台灣半導體產業發展成熟，產業群聚效應明顯，供應鏈完整。基於晶圓製造過程中成本花費考量，若能尋找設備、零組件、材料原廠以外的第二來源，對於台灣半導體廠商而言，除了有機會降低成本，也能不受到原廠的牽制。另外，台廠期望能透過自主開發生產設備來取代設備的高額進口成本，然而目前本土設備廠商自主開發前段製程設備能力有限，向外尋求關鍵技術之合作為良好的解決方案。筆者思考這兩個方面是否能透過與俄羅斯合作，成功突破目前的情況。 本論文針對俄羅斯半導體產業過去發展、現況與未來發展進行研究，同時了解台灣與全球半導體產業現況及發展前景。運用文獻檢閱法搜集全球、台灣、俄羅斯半導體產業現有資料。筆者也使用訪問法，自行設計訪談問題，以台灣及俄羅斯半導體產業專家為對象進行訪談，並將搜集到的第一手資料資料進行整理，以Rugman 與 Verbeke的「雙鑽石模型」，分別為「生產因素條件」、「需求條件」、「相關及支援性產業」、「企業策略、結構與競爭」，以及第五個因素「政府」作為理論架構，分析台灣與俄羅斯半導體產業發展現況，並提出雙方可能合作機會與策略之建議。 研究發現俄羅斯科學基礎研究實力豐厚，晶片應用著重在軍事、航太等方面，晶片生產朝向少量多樣方向發展。從俄羅斯政府許多政策上可以其支持國內微電子產業的發展，並期望微電子產業的振興能帶動國內其他產業的升級。台灣晶圓製造能力強，供應鏈完整，應用領域主要專注於資通訊方面，雙方競爭可能性低。台灣在基礎研究與設備開發所需技術方面，實力較為不足，與俄羅斯進行技術合作可謂實現設備國產化的策略之一。經由理論架構分析，台灣與俄羅斯進行技術合作，有望能縮短設備開發所需的時日。台灣供應鏈及先進製造能力，能為俄羅斯特殊晶片提供生產製造、封裝檢測等服務。台俄雙方在半導體領域的合作機會大，可互相補足缺口，促成產業升級。 / The semiconductor industry in Taiwan is well developed. Because of the high cost of wafer manufacturing process, having a second source of equipment, components, and materials would be beneficial for Taiwanese semiconductor companies. The cost of production and dependency on original equipment suppliers will decrease. In addition, Taiwanese companies seek the opportunity to be self-reliant on developing production equipment in order to reduce the high cost of importing equipment. However, the capacity of Taiwanese equipment manufacturers is limited. Cooperate with foreign companies on key technology is the preferable solution. This thesis focuses on the cooperation with Russia companies and check whether Taiwanese companies can have a breakthrough at current situation. This study includes the past, present, and the future development of Taiwanese and Russian semiconductor industry. Literature review and interview method are two main research methods. Collecting current reference of global, Taiwanese, and Russian semiconductor industry and primary sources from the interview with semiconductor industry experts, the author conducts an analysis on the development of the semiconductor industry in Taiwan and Russia with the “Double Diamond” model of Rugman and Verbeke. The analysis factors include “Factors conditions”, “Demand conditions”, “Related and supporting industries”, and “Government.” Further, this research proposes advice for cooperation and strategies. Through theoretical analysis, technical cooperation between Taiwan and Russia is expected to shorten the develop time of equipment. Industrial supply chain and advanced manufacturing capacity in Taiwan can provide manufacturing, packaging and testing service for Russia. Cooperation between Taiwan and Russia in the field of semiconductor can complement each other and will promote industrial upgrading.