Le but de cette thèse fut d'optimiser le procédé d'aboutage par entures multiples du bois d'épinette noire. L'approche développée propose une méthodologie basée sur l'optimisation des paramètres de procédé dans les différentes étapes de l'aboutage soit l'effet de la forme et géométrie des joints, l'effet de la pression et temps de durcissement de l'adhésif, l'effet de la température et de la teneur en humidité du bois et les effets de la vitesse de coupe et de l'avance par couteau. Les variables étudiées ont été choisies suite à un sondage effectué dans cinq usines de bois abouté du Québec. La méthodologie adoptée a considéré des essais préliminaires et des essais d'optimisation du procédé. La thèse fournit de l'information sur des paramètres optimisés de l'aboutage du bois de l'épinette noire, inconnus jusqu'à aujourd'hui. / In Eastern Canada, black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) has recently been introduced to finger-joined wood products. While there is a growing economic importance of the species in such applications, little information is available on the manufacturing parameters that influence the finger-jointing process for this species. The purpose of this work was to optimize the finger-jointing process of black spruce wood. Various parameters associated with the finger-jointing process were evaluated. Those included the following: finger-joint configurations, curing time and end-pressure, wood temperature and moisture content and wood machining parameters. Isocyanate adhesive was used for all types of evaluations. Results from configurations evaluation indicated that the feather configuration performs better than male-female and reverse profiles, especially for horizontal structural joints. The effect of moisture content on the mechanical performance of joined black spruce wood was not very conclusive. However, the experiment on wood temperature showed the lowest tensile strength at -5°C. Results on the effect of pressure and curing time showed that curing time and end-pressure have a statistically significant influence on the performance of structural finger-joints. Analysis indicated that finger-joined black spruce has the best performance at an end-pressure of 3.43 MPa (498 psi). For wood machining parameters, results indicated that suitable finger-jointing in black spruce could be achieved within a range of 1676 m/min (5498 feet/min) and 2932 m/min (9621 feet/min) of cutting speed and between 0.86 mm and 1.14 mm of chip-load. The microscopical analysis of damaged cells confirmed the effect of cutting speed on the finger-jointing process. In general, depth of damage was more severe as cutting speed increased. Results obtained in this research could help mills to optimize the process and improve the mechanical performance of finger-joined black spruce product.