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慢性腎臟病患者的睡眠:心理及行為因素之影響 / Sleep in Chronic Kidney Disease: the Impact of Psychological and Behavioral Factors.林昱萱, Lin, Yu Hsuan Unknown Date (has links)
研究目的 對於慢性腎臟病患者而言,睡眠困擾是十分常見的問題。過去相關研究中,研究對象較偏重於已進入透析治療的患者,且大多著重於探討人口學及臨床變項,而忽略了心理及行為因素(例如睡前激發狀態、睡眠衛生行為)的影響。本研究試圖改善過去研究之不足,釐清心理及行為因子在慢性腎臟病患者的睡眠問題中所扮演之角色。
研究方法 本研究採橫斷性調查研究,於腎臟科門診及血液透析室招募第三期到第五期(eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m2)的慢性腎臟病患者。最終納入分析的個案共有152人,其中77人為未達尿毒症的慢性腎臟病患者,75人為穩定接受血液透析治療(3個月以上)的尿毒症患者。受試者需完成匹茲堡睡眠品質量表、失眠嚴重度量表、睡眠衛生行為量表、睡前激發狀態量表、醫院焦慮與憂鬱量表,並且回答和不寧腿症候群、疼痛及皮膚癢程度相關的問題,此外,本研究亦從病歷紀錄中抄錄相關的檢驗數値以及共病情形。
研究結果 未透析患者約有29.9%睡眠品質不佳、23.4%有失眠問題;而血液透析患者約有57.3%睡眠品質不佳、28.0%有失眠的問題。血液透析患者和未透析患者相比,其睡眠品質顯著較差,且失眠較為嚴重。迴歸分析結果顯示,MMSE得分較低、共病較多、疼痛程度較高、和焦慮相關行為較多可預測較差的睡眠品質,而焦慮與憂鬱情緒較高、焦慮相關行為較多、和認知激發程度較高可預測較嚴重的失眠。未透析患者的睡眠問題主要是受到和激發相關的行為或認知活動的影響,而血液透析患者的睡眠則較容易受到疾病和症狀相關因素的影響。
結論 疾病與臨床因素、身體症狀、以及睡眠心理及行為相關因素對於慢性腎臟病患者的睡眠有所影響,但對於未透析和已透析的患者,其影響因素和影響程度可能不同。
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高中生睡眠型態與學業表現的關係 / The Relationship between Sleep Pattern and Academic Performance in Senior High School Students周舒翎, Chou, Shu Ling Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要目的在探討高中生的睡眠型態與學業表現的關係,試圖分析睡眠時間量及睡眠的規律性與其課業表現以及睡眠相關現象(白天嗜睡程度及睡眠品質)的關係,並探討白天嗜睡及睡眠品質之中介效果及以日夜節律型態之調節效果。本研究以自填「青少年睡眠習慣問卷」,對台灣北區普通高中及綜合高中中學術學程的高中生進行調查,採群集抽樣的方式進行,共進行42個班級施測,發出1,650份問卷,取得有效問卷1,308份樣本分別以日夜節律型態類型及高低成就動機兩種分類方式進行分析,主要研究結果如下:
1.夜貓型高中生之週間週末規律性變項對於學業表現具有影響力。
2.白日型高中生之週間規律性變項對於學業表現具影響力。
3.以高低成就動機分組,兩組之睡眠型態變項對於學業影響力皆未達顯著性。
4.白天嗜睡及睡眠品質在兩種分類分析下,皆無中介效果。
本研究初步結果支持夜貓型高中生在維持週間週末某種程度睡眠規律性對於學業表現具有相當的影響性,而早晨型在週間內維持其規律性也是對於其學業表現是具有顯著影響性,也就是依其日夜節律型態在其睡眠型態維持自己生活作息的規律性,而不在時間點或睡眠量的多寡來作要求,也許對於正值課業壓力或生心理高度變化的青少年時期會是更合適的睡眠作息。 / The purposes of this study are to explore the relationship of the sleep pattern with academic performance, day time sleepiness and sleep quality in senior high school students. Data were collected by sleep pattern questionnaire of the adolescent. The participants included 1650 students form the 10th grade to 12th grade, recruited form senior high schools in Taipei. Using stratified cluster sampling method. There were 1308 of valid questionnaires obtained. The major results are as follow:
(1) The variablity of the sleep-wake pattern between weekdays and weekends has significant influences on academic performace in the evening type students.
(2) The variablity of the sleep-wake pattern during weekdays showed significant influences on academic performace in the morening type students.
(3) In both the high and low achievement motivation groups, sleep pattern showed no significant associations with academic performance.
(4) The mediation effect of daytime sleepiness and sleep quality were not proven in all the data analyses.
In coclusion, the results indicate that in evening type students, maintaining regularity of sleep pattern between weekdays and weekends would be beneficial to their academic performance; and in the morning type students, keeping regular weekday sleep-wake schedules seem to be more important for better academic performance. Therefore, when considering the influences on academic performance, regularity of sleep seem to be more important than quantity of sleep in high schoolers.
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