The problem with which this study is concerned is the description of the past and present trends in the process of urbanization in Nigeria. In addition, the study explores tribal practices and perspectives in Nigeria's urban areas, giving special attention to the bases for the continuous existence of these phenomena. The data used in the study are obtained from books, government documents of both the United States and Nigeria and the. United Nations demographic analysis documents. The study is divided into five chapters. Based on findings and research of this study, the conclusion is drawn that adaptation to Nigeria's urban life proceeds through modification of the traditional institutions and their combination with Western cultural values, technology and economic practices into a new social structure.

Demographic and Socioeconomic factors related to the urbanization of Iran are discussed. An historical review of the growth of urbanization in Iran is reported. Factors included in the analysis are the birth, death, literacy, and mobility rates as well as the age-sex structure of the population. The data are from the national censuses of 1956 and 1966. Changes in demographic trends in both major and smaller cities during this decade are discussed in detail. The results of the analyses of these data are applicable to most developing countries. This information may be of possible aid in planning for the growth and redistribution of the Iranian population.

by Chung Him. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-175). / ABSTRACT --- p.i -ii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iii / ABBREVIATIONS --- p.iv / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v -vii / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.viii -ix / LIST OF TABLES --- p.x -xi / LIST OF MAPS --- p.xii / CHAPTER / Chapter 1 --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- Setting the Scene --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- The Research Problem --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Research Objective --- p.7 / Chapter 1.4 --- Research Methodology --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5 --- Significance of this Research --- p.9 / Chapter 1.6 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.10 / Chapter 2 --- UNEVEN DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN THE URBAN AND THE RURAL: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- The Literature on Urban-Rural Inequality in China --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- Urban-Rural Inequality: A Discussion of Western Concepts --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Urban-Rural Inequality and Neo-classical Economic Theories --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Theories of Unequal Exchange --- p.24 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- "The Concept of ""Urban Bias""" --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4 --- "Summary," --- p.34 / Chapter 3 --- GEOGRAPHIC TRANSFER OF RESOURCES: THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Concept of GTR --- p.38 / Chapter 3.3 --- The Operation of GTR in China --- p.44 / Chapter 3.4 --- The GTR Mechanism in the Context of the Regional Administrative System --- p.51 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- The Traditional Regional Administrative System and GTR --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Institutional Reform of City-Leading-Counties and GTR --- p.55 / Chapter 3.5 --- Variety Forms of Vertical and Horizontal Resource Transfer --- p.61 / Chapter 3.6 --- Summary --- p.66 / Chapter 4 --- OPERATIONALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT OF GTR / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2 --- On Methodology --- p.68 / Chapter 4.3 --- The Measurement of Resource Transfer --- p.72 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Resource Transfer Via the Price Mechanism (GTR1) --- p.74 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Resource transfer Via Taxes and Payments (GTR2) --- p.80 / Chapter 4.4 --- Sketching the Picture of Resources Localization --- p.83 / Chapter 4.5 --- The Technical Problems of Operationalization --- p.86 / Chapter 4.6 --- Summary --- p.86 / Chapter 5 --- THE SUNAN AREA: A DESCRIPTION OF THE SETTING / Chapter 5.1 --- Defination --- p.88 / Chapter 5.2 --- Basic Socio-Economic Characteristics --- p.89 / Chapter 5.3 --- Summary: Implications For the Operation of the GTR --- p.97 / Chapter 6 --- ESTIMATION OF THE RESOURCE TRANSFER & LOCALIZATION IN THE SUNAN AREA / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.100 / Chapter 6.2 --- The Estimation of GTR1 --- p.100 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- The Rural Commodity Accounts of GTR1 --- p.100 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Adjust the Rural Commodity Accounts by the Base-Year Method --- p.109 / Chapter 6.3 --- Sketching the Picture of Resource Localization --- p.111 / Chapter 6.4 --- Concluding Remarks --- p.118 / Chapter 7 --- GTR IN THE SUNAN AREA / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.120 / Chapter 7.2 --- Administrative System Reform in Sunan and Its Effects on GTR: A Discussion of the Estimations --- p.120 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- GTR Under the Traditional Administrative System --- p.122 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Institutional Reform & the GTRin the Sunan Area --- p.125 / Chapter 7.3 --- GTR in the Sunan Rural Ecocomy: A Discussion of the Mechanism --- p.142 / Chapter 7.3.1 --- GTR in the Agricultural Sector --- p.142 / Chapter 7.3.2 --- GTR in the Rural Non-Agricultural Activities --- p.149 / Chapter 7.4 --- Conclusion --- p.151 / Chapter 8 --- SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS / Chapter 8.1 --- Summary --- p.153 / Chapter 8.2 --- Implications --- p.156 / Chapter 8.3 --- Directions for Further Study --- p.158 / BILBLIOGRAPHY --- p.160 / Cited Statistical Yearbooks --- p.173

This dissertation analyzes the impact of mid-nineteenth century liberal reforms in Bogotá’s urbanization process. It focuses particularly in the disentailment of corporate and common property decreed in 1861 by President Tomas Cipriano de Mosquera. Through disentailement the government attempted to resolve the fiscal crisis that had affected Colombia during the nineteenth century and also to stimulate the economy by putting a considerable mass of real estate in the market. However, disentailment was also, and more than anything, a legal reform that transformed the existent property regime as well as prevalent social relations around property. Until the middle of the nineteenth century, most of Bogotá’s inhabitants lived and worked on municipal and church properties under ambiguous possessory and usufruct agreements that were protected by colonial law and custom. Disentailment not only ended corporate privileges, but abolished the plurality of forms of transfer and landholding that had prevailed during the centuries of colonial domination, to replace them with a system of private property. Paying particular attention to the daily negotiations between urban tenants, the merchant class and the state, this dissertation examines the difficult and incomplete transition from colonial forms of property possession and conveyance to a system of private property, and from colonial legal pluralism to the legal monism that characterized mid-century liberalism. In analyzing how accepted legal and costmary practices slowly proscribed by state action, this dissertation reveals also the relationship between the process of state formation, Colombia’s integration into the world market, and the roots of urban extralegality.

Mak, Yim King. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-131). / In English with some Chinese; abstract also in Chinese. / Thesis/Assessment Committee --- p.i / Abstract --- p.iii / Acknowledgements --- p.iv / Contents --- p.v / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter One: --- Usage of the One-stroke Head in Intact Public Spaces --- p.9 / Chapter Chapter Two: --- Modification by other Connotative Signs --- p.31 / Chapter Chapter Three: --- Changing the Spatial and Socio-cultural Contexts --- p.50 / Chapter Chapter Four: --- Affinity with Demolition and Destructed Houses --- p.74 / Chapter Chapter Five: --- Use of Photography --- p.98 / Conclusion --- p.120 / Bibliography --- p.125

Thesis (M. Arch.)--Carleton University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-134). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Auburn University. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Université de Bordeaux III, 1980. / Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, p. 1102-1139).

Thesis (M. Sc.(Urb. Plan.))--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf [170-176]).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-64).