本研究以民國71年度至95年度臺北市財政收入結構的變化為主要探討對象，包括了臺北市自有財源與非自有財源，其自有財源以臺北市稅課收入及財產收入為主，非自有財源則以補助款收入為主，分析瞭解臺北市財政收入之現況、問題所在及其影響因素，並以迴歸分析印證之。 臺北市自有財源占歲入或歲出平均高達98%，其中平均有78%來自稅課收入，表臺北市政府財政豐裕且自主性高，依賴上級的程度低，並有穩定的地方稅課收入，以支應地方自治團體之自治事項。 稅課收入是臺北市政府歲入主要來源，最重要的稅目來源分別為營業稅、中央統籌分配稅款、土地增值稅、地價稅、房屋稅、使用牌照稅、印花稅、契稅、煙酒稅、娛樂稅等，而田賦、教育捐、屠宰稅對臺北市稅收貢獻趨於式微。其實證估計結果發現，稅課收入受到每人臺北市各類營利事業營業額、每人歲出及財政收支劃分法修正的影響。 財產收入包括了財產孳息收入、財產收回及售價收入等細項。近年來財產收入的重要性雖大幅提高，但其來源收入大不如前。實證估計結果發現，財產收入受到每人每年經常性所得、每人歲出、財政收支劃分法修正及87年度單一因素的影響。 補助款收入71年度至95年度平均占歲出的比重均小於0.56%，及至91年度以來有逐年增加的趨勢，仍顯示臺北市對補助款的依賴程度低，財政豐裕且自主性高，自有財源比例足以支應支出需要，與其他地方政府亟須上級的補助款以支應財政支出之情況有別。實證估計結果發現，補助款收入受到每人稅課收入及65歲以上老年人口比例的影響。

The aim of this paper is to illustrate the recent situation of the VAT system in China, including its problems as well as reforming trends within it, in order to provide promising further research paradigms. The research methods adopted exploratory studies to find out the major problems of the VAT system. To clearly describe the problems, statistical analyses are performed and quantitative data is used to supplement the qualitative analysis. Moreover, to discuss the problems of the Chinese VAT system, this paper compares the Chinese VAT system with other countries, especially Taiwan, in order to give a detailed description of its problems. The results of this study show that the Chinese government only concentrates on how much revenue it can collect but ignores tax equity and tax neutrality as well as low income groups. The conclusions of this study show that the problems of the imperfect VAT system and the changing economic conditions of China have resulted in double taxation, an unfair tax burden, an unreasonable threshold, complex VAT rates, and a gradual worsening of local fiscal conditions. In comparisons between GDP growth and VAT revenue growth, VAT revenue growth exceeded the GDP growth. One of the major reasons is rapid economic growth. Other reasons are that price indices increase every year and, also, China adopts gross income-type VAT which results in double tax on capital investment. Another probable reason is an increased effectivity and efficiency of China’s tax administration. Analysis of these problems shows that the Chinese government needs to improve not only its VAT system but also the taxation system and its fiscal system.