone as a case-study to examine the degree to which cosmopolitan values connecting peacekeeping and peacebuilding are (or are not) evident. The case-study looks at the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) as a model of successful peacekeeping in the sense that everyday security was provided for the people of Sierra Leone through the deployment of a robust peacekeeping mission. This assessment needs to be qualified in relation to serious deficits still to be addressed in post-conflict peacebuilding, yet the success of this mission does provide encouragement for those who see the construction of a cosmopolitan security architecture for Africa as both desirable and achievable. Second, it explores the degree to which an appropriate model of cosmopolitan peacekeeping might emerge at regional and continental levels in Africa through the development of the African Standby Force (ASF). What the case-study presented here and the survey of the African Union (AU)/ASF in the second part of the article have in common is that taken together, they provide some evidence to suggest that, however fragile, the AU is beginning to define an agenda that represents a continent wide and, in that sense at least, a cosmopolitan response to African security issues.

The momentous 2005 Liberian elections followed a devastating civil war. Remarkably, the winner of the presidential race was a woman, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, and the second-placed was a footballer, George Weah. In addition, in stark contrast to many African elections in particular those in neighbouring Sierra Leone, voting patterns were fragmented: voters often chose President, Senators and Representatives from different parties or independents. Much can be explained by a remarkably level playing-field delivered by an interim coalition government providing no incumbent. In 2011, the Johnson-Sirleaf incumbency stood to significantly change the dynamics. This article seeks to discern whether Liberian elections maintain their unusual patterns, whether Liberia has joined the ranks of African patron-clientelist, dominant-party or two-party systems, in particular compared to that of Sierra Leone, or whether there are new twists in its democratic development. / Full text of the article was made available on the 1st March 2015 at the end of the publisher's embargo.