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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
731

Risker med läkemedelsetiketter som används vid iordningställande på barnsjukhus : En undersökning av vilka etikettattribut som kan finnas på en framtida standard för etiketter inom barnsjukvården.

Suleiman Abdu, Lina January 2022 (has links)
Risks with drug labels used in preparation of medicines in pediatric hospitals Background: Dosing and preparation of medicines can be challenging and risky. Therefore, drug labels are often used by healthcare personnel when preparing medicines for hospitalized patients. There is a lack of information on how the labels should be designed and how much information they should contain. However, the National Board of Health and Welfare has required that all labels need to contain seven attributes. Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyse risks associated with labels used in pediatric care, and to investigate which attributes a standardized drug label should contain to increase patient safety. Methods: A survey was answered by pharmacist from different hospitals in Sweden. In addition, the pharmacists were asked to send pictures of labels. A risk analysis was performed to calculate the risk-level of identified label attributes.  Results: Different systems are in use for labeling when preparing medicines in Swedish hospitals, including commercial and self-developed systems. The study showed that none of the 54 collected labels complied with the National requirements. However, many labels contained additional attributes. This study identified 18 different label attributes that had different impact on patient safety as valued by pharmacists working in pediatric wards, for example barcodes to quickly look up important information. Conclusion: It is important to optimize labels used in hospitals when preparing medicines, particularly in pediatric care where the usage of off-label drugs and medication errors are common. Further studies are needed to understand the best design of labels and to increase patient safety in pediatric care.
732

Utvärdering av ny farmaceutisk arbetsmetod för förstärkt läkemedelsinformation från patientperspektiv

Andersson, Erik January 2022 (has links)
Background and objectiveFollowing signs of lacking drug related information for inpatients in the orthopedic care unit of Mälarsjukhuset, Eskilstuna, a clinical pharmacist intervention comprised of bedside reconciliation for newly prescribed drugs prior to discharge combined with information leaflets for home use was enacted by the care unit. The aim of this study was to evauluate this intervention from the patients perspective to identify areas in need of improvement DesignA mixed method approach consisting of a questionnaire based on ”Nationella patientenkäten” and telephone interviews was used. Patients that were included in the intervention and accepted participation in this study were either sent questionnaires through the digital tool Webropol or recieved telephone interviews between w. 4-17 2022. Results from the questionnaire were compiled and analyzed for statistical dispersion while inductive content analysis based in grounded theory was used to analyze the results from the interviews. SettingOrthopedic care ward, Mälarsjukhuset Eskilstuna Main outcome measuresIdentification of key areas in need of improvement or further analysis to optimize the current intervention procedure at the care unit from the patients standpoint. ResultsOut of 40 people who recieved the intervention, 25 participated in the questionnaire and 9 in the interviews. Key themes and categories from the interview analysis combined with the quantitative questionaire data, while generelly positive, pointed toward optimization of the information content and stremlining of the process at the care unit as the two main areas in need of improvement ConclusionsWhile mostly appreciated by the study group, the current intervention procedure requires further optimization to become an effective and fully integrated part of the routines at the orthopedic care unit Note on conflict of interest: The study was financed in whole by Läkemedelscentrum Sörmland which also employs the clinical pharmacists working in the orthopedic care unit.
733

Expression of the Sloppymerase™ in NIH/3T3 Cells: Exploring the Versatility of an Error Prone Fusion Polymerase

Mattsson, Mikaela January 2021 (has links)
The aim of this project is to assess the versatility of the Sloppymerase by performing stable transfection in NIH/3T3 cells and decide whether this cell line can be a candidate for further research on the Sloppymerase as a cancer model. The American cancer society predicts 1,806,590 new cancer cases in the US in 2020. To understand and by extension prevent the disease progress of cancer, proper cancer modeling is essential. The Sloppymerase is a 2-subunit fusion polymerase that has been designed by Ola Söderberg group. The Sloppymerase gene is carried by an inducible expression vector and consists of the 5’ to 3’ exonuclease subunit from Polymerase 1 and the translesion synthesis polymerase (TLS) Polymerase η. The Sloppymerase has a low fidelity and can insert mismatching nucleotides which can lead to mutations that eventually can lead to cancer. NIH/3T3 cells were grown on cell culture plates and an antibiotic kill curve was established to determine the optimal concentration of the selection antibiotics. Transfected cells were selected with Geneticin to create a stable cell line and the gene expression of the Sloppymerase was induced with Doxycycline. The RNA was extracted from cell lysate from the induced cells and was thereafter purified followed by RT-q-PCR. The protein expression was examined with Western blotting. Transcription of the Sloppymerase gene was confirmed with RT-q-PCR and stable transfection was thereby verified. No bands were seen in the Western blot and therefore protein expression has not yet been validated. Further studies are needed to examine the theoretical cancerous effects of the Sloppymerase.
734

En kvalitativ studie om integritet på öppenvårdsapotek, ur farmaceuters perspektiv

Ayoub, Mery January 2022 (has links)
No description available.
735

Analysis of Sexual Lubricants as a Form of Trace Evidence for Sexual Assault Cases

Baumgarten, Brooke 01 January 2021 (has links) (PDF)
A major gap in sexual assault casework is demonstrated when DNA is not recovered. Oftentimes, if DNA evidence is not present on the collection swabs, the sexual assault kit (SAK) is not further analyzed. Due to the "CSI effect," DNA is commonly understood as highly identifiable evidence, potentially leading to increased condom usage to eliminate or reduce DNA transfer during a sexual assault. Therefore, the analysis of condoms and sexual lubricants is pertinent. The purpose of this research is to develop analytical protocols to potentially connect unknown substances recovered in a SAK to known lubricant reference samples. Sexual lubricants were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and direct analysis in real time-high resolution mass spectrometry. Analytical protocols were developed using 162 sexual lubricants comprised of bottled lubricants, condoms, and personal hygiene products. A statistical model was developed from 112 of the samples using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to determine appropriate sample groupings that resulted in at least 97% accurate classification for each instrument. Assigned truth classes for the remaining 50 samples were developed using Pearson correlation coefficients (PCCs) to predict classification accuracy for unknown samples. The FTIR data resulted in a 96% accurate prediction, 54% for GC-MS, and 42% for DART-HRMS, showing the need for expansion of the sample set in future analysis. Potential storage conditions of SAK swabs were evaluated using PCCs to identify optimal swab storage conditions, which was determined to be a humidity-controlled environment around 22 °C. Then, post-coital swab samples from volunteers using an unknown condom were analyzed using the developed protocols. The data was analyzed using PCC, PCA, and LDA to compare the classification to the "ground truth" of the sample to determine potential applications of this research in SAK analysis.
736

Pharmaceutical counselling through a videoconference call : A feasibility study

Wästerby, Emma January 2022 (has links)
Background: It is well known that patients' adherence to chronic drug treatment is low and in developed countries it is estimated to be 50 percent. In other European countries, pharmaceutical services are already offered but this is not done in Sweden yet. The pharmaceutical services are aimed at specific patient groups to improve drug utilization and adherence in patients with chronic drug treatment.  Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether it was feasible to develop and conduct pharmaceutical counselling through a videoconference call since pharmaceutical services have not been offered through videoconference calls before.Method: Material for the intervention was developed by the researcher. The study was conducted during October and November 2021, customers were recruited from two pharmacies in Uppsala. The intervention was evaluated based on how the pharmacist and customers used the material developed for the pharmaceutical service. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted to evaluate customers experience of the pharmaceutical service  Results: The five customers who participated in the study were satisfied with the experience of the pharmaceutical service and thought the technology worked well. However, customers had different experiences of how useful the material developed for the service was. Conclusion: It was feasible to offer pharmaceutical counselling as a videoconference call. However, the study population was small and had little diversity. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the pharmaceutical service in terms of improved adherence and drug utilization.
737

Kartläggning av nya läkemedelssubstanser och kostnader inom olika läkemedelsgrupper

Nybond, Moa January 2023 (has links)
Background: Pharmaceuticals are a big part of healthcare expenditures. Advancements such as the sequencing of the human genome and technical methods has led to the development of more advanced drugs. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore the trends in new drug development areas and the costs of drugs in different therapy areas. Method: To do this, data from the Swedish Medical Products Agency, e-Hälsomyndigheten and the 20 biggest pharmaceutical companies regarding new approved drugs during a 20-year period, costs and new chemical entities in late development stage has been analyzed. Results: Each year, between 20 and 60 new drugs are approved. New chemical entities are most prevalent in the ATC-group L, which includes oncology and immunomodulating drugs. Innovation is also seen in group J, antiinfectives. The cost of drugs has increased during the study period, especially for oncology drugs. In the coming years, we can expect the introduction of even more oncology drugs, as mostdrugs in later development phases are expected to be classified in this group. Conclusion: Over the studied period, the most innovative therapeutic group has not changed but rather grown. The cost of drugs has also grown, possibly because of more new drugs introduced but also due to expanded indications and larger patient groups. It is hard to see a future where oncology drugs are not the biggest cost since in the coming years, many of the expected new drugs will fall into the same category.
738

Kan ljuskänslighet orsakad av diuretika ge en ökad risk för hudcancer? : En systematisk littratur översikt.

Jalbout, Ghadeer January 2023 (has links)
No description available.
739

Block Copolymer Stabilized Self-Assembled Magnetic Nanoparticles

Zhang, Li 01 January 2004 (has links)
Magnetic materials are currently being developed in the areas of pharmacology and medicinal chemistry for use in applications such as drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic fluids are being used in audio equipment and hard disk drives. Their suspension in a particular fluid is promoted by the adsorption or reaction of steric or electrostatic stabilizers, which are appropriate for the particular medium. Critical to the success of these magnetic fluids is the development of the steric stabilizers, which must prevent the coagulation of the metal particles. Polymeric materials are one of the most suitable nonmagnetic media to disperse the magnetic nanoparticles, forming polymeric nanocomposites in ferrofluids. We have developed strategies in molecular nanoscience to design polymeric systems for stabilization of magnetic nanoparticles. Ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) was used to prepare a series of novel, well-defined diblock copolymers of bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene 2-carboxylic acid 2-cyanoethyl ester and bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene, consisting of both anchoring and steric stabilizing blocks. Both ester and cyano groups were incorporated into the polymers to chelate and stabilize the iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles. These polynorbornene-based copolymers were characterized by GPC, along with 1H NMR, FTIR, DSC, and TGA. Using diblock copolymers as stabilizers, nanostructured maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) magnetic ferrofluids were prepared in toluene or cyclohexanone via thermal decomposition of Fe(CO)5 and then the oxidation of iron nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images showed a highly crystalline structure of the γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, with average particle size varying from 5 to 7 nm. Polymer films containing iron oxide nanoclusters were also prepared from the diblock copolymers. For comparison, a commercial triblock copolymer (BASF PluronicR F127) surfactant was used to prepare stabilized ferrofluids. In addition to γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, other types of magnetic nanoparticles, such as FePt, were investigated using this triblock copolymer as a stabilizer. The results indicated that the norbornene diblock copolymers could also be used for the preparation of FePt stabilized magnetic ferrofluids in the future research work.
740

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Assay for Determination of Cromolyn Sodium in Skin Permeation Studies

Holman, Miranda K., Brown, Stacy D., Frempong, Dorcas, Puri, Ashana, Dinh, Steven 01 January 2022 (has links)
Cromolyn sodium (CS) is a mast cell stabilizer administered to treat allergic diseases. A topical system would sustain its delivery and may be designed for treatment of atopic dermatitis. Established HPLC protocols for detection of CS are time consuming and intensive, indicating the need for a more streamlined method. This study aimed at developing and validating a sensitive and selective LC-MS method for quantifying CS in skin permeation studies that was less time and resource demanding. The optimized method involved an isocratic mobile phase (10 mM NHHCO, pH 8.0, 90% and ACN, 10%) at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. Detection involved direct MS/MS channels with m/z 467.0255 (precursor) and / 379.0517 (fragment) using argon as the collision gas. CS calibrants were prepared in PBS, pH 7.4, and methanol for validation (0.1-2.5 g/mL). To ensure no skin interference, dermatomed porcine skin was mounted on Franz diffusion cells that were analyzed after 24 h. The skin layers were also separated, extracted in methanol, and analyzed using the developed method. Retention time was 1.9 min and 4.1 min in methanol and buffer, respectively. No interfering peaks were observed from the receptor and skin extracts, and linearity was established between 0.1 and 2.5 g/mL. Interday and intraday accuracy and precision were within the acceptable limit of ±20% at the LLOQ and ±15% at other concentrations. Overall, the simplified, validated method showed sensitivity in detecting CS in skin without interference and was applied to demonstrate quantification of drug in skin following 4% cromolyn sodium gel exposure.

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