Thesis advisor: James P. Morken / The catalytic allylation of aldehydes, ketones, and imines is a very useful reaction for the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond in synthetic organic chemistry. There have been several successful reports of catalytic asymmetric reactions that use aldehydes as the substrate. However, there have been very few successful examples with ketones. Herein, a nickel-catalyzed allylation of dienones with the pinacol ester of allylboronic acid is presented. Based on 3,3’-reductive elimination, the relationship between the dienone structure and 1,2- and 1,6-regioselectvity has been studied. The development of a catalyzed asymmetric 1,2 allylation of dienones is also presented. / Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2008. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Chemistry.

Le développement de méthodes de synthèse asymétriques a largement été exploré au cours des vingt dernières années et en particulier par le biais de réactifs organométalliques. Bien que ces processus mènent à d’excellents résultats en terme d’énantiodiscrimination, l’objectif de cette thèse a été de développer de nouveaux outils de synthèse peu onéreux, respectueux des fonctions sensibles environantes et permettant l’accès aux composés attendus avec de bons rendements et excès énantiomériques. Dans cet optique, des triorganozincates de lithium chiraux ont été étudiés. Des méthodes d’alkylation et d’arylation 1,2 énantiosélectives d’aldéhydes, comportant comme partenaire chiral la (R)-N-(2-iso-butoxybenzyl)-1- phenyléthanamine, ont ainsi été développées et mises en application sur divers aldéhydes. Les alcools secondaires correspondants ont été obtenus avec de bons rendements (jusqu'à 83%) et d’excellents excès énantiomériques (jusqu'à 99%). Ces procédures ont ensuite été appliquées à la synthèse asymétrique de produits naturels et/ou bioactifs tels que la Spiromastilactone A, la (R)-Néobénodine et la (R)-Orphénadrine. Par ailleurs, la synthèse de nouveaux ligands de type amino-alcool a été développée dans le but ultime de désymétriser des substrats de type imines cycliques. / The development of new asymetric methodologies have been widely explored during the last twenty years and in particular through organometallic reagents. Although these processes lead to excellent results in terms of enantiodiscrimination, the goal of this thesis was to develop new tools: cheap, chemoselective and allowing the access to the desired compounds with high yields and enantiomeric excesses. In this context, chiral lithium triorganozincates have been studied. Enantioselective nucleophilic 1,2 alkylation and arylation of aldehydes reactions, including (R)-N-(2-iso-butoxybenzyl)-1-phenylethanamine as the chiral ligand, have been optimized toward various aldehydes. The expected secondary chiral alcohols have been obtained with good yields (up to 83%) and high enantiomeric excesses (up to 99%).These processes have been then applied to the asymmetric synthesis of naturals and/or bioactive compounds as Spiromastilactone A, (R)-Neobenodine and (R)-Orphenadrine. Finally, the access to new amino-alcohols have been developed with the ultimate goal to engage those species as the chiral partner when reacting chiral lithium zincates with imines.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-10-20T14:28:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 eloahpereiraavila.pdf: 19264165 bytes, checksum: c322eb3e55e26c89546b4e9982d62ba3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-10-21T13:12:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 eloahpereiraavila.pdf: 19264165 bytes, checksum: c322eb3e55e26c89546b4e9982d62ba3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-21T13:12:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 eloahpereiraavila.pdf: 19264165 bytes, checksum: c322eb3e55e26c89546b4e9982d62ba3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / As reações de adição 1,2 às iminas são uma ferramenta sintética de grande interesse para a obtenção de blocos de construção contendo grupos aminas e aminoácidos em seus esqueletos estruturais. Os compostos obtidos por esta via são de grande interesse farmacológico, industrial e demais produtos de química fina. Desta forma, é possível acessar não apenas substratos para a síntese de moléculas complexas, mas também compostos com propriedades biológicas relevantes. Assim, propusemos duas vertentes para obtenção de estruturas análogas: em um primeiro momento, o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para a obtenção de triclorometilaminas a partir da inserção do triclorometil carbânion gerado pela descarboxilação do sal tricloroacetato de potássio em um solvente aprótico em condições brandas e economicamente viável. Uma versão diastereosseletiva foi apresentada para a obtenção de um derivado enantiomericamente puro. Para uma melhor compreensão do mecanismo, cinética de descarboxilação, e formação de espécies envolvidas, foi utilizada a espectroscopia no Infravermelho por Transformada de Fourier com Reflexão Total Atenuada (ATR-FTIR) em tempo real, sendo possível medir a velocidade de decomposição, importância na adição dos reagentes e inferir a formação do ânion -CCl3. Em um segundo momento, propõe-se a síntese de derivados de α,β-diaminoácidos via catálise por ácido de Brønsted assimétrica a partir de uma reação do tipo Mannich entre azalactonas e iminas. Vários derivados de α,β-diaminácidos quirais foram preparados em bons rendimentos e alto controle da estereosseletividade. / 1,2-addition reactions to imines are a synthetic tool of great interest for obtaining building blocks containing amine and amino acid scaffolds with pharmacological interest, agrochemical industry and other fine chemicals. Therefore, it is possible to access not only substrates for the synthesis of complex molecules but also compounds of relevant biological properties. Thus, we proposed two strategies for preparation of those compounds: first, the development of a methodology to obtain trichloromethylamines from the addition of the trichloromethyl anion generated by the decarboxylation of the potassium trichloroacetate salt under mild and economically viable conditions was presented. A diastereoselective version was presented to obtain an enantiomerically pure derivative. For a better understanding of the mechanism, kinetics of decarboxylation, and the formation of involved species, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy with real attenuated Total Reflection (ATR-FTIR) was used. The data indicated the kinetics behavior, importance of the addition of the reagents as well as the formation of the -CCl3 anion. Second, the synthesis of α,β-diamino acid derivatives via asymmetric Brønsted acid catalyzed Mannich type reaction between azalactones and imines is also described. The chiral α,β-diamino acid derivatives were prepared in good yields and with near perfect diastereo- and enantioselectivities.