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王符乃東漢之政論家，所撰《潛夫論》一書，載述當時政治、經濟、社會風俗等情實，史料至為豐富。范曄《後漢書》中謂其「指訐時短，討謫物情」，既「譏當時得失」，又「觀當時風政」，明白揭示王符《潛夫論》對於研究東漢的史學價值。 本文以《潛夫論》所記載為經，以東漢之政治問題為緯，延伸《潛夫論》所記載之史實，比對其他兩漢史料，將王符《潛夫論》所表達之政治思想作一整體的耙梳。第二章起，乃針對王符及其《潛夫論》作陳述。先簡述王符之生平、經歷、思想淵源，以及《潛夫論》成書與內容。第三章就東漢政治思想源泉，以及政治和社會風氣，討論《潛夫論》所反映之東漢政治問題。第四章乃討論王符之五大政治理論：務本、重法、德化、用賢、實邊。王符的政治理論最大特色在於現實性極強，故本章也就王符《潛夫論》政治理論，及其對於東漢時政、時俗所提出之各項批判與解決之道提出討論。第五章為結論，闡釋《潛夫論》反映政治問題及政治思想所展現之時代價值。 關鍵字：王符、潛夫論、東漢政治 / Wang Fu was a political commentator of East Han Dynasty. His book “Qian Fu Lun” described the politics, economy, and social norms at that time with rich content. Fan Hua suggested in his “Post Han Book” that Wang used criticism to ridicule the gain and loss at that time, and observed the politics, indicating that Wang’s Qian Fu Lun” was important to the study of historiography of East Han. This paper, based on the records in “Qian Fu Lun” and political problems during East Han, extended the historical facts recorded in “Qian Fu Lun” and compared the data with the contents in other two records of Han history, in order to organize the political thoughts expressed in Wang’s “Qian Fu Lun”. Chapter 2 introduces Wang Fu and his “Qian Fu Lun”, including his biography, experience, origin of thoughts, and compilation and contents of “Qian Fu Lun”. Chapter 3 discusses the political problems of East Han reflected in “Qian Fu Lun”, from the perspectives of the origin of political thoughts in East Han, and political and social norms. Chapter 4 presents the five political theories of Wang Fu, which are practicality, emphasis on the laws, advocacy of morals, recruitment of virtuous personnel, and solidifying the borderline. The main characteristic of Wang’s political theories is its realism. Therefore, this chapter also discusses the criticisms and suggestions proposed by Wang in his “Qian Fu Lun” concerning the political situation and social norms during East Han Dynasty. Chapter 5 is the conclusion, and expounds the time values of the political problems and thoughts reflected in “Qian Fu Lun”. Keywords: Wang Fu, Qian Fu Lun, politics in East Han / 摘要 I Abstract II 目錄 III 表目錄 IV 第壹章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機 1 第二節 文獻探討 2 第貳章 王符生平、思想淵源及著作 5 第一節 王符生平 5 （一）關於生卒年 6 （二）關於生平 9 第二節 王符的思想淵源 15 第三節《潛夫論》撰作時間與內容 19 第參章 東漢初年的政治問題 23 第一節 中央政府的腐敗 23 (一) 外戚宦官交替專權： 23 (二) 統治集團內部殘殺： 30 (三) 吏治腐敗，豪族地主勢力膨脹與農民起義 31 第二節 重利浮奢敗壞社會風氣 34 第三節 赦宥頻繁 40 第四節 東漢中後期邊疆形勢 48 第五節 《潛夫論》之思想背景 53 第肆章 王符《潛夫論》的政治思想及其貢獻 56 第一節 五大政治理論：務本、重法、德化、用賢、實邊 57 第二節 民為邦本，以民為基 76 第三節 選賢舉能，考名責實 83 第四節 重視邊防、禦寇實邊 90 第伍章 結論 101 參考文獻 104