本論文的研究目的在探討工作績效理論中任務性、脈絡性及適應性績效表現對主管獎酬決策的影響。研究一以「特定職位或職系適用」的角度，以業務經理為標的，運用實驗法以影片模擬實驗法的三因子實驗設計來進行，以233位企業主管為受試對象。研究二以「跨職位適用」的角度，運用調查法以150位主管選取一位部屬來評量三種工作績效表現。兩個研究結果顯示，任務性及脈絡性績效表現如過去研究結論一致，對主管獎酬決策有影響；適應性績效表現亦對主管獎酬決策有影響。透過實驗法驗證，適應性績效表現與脈絡性績效表現的交互效果對主管獎酬決策有影響；但與任務性績效表現的交互效果則是不存在的。透過調查法驗證，在任務越複雜的工作，脈絡性績效表現及適應性績效表現對主管獎酬決策的正向關係則越強。在研究三中，針對上述研究結論及實務應用，以兩個職務屬性為干擾效果，發現顧客接觸需求程度及任務相互依賴性越高的職位，適應性績效表現與主管獎酬決策的關係就越強。 本論文之研究延伸工作績效內涵，驗證適應性績效表現對主管獎酬決策有其影響。並以三個不同的研究來驗證假說，從不同的職務適用觀點及研究方法的角度，更具理論及實務的價值。 / The current research aims to examine how adaptive performance, contextual performance and task performance correlate supervisory reward decision. The study employed the methods of survey and laboratory experiments and virtually comprises three parts. In Part One, from the perspective of specific occupations or job families, 233 manager subjects were recruited to view a previously-videotaped simulated sales executive’s job performance and give rating afterwards in terms of his task performance, contextual performance, and adaptive performance. In Part Two, from the perspective of applicable across jobs, 150 manager subjects randomly chose one of their subordinates and rated his/her task, contextual and adaptive performance. The findings in either Study 1 or Study 2 were congruent with results of previous research, which indicated not only the main effects of task and contextual performance but also (that of) adaptive performance affected supervisory reward decision. In addition, the experiment study justified that the interactional effects of adaptive and contextual performance were crucial factors to modify the supervisory reward decision, while the field study illustrated how employees’ contextual and adaptive performances reinforced supervisory reward decision especially when task complexity were taken into consideration. In Study 3, based on the former findings and practical application, we found that a job position of high customer-contact requirements and high task interdependence significantly strengthened the correlation between adaptive performance and supervisory reward decision. This study not only endorses the essentiality of job performance but also testifies effect of adaptive performance on supervisory reward decision. Moreover, this study, using different methodologies, has extended theory and provided practical implications.