Thesis (M.B.A.)--Boston University

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-11-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:26:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 zambarda_wim_dr_rcla.pdf: 5708873 bytes, checksum: 77abe338a7849bac0f0debbbc54c30a3 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as mudanças econômicas ocorrida no município de Tabatinga (SP) e de seu distrito Curupá. Uma das maiores transformações se deu a partir da criação do Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL), voltado para a criação de bichos de pelúcia, acessórios infantis e enxovais de bebê. A tese apresentada destaca, dentro do contexto geral da produção, o papel desempenhado pelo comércio e distribuição, no referido APL. Além de trazer a análise do comércio nos estudos dos APLs este estudo também procurou refletir sobre os impactos da dinâmica econômica local no espaço urbano. A cidade como produto das relações sociais de produção deve refletir esse dinamismo em seu cotidiano, em seus fixos e fluxos. Nesse sentido, abordar esses elementos contidos no espaço urbano de Tabatinga foi a grande meta deste estudo / This study aims to analyze the economic changes that occurred in the city of Tabatinga (state of São Paulo) and in its districtcal led Curupá. One of the biggest changes started with the creation of the Local Productive Arrangement (LPA), aimed at the conceiving of plush toys, children's accessories and baby layettes. The presented thesis emphasizes the role of trade and distribution in that LPA considering production in general. Besides bringing an analysis about trading in LPA studies, this investigation also sought to reflect on the impacts of the local economic dynamics in urban space. The city as a profit of social relations of production must reflect this dynamism in its daily lives, fixed and flows. So to add ress these elements in the urban space of Tabatinga was the major goal of this study

No description available.

D.Econ.

Governments spend large sums of monies on various services provided to both firms and households. However, most open economy studies do not take government spending on industries into account. The present study deals exclusively with government spending on industries. This spending is incorporated into neoclassical production functions in terms of a public input. The purpose of this thesis is three fold: (i) to investigate the impact of terms of- trade changes in a small public input economy;(ii)to explore the international transmission of government spending on public inputs; and (iii) to examine the relationship between government spending on public inputs and the pattern of international trade. The thesis consists of three essays. In a three-period setting, the first essay examines the impact of terms-of-trade changes on the allocation of resources in a small open economy. The private sector of the economy produces two final goods by means of private inputs and a public input. The public input is produced by the public sector. The allocation of resources between the private and public sectors is endogenous and the public input is supplied with a lag of one period. The essay demonstrates that the timing of terms-of-trade changes is critical. The impact of terms-of-trade changes in the presence of labour unemployment is also considered. The second essay develops a two-country, one-good, and two factor general equilibrium model with a pure public input and international factor mobility. International transmission of government spending on a pure public input and the implications of potential international coordination are investigated in the short-run and the long-run. The essay also considers the international transmission of government spending on a pure public input in the context of a three-country model where two countries have formed an economic union. The third essay develops a two-country, two-good, and two factor general equilibrium model with a congestible public input. The model is used to investigate the relationship between government spending on a congestible public input and the pattern of international trade. / Arts, Faculty of / Vancouver School of Economics / Graduate

Both the process of designing better plans and the process of evaluating plans depend heavily on a detailed understanding of the interrelationships among urban activities. This thesis explores the relationship between some of the characteristics of urban areas and their air passenger generation. The research methodology consists of a review of the literature on air passenger generation. Secondly, data from thirty-nine Canadian cities are used for empirical analysis. Factor analysis, grouping analysis and multiple regression techniques are employed. The results explain that, in general, the factor of urbanization plays an important role in determining air passenger generation from urban areas. Also, for some cities, the trade and service functions discourage air passenger generation to some extent. Moreover, this study suggests that available techniques of analysis can be used successfully, to improve upon those which are commonly used in developing predictive equations for air passenger generation. It is evident from the models developed in this study that, for a group of cities, the more they are similar in their characteristics, the better is the predictive equation. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study have been discussed along with the suggestions for further research. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of / Graduate

This study explores the kinds of bargaining strategies which have been used and can be used by the less developed countries, designated as "the South", in trade negotiations with the developed countries, designated as "the North". It takes as its point of departure the North-South axis of conflict in international relations, namely, the conflict between the rich, advanced and industrial nations and the poor, newly emergent and developing nations. It focuses specifically on Southern bargaining in one sub-area of North-South trade - international tin accords. The study is presented in three chapters. The first chapter presents an overview of North-South trade relationships and issues. The second chapter begins a case study of North-South confrontation in tin agreements. The final chapter concludes with a check-list of bargaining strategies which have been employed or may be employed by Southern producing countries in tin negotiations. The major finding of the study is that Southern bargaining in tin accords has relied most heavily on strategies of normative appeal based on the UNCTAD 'ethos'. In particular, bargaining strategies which appeal to Northern altruism and democratic norms are especially popular. The second most used group of strategies are those which appeal to self-interest. In general, it was found that Southern bargaining has not been very effective. It is therefore recommended that Southern countries should (1) employ more intensively strategies of normative appeal other than those based on the UNCTAD ethic; (2) employ more intensively strategies which appeal to self-interests of Northern countries; and (3) employ strategies which demonstrate commitment to bargaining positions, and if need be, to demonstrate such commitment by the use of threats / Arts, Faculty of / Political Science, Department of / Graduate

The objective of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive management tool that will aid in policy formulation and evaluation of Air Canada's Passenger Check-in System. The tool is a computer simulation model that was verified to ensure that representative information could be derived from the model concerning the state of the real system. The model can be used to determine the effects of a given policy or passenger arrival composition on the three performance objectives of the system; namely, the utilization of the baggage and ticket facilities, a minimum passenger waiting time in the system, and the checking-in of passengers in accordance with procedural policy. The simulation model describes the state of the system and subsequent assessment of the effect of a policy on the objectives with their statistics: 1. the average utilization of the facilities, 2. the percentage of passengers exceeding two and a half minutes in any one queue, 3. the average transit time per passenger (summation of delay times in the system). An analysis utilizing the simulation model was undertaken in three areas of policy management. They are: To determine the implications of the behaviour of the Passenger Check-in System on policy formulation. 2. To determine the facility policy that should be implemented in order to achieve the present service policy as well as the maximum capacity of the system. 3. To formulate alternative operating policies and test for viability prior to implementation of the policy. The results of the analysis were as follows: 1. The service policy that a minimum of 15% of the Revenue passengers be allowed to exceed 2.5 minutes of waiting time has been formulated correctly. 2. The nature of the system is such that greater utilization of facilities will not be achieved by a nominal increase in the allowable percentage of passengers exceeding 2.5 minutes. 3. The facility policy and associated methodology has been formulated so that the objectives of the system will be attained. A. The maximum capacity of the system occurs when the arrival rate is in excess of 200 passengers per 15 minute period. 5. The use of a single queue at the Revenue ticket counter will ensure greater attainment of the system objectives than the use of multiple queues. 6. The combining of the baggage and ticket operations at one counter is a viable alternative in the present system. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

The charter market of the airline industry has progressively grown from an insignificant segment in international traffic to a relatively significant one during the last decade. What affect has the growth of the international charter market had on scheduled operations? The scheduled operators state that charters divert a substantial amount of passenger traffic away from them thereby jeopardizing their cross-subsidization system. On the other hand, charter operators claim that not only do they serve an entirely different market segment of demand for air travel thereby causing no diversion but that they in fact generate additional business for the airline industry as a whole. The purpose of this paper then, is to attempt to determine the impact, if any, that charter carriers may have on scheduled operations. A number of hypotheses were developed which, when investigated, would indicate whether or not charter flights divert passengers away from scheduled flights. Data to test these hypotheses were obtained from questionnaires distributed, during the summer of 1970, to trans-Atlantic passengers on charter and scheduled flights. The sample size consisted of 182 charter passengers and 100 scheduled passengers. The general conclusion was that charter and scheduled passengers have different demographic characteristics. This implies that charter carriers may serve a different market segment of demand for international air travel. However, when the charter passengers, notwithstanding their demographic characteristics, were asked if they would still take this trip to Europe, either now or in the near future, if they had to fly on a scheduled airliner and pay the regular fare, almost fifty percent responded in the affirmative. Therefore, it appears that, over the trans-Atlantic route, charter carriers divert a substantial amount of passenger traffic away from scheduled carriers. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

The purpose of this study is threefold. Firstly, a working measure of the profitability realized by C.P. Air in their Pacific operations should be derived. This will be gauged through the calculation of profit indicators on each of eight route segments. With the aid of these indicators, some suggestions can be given regarding the presence and degree of cross-subsidization in C.P. Air's overall operation. Secondly, the impact of possible charter development on scheduled services should be ascertained. Uncovering the nature of the Pacific air travel market and the major trends therein will complement the discussion of this evolution. Thirdly, consideration should be given to the implications that arise for Canadian regulatory policy. In particular, reference should be made to the aviation policies set out by the Canadian Transport Commission and to the stated objective of the National Transportation Act of 1967. This will serve to highlight the areas in which regulatory inconsistencies occur and in which questions may be asked concerning the long-run development of Canadian airline companies. Cost and performance data as well as information on the general development of the Pacific air travel market was collected and analyzed. This analysis provided a basis for the study of the Pacific operations of C.P. Air. Through this progressive analysis, profit indicators were derived on a route basis. In order to assess the effect of non-scheduled operators on regular Pacific air services, a gravity-type model was formulated and tested for the years 1962 - 1968. The impact of charters was measured through the inclusion of a "dummy-variable" in the multiple regression framework. The process was further refined to include some factor analysis in order to determine the principal dimensions of demand. Using the results of the statistical analysis, selected aspects of regulatory policy were discussed. This enabled questions to be asked regarding the appropriateness of some current transport policies. It was concluded that C.P. Air was apparently realizing sizeable returns on many Pacific routes. Although it was necessary to qualify this finding, it could not be denied that profits seemed high and C.P. Air would not wish any disturbance to occur. Should charters evolve in the Pacific to a significant magnitude, it was felt a large impact would be made on C.P. Air's scheduled services. Finally, it was concluded that domestic regulatory policy must be improved. The system should encourage efficient operations domestically and reinstate the true, spirit of serving the public interest. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate