由羅伯.柯普朗(Robert Kaplan)與大衛.諾頓(David Norton)創始的平衡計分卡，自1992年推展以來受到各界廣泛的注意，哈佛商業評論其為75年來最具效力之管理工具，美國『Fortune』雜誌一千大企業中已有超過半數導入平衡計分卡。近年來，平衡計分卡也逐漸受到國內企業界的重視，許多的研究針對平衡計分卡在民營企業的導入與效益多所探討;但是在公營單位的研究則相對較少，由於公營單位在組織架構與管理方法有明顯的不同，實有必要對平衡計分卡在公營單位應用的實務作進一步的研究。 本研究以一公營自來水事業單為研究對象，探討公營單位如何建立其平衡計分卡制度。本研究認為公營單位導入平衡計分卡的步驟為: 1.釐清組織使命、願景與擬定策略重點， 2. 根據策略重點發展公司層級策略目標， 3.建立公司層級策略因果關係圖， 4.訂定策略性關鍵績效指標， 5.設計發展策略行動方案。 另本研究以技術面、組織面、人為面與程序探討個案導入平衡計分卡過程面臨的問題，並提出建議。 / The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) has widely drawn attention from industries since it has been founded by Kaplan and Norton in 1992. Harvard Business Review praises it as the most powerful management scheme for over the past 75 years. More than half of 「Fortune」1000 cpmpanies have introduced BSC to measure their strategic performance. In recent years, BSC also catches the attention from local companies. Many studies were published to reveal the practice and effectiveness of BSC implemented to private sectors. The study to public sectors, however, is relatively less popular than private ones. Public sector is different from private ones both in organization hierarchy and ways of management. Therefore, it is important to study more about how BSC implemented to public sectors. This research conducts a case study of how BSC implemented to public sectors by adopting BSC to a public water supply division. It was found from this research that the steps to implement BSC to public sector are, 1. Calrify organization’s mision and vision, define strategy theme. 2. Develop company level strategy objectives based on strategy theme. 3. Develop company level strategy map. 4. Define company level key performance indicator. 5. Develop strategy initiatives. This research also reveals the problems resulted from the BSC implementation in term of organizational, human related, technical and procedure aspects. Rrelative suggestions are proposed by this reseacher to eliminate the problems.