University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

O cloridrato de prometazina constitui um potente antihistamínico, pertencente ao grupo das fenotiazinas, é comercializado sob várias formas farmacêuticas, isolado ou associado a outros fármacos. A decomposição oxidativa do cloridrato de prometazina é relativamente intensa em meio aquoso. No presente trabalho verificou-se a estabilidade do cloridrato de prometazina em preparações farmacêuticas injetáveis, contendo diferentes associações de agentes antioxidantes, aplicando-se como método de análise a espectrofotometria no ultravioleta. Pela cromatografia em camada delgada foi possível separar e identificar o produto de degradação, o sulfóxido de prometazina. Armazenaram-se as diferentes formulações foram armazenadas em estufas termostatizadas de 37°C, 50°C e 70°C por um período de 84 dias. Em intervalos de tempos pré-estabelecidos, analisaram-se as amostras quanto ao conteúdo de cloridrato de prometazina pela metodologia analítica proposta. Através dos resultados experimentais avaliou-se a cinética de decomposição do cloridrato de prometazina, e determinaram-se os prazos de validade (t90 a 25°C) para cada formulação. Selecionou-se o sistema antioxidante mais efetivo. / Promethazine hydrochloride constittites a strong antihistamine, that belongs to the phenothiazine group, commercialized under pharmaceutical dosage forms, being isolated or associated to other drugs. The oxiditive decomposition of promethazine hydrocloride is relatively intense in aqueous solution. In the present investigation, the stability of injectable promethazine hydrocloride, containning different associations of antioxidants, was evaluated. The spectrophotometric method was applied in the analyses. By means of thin layer chromatography was possible to separate and identify the sulphoxide of promethazine. Different formulations were stored in thermostatted incubators at 37°C, 50°C and 70°C for a period of 84 days, and assayed at apropriate intervals. Through the experimental results, the thermal decomposition kinetic of promethazine hydrocloride was evaluated, and the expiration date (t90 at 25°C) for each formulation was determined. The most effective antioxidant system was seleted.

O cloridrato de prometazina constitui um potente antihistamínico, pertencente ao grupo das fenotiazinas, é comercializado sob várias formas farmacêuticas, isolado ou associado a outros fármacos. A decomposição oxidativa do cloridrato de prometazina é relativamente intensa em meio aquoso. No presente trabalho verificou-se a estabilidade do cloridrato de prometazina em preparações farmacêuticas injetáveis, contendo diferentes associações de agentes antioxidantes, aplicando-se como método de análise a espectrofotometria no ultravioleta. Pela cromatografia em camada delgada foi possível separar e identificar o produto de degradação, o sulfóxido de prometazina. Armazenaram-se as diferentes formulações foram armazenadas em estufas termostatizadas de 37°C, 50°C e 70°C por um período de 84 dias. Em intervalos de tempos pré-estabelecidos, analisaram-se as amostras quanto ao conteúdo de cloridrato de prometazina pela metodologia analítica proposta. Através dos resultados experimentais avaliou-se a cinética de decomposição do cloridrato de prometazina, e determinaram-se os prazos de validade (t90 a 25°C) para cada formulação. Selecionou-se o sistema antioxidante mais efetivo. / Promethazine hydrochloride constittites a strong antihistamine, that belongs to the phenothiazine group, commercialized under pharmaceutical dosage forms, being isolated or associated to other drugs. The oxiditive decomposition of promethazine hydrocloride is relatively intense in aqueous solution. In the present investigation, the stability of injectable promethazine hydrocloride, containning different associations of antioxidants, was evaluated. The spectrophotometric method was applied in the analyses. By means of thin layer chromatography was possible to separate and identify the sulphoxide of promethazine. Different formulations were stored in thermostatted incubators at 37°C, 50°C and 70°C for a period of 84 days, and assayed at apropriate intervals. Through the experimental results, the thermal decomposition kinetic of promethazine hydrocloride was evaluated, and the expiration date (t90 at 25°C) for each formulation was determined. The most effective antioxidant system was seleted.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Rhode Island, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-110).

Thesis (PhD (Pharmacology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI Company.

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This dissertation studies interlocking representations of travel and drugs in contemporary American, British, and Canadian novels, exploring how those thematics alternately destabilize and assuage subjectivity, genre, and the perception of space. Following a prefatory chapter, Chapters Two and Three serve as a two-part introduction. The first part articulates a theoretical lens I designate by enclosing the word “tripping,” a colloquialism for a drug experience, in quotation marks. Through this lens, I examine travel and drugs in contemporary fiction indebted to sixties counterculture. In Chapter Three, I examine the work of William S. Burroughs and Aldous Huxley, contextualizing their mid-twentieth-century travel and drugs as foundational to later twentieth-century “tripping.” Chapter Four treats Huxley’s novel, Island, as a revision of the foundations I outline in the previous chapter; his instantiation and critique of utopia via “tripping” help conceptualize the psychedelic experience as protective spatial movement – physical mobility instead of psychedelic fungibility – in the service of preserving a stable sense of self. Chapter Five discusses Alex Garland’s The Beach, in which drugs reveals the limitations of utopian thought by underscoring the paradoxical notion of immobility hidden within the supposed freedom of mobility. In these novels, Huxley and Garland depict travel as a key to the process of rendering psychedelic intoxication knowable in familiar terms. Chapters Six and Seven, in exploring Hunter S. Thompson and Robert Sedlack, shift toward defamiliarizing conventional modes of travel using some of the radical possibilities of drug intoxication. Chapter Six examines Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, a text which, instead of attempting to understand inassimilable drug experiences by spatializing the drugged mind, explores mind-alteration as a way of understanding the postmodern space of Las Vegas that emerges following the demise of the counterculture. Chapter Seven constructs a reading of Sedlack’s The African Safari Papers, examining ways its representation of self-conscious tourism, inflected by intoxication and Thompson-inspired excess, deploys the figures of the shaman and of animals to complicate conventional understandings of tourism. Thompson and Sedlack explore how the subjectivities of domestic and global tourists are reshaped by, rather than resist, the radical alterity introduced by the drug experience. / Thesis (Ph.D, English) -- Queen's University, 2008-04-22 09:48:58.443 / Queen's University; Ontario Graduate Scholarship

This thesis is fo cused on the construction of optimal designs for detecting drug interaction using the two-variable binary logistic mo del. Two sp eci c mo dels are considered: (1) the binary two-variable logistic mo del without interaction, and (2) the binary two-variable logistic mo del with interaction. The two explanatory variables are assumed to b e doses of two drugs that may or may not interact when jointly administered to sub jects. The main ob jective of the thesis is to algebraically construct the optimal designs. However, numerical computations are used for constructing optimal designs in cumb ersome cases. The problem of constructing optimal designs is to allo cate weights to sp eci c p oints of the design space in such a way that information asso ciated with mo del parameters is maximized and the variances of the mean resp onses are minimized. Sp eci cally, the D-optimality criterion discussed in this thesis minimizes the determinant of the asymptotic variance-covariance matrix of the estimates of the mo del parameters. The numb er of supp ort p oints of the D-optimal designs for the two- variable binary logistic mo del without interaction varies from 3 to 6. Supp ort p oints are equally weighted only in case of the 3-p oint designs and in some sp ecial cases of the 4-p oint designs. The numb er of supp ort p oints of the D-optimal designs for the two-variable binary logistic mo del with interaction varies from 4 to 8. Supp ort p oints are equally weighted only in case of the 4-p oint designs and in some sp ecial cases of 8-p oint designs. Numerous examples are given to illustrate theoretical results. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2009.