This diploma thesis deals with application of newly synthesized α-cyclodextrins derivatives, 2I -O-cinnamyl-α-cyclodextrin and 3I -O-cinnamyl-α-cyclodextrin, in capillary electrophoresis. Their unique feature lies in formation of cyclodextrin aggregates in an aqueous solution by inclusion of phenyl moiety of one molecule into cavity of another one. The influence of addition of 2I -O-cinnamyl-α-CD and 3I -O-cinnamyl-α-CD to background electrolyte (BGE) and its impact on effective mobilities of eighteen selected analytes were tested. Nine analytes were measured in the form of cations (aniline, antipyrine, L-histidine, D,L-tyrosine, D,L- phenylalanine, N-(1-naphtyl)ethylenediamine, 4-nitroaniline, p-aminoaceto-phenon and tyramine) and nine in the form of anions (N-acetyl-D,L-phenylalanine, N-acetyl-D,L-tryptophan, N-benzoyl-D,L-phenylalanine, N-boc-D,L-tryptophan, N-FMOC-D,L-valine, N-FMOC-alanine, N-FMOC-D,L-leucine, D,L-3-phenyllactic acid and (R)-(-)-mandelic acid). Electrophoretic mobilities of cations were tested in BGE at pH 2.2 and anions at pH 8.0. The measurements were conducted at 25 and 50 řC. At the beginning the buffer containing 2.5 mM TRIS was adjusted with phosphoric acid to pH 2.2. However, it was found, that phosphate anions might enter cyclodextrin cavity and disable potential...

Le développement de nanotransporteurs basés sur des lipides, des polymères et des nanoparticules avec des propriétés «sur mesure» pour augmenter l’efficacité de médicaments, fait l’objet de recherches intensives. Toutefois, la physico-chimie subtile des intéractions polymères-lipides and nanoparticules-lipides présente encore de larges domaines mal compris et de nombreuses questions sans réponse. Ce projet de recherche doctoral utilise des techniques de visualisation (Cryo-MET, LSCM), et de caractérisation (ITC, DSC, SAXS, SANS, QCM-D) avancées pour obtenir des informations nouvelles sur les mécanismes d’interaction entre des Cyclodextrines-α d’autre part, des polymères sensibles au pH d’autre part, et des bicouches modèle de DOPC. La forte influence de ces deux composés sur ces systèmes modèle élucide certains aspects relatifs à la toxicité vis-à-vis des membranes biologiques et suggère de nouvelles approches pour des applications pharmaceutiques. / The primary goal of nanomedicine is to improve clinical outcomes. To this end, the development of nanocarriers based on lipids, polymers and nanoparticles with tailor-made properties that enhance the in vivo potency of drugs is a subject of intense research. However, the subtle physical-chemistry of the polymer-lipid and nanoparticle-lipid interactions still present many poorly understood fields of investigation as well as unanswered questions. This doctoral research project utilizes state-of-the-art visualization (Cryo-TEM, LSCM) and characterization (ITC, DSC, SAXS, SANS, QCM-D) techniques to gain novel insights into the interaction between α-Cyclodextrins in the first hand, a pH-responsive polymer in the other hand, and model DOPC bilayers. The strong influence of both compounds on these model systems elucidate some aspects regarding biological membrane toxicity and suggests novel strategies for pharmaceutical applications.