在全球化衝擊下，高等教育已進入一個高度競爭的時代，教育的專業化、自由化與國際化已成為無可避免的趨勢。因此兩岸教育與合作，除了在兩岸互動與和平發展上有劃時代的意涵外，更具有「符合世界潮流，與國際接軌」的深遠意義。 2008年總統大選結束，國內的政治情勢產生了前所未有的劇烈轉變，隨著政治立場的更迭，政府大幅調整了大陸政策，以往被忽視的陸生來臺就學政策也重新浮上檯面。 本研究旨在探討開放陸生來臺政策之研究，主要採用文獻探討及政策分析等進行研究，以多重角度地探討開放陸生來臺對臺灣國家安全、教育、社會文化及經濟等方面可能造成的衝擊與問題。 根據本研究歸納整理，主要結論如下： 一、全球化下高等教育學生流動成為趨勢，兩岸學生交流亦是時勢所趨。 二、開放陸生來臺就學政策，應兼顧臺灣學生權益。 三、招收陸生來臺應規劃妥善的相關配套措施，以減少衝擊與疑慮。 四、大學校院應積極發展各自的特色，並提升教育的品質。 五、推動兩岸大學校院的策略聯盟及整合產官學的合作，提升兩岸大學整體競爭力。 / Under the impact of globalization, higher education has entered a highly competitive era. Specialization, liberalization and internationalization of education have also become an unavoidable trend. Therefore, the education and cooperation between Taiwan and China not only show the interaction and development between the two sides of Taiwan Strait, but also equip the meaning of world trend and globalization in this new era. After the presidential election in 2008, the domestic political situation has suffered from a severe transformation in Taiwan. With the change of the political standpoint, the government greatly adjusted the policies toward Mainland China and the policy for Mainland China students studying in Taiwan has emerged again. The main point of this study is to discuss the policy of Mainland China students studying in Taiwan. The study mainly adopted the methods of literature review and policy analysis to explore the potential impacts and problems related to national security, education, culture and economy from several different facets. According to the study, some conclusions has been drawn, i. Due to globalization, the interflow of higher education students has become a tendency. The communication between the students from Taiwan and China, Of course, is also driven by this trend. ii. The government should consider the rights of Taiwanese students at the same time when implementing the policy for Mainland China students studying in Taiwan. iii. To decrease the impact and scruples due to the new policy, the government is obligated to establish a set of proper plans when admitting Mainland China students. iv. Each university in Taiwan is responsible for developing the specific characteristic and promoting the education quality. v. Promote the strategic alliance between the two sides of Taiwan Strait and integrate the cooperation between industry, government and science to strengthen the overall competitiveness of the universities in Taiwan and China.