The object of this thesis is to study the multi-criteria linear fractional programming problems (MLFP). The characterizations of efficiency, weak efficiency and proper efficiency are derived. In the bicriteria case, the set E of all efficient solutions of (MLFP) is path-connected by a finite number of line segments and the efficient frontier F(E) can be evaluated by using the row parametric technique in linear programming. The weakly efficient (respectively, properly efficient) solutions can be generated by solving the generalized Tchebycheff norm problems (Tβ) (respectively, (βα)) with different parameters β and α. The set E[sup=W] of all weakly efficient solutions of (MLFP) is compact and path-connected by finitely many line segments. A dual problem is formulated which is a natural extension of the usual dual in linear programming, the Wolfe dual in nonlinear programming and the Isermann dual in multiple objective linear programming. Duality results are established under the assumption that the criteria are concave functions. The matrix of the dual variables of (MLFP) can be evaluated by solving L linear programs. A heuristic arrow search algorithm is developed for solving general multicriteria programming problems interactively. The decision maker merely selects his most preferred one amongst-the presented alternatives. Solutions generated are evenly distributed over the desired neighbourhood of the weakly efficient frontier. The algorithm is convergent in the bicriteria case, with appropriate convexity conditions. When applied to solve (MLFP), the arrow search algorithm uses only the linear programming techniques. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate

Program manipulation is defined as the automated or semi-automated tailoring, modification or transformation of software to achieve programs with improved performance or other characteristics or to adapt programs to alternative uses. Program manipulation programs (and other sorts of software tool as well) are characterized as "programs about programs" or meta-programs. It is proposed that the implementation of these meta-programs be aided by a new type of meta-tool, the meta-programming system, which is characterized by its systematic treatment of programs as data objects. In support of the meta-programming system concept, a grammar-based scheme (called GRAMPS) for specifying meta-programming systems is put forward. This scheme is illustrated in its particular application to the programming language Pascal (yielding a specification for the meta-programming system Pascal MPS). The suitability of GRAMPS-based systems for implementing meta-programs is evaluated through theoretical consideration of the properties of GRAMPS systems in general, and an analysis of programming experiments using Pascal MPS in particular. The use of meta-programming systems for program manipulation tasks is analysed with respect to several application areas. Meta-programming systems are compared with various alternatives for the implementation of program transformations. Several types of programming utility are discussed including the use of meta-programs to develop versions of target programs specialized for program analysis. The use of meta-programming systems in the implementation of syntactic editors and integrated program manipulation systems is also considered. The results presented support both the GRAMPS scheme itself and the grammar-based treatment of programs as data objects in general. From a theoretical viewpoint, GRAMPS was found to have four important completeness properties. From an experimental perspective, Pascal MPS was found to be generally convenient and practical for large-scale applications. In each of the application areas considered, the meta-programming system approach compared favorably with available alternatives. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of / Graduate

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