Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:51:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2797_1.pdf: 1487821 bytes, checksum: deb05b576c9f13d31b97ce829701a3b7 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / O Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) é um agente sexualmente transmissível capaz de infectar pele e mucosas, sendo o principal causador de câncer cervical e suas lesões precursoras, as Neoplasias Intraepiteliais Cervicais (NICs). A maioria dos casos de infecção pelo HPV regride espontaneamente, mesmo quando o vírus possui genótipo oncogênico. Sabe-se que os componentes genéticos e imunológicos do indivíduo assumem papel importante na eliminação do vírus. Vários estudos sugerem que alguns sítios polimórficos em genes de citocinas levam a variações nos níveis dessas moléculas, o que pode influenciar o desenvolvimento de câncer cervical em pacientes infectadas por HPV. Neste estudo avaliou-se a possível correlação entre a infecção por HPV de alto risco oncogênico e os polimorfismos existentes nas regiões +874 do gene INF-e 3 UTR +1188 do gene IL-12B em amostras de DNA de secreção vaginal. A população estudada foi composta de 76 mulheres saudáveis e 162 mulheres, HPV positivas, com lesão cervical, NIC I (45), NIC II (55), NIC III (53) e câncer cervical (9), na cidade de Recife Brasil. Ao ser avaliado o polimorfismo +874 (T/A), verificou-se que não houve diferença significativa nas distribuições genotípica (p = 0,4192) e alélica (p = 0,370) entre os grupos de pacientes e o grupo controle. Comparando-se as pacientes com NIC de baixo grau com as de alto grau, também não se verificou diferença genotípica (p = 0,8099) e alélica (p = 1,00). Para o gene IL-12B, a presença do genótipo AA (p = 0,009) e do alelo A (p = 0,0038) estavam mais presentes no grupo de pacientes com lesão cervical que no grupo controle. Quando as amostras foram estratificadas de acordo com grau de lesão cervical, o genótipo AA (p = 0,0036) e o alelo A (p = 0,0010) estavam mais freqüentes no grupo com lesão cervical de alto grau que no grupo com lesão cervical de baixo grau. O alelo mutante C mostrou-se importante na proteção contra as lesões. Por outro lado, o polimorfismo +874 T/A no gene INF-Ynão parece interferir no desenvolvimento de lesões cervicais. Estes resultados mostram que diferentes citocinas podem apresentar papéis diferentes na susceptibilidade a infecção e na progressão de lesões cervicais

<p>The main purpose of this study was to identify and characterize the various sand prone depositional facies in the deepwater Southern Outeniqua Basin which generally tend to form during&nbsp / lowstand (marine regression) conditions producing progradational facies. It made use of sequence stratigraphy and turbidite facies models to predict the probable location of deepwater&nbsp / reservoirs in the undrilled Southern Outeniqua Basin using data from basin margin Pletmos Basin and the deepwater Southern Outeniqua Basin. Basin margin depositional packages were&nbsp / correlated in time and space with deepwater packages. It was an attempt at bridging the gap between process-related studies of sedimentary rocks and the more traditional economic geology&nbsp / f commercial deposits of petroleum using prevailing state-of-the-art in basin analysis. It enabled the most realistic reconstructions of genetic stratigraphy and offered the greatest&nbsp / application in exploration. Sequence stratigraphic analysis and interpretation of seismics, well logs, cores and biostratigraphic data was carried out providing a chronostratigraphic framework of the study area within which seismic facies analysis done. Nine (9) seismic lines that span the shallow/basin margin Pletmos basin into the undrilled deepwater Southern Outeniqua basin were analysed and interpreted and the relevant seismic geometries were captured. Four (4) turbidite depositional elements were identified from the seismic lines: channel, overbank deposits,&nbsp / haotic deposits and basin plain (basin floor fan) deposits. These were identified from the relevant seismic geometries (geometric attributes) observed on the 2D seismic lines. Thinning attributes, unconformity attributes and seismic facies attributes were observed from the seismic lines. This was preceded by basic structural analyses and interpretation of the&nbsp / seismic lines. according to the structural analysis and interpretation, deposition trended NW-SE and NNW-SSE as we go deepwater into the Southern Outeniqua basin. Well logs from six (6)&nbsp / of the interpreted wells indicated depositional channel fill as well as basin floor fans. This was identified in well Ga-V1 and Ga-S1 respectively. A bell and crescent shape gamma ray log&nbsp / signature was observed in well Ga-V1 indicating a fining up sequence as the channel was abandoned while an isolated massive mound-shape gamma ray log signature was observed in&nbsp / Ga-S1 indicating basin plain well-sorted sands. Core analyses and interpretation from two southern-most wells revealed three (3) facies which were derived based on Walker&lsquo / s 1978, turbidite&nbsp / facies. The observed facies were: sandstone, sand/shale and shale facies. Sequence stratigraphic characterisation of petroleum reservoirs in block 11b/12b of the Southern Outeniqua&nbsp / Basin. Cores of well Ga-V1 displayed fine-grained alternations of thin sandstone beds and shales belonging to the thin-bedded turbidite facies. This is typical of levees of the upper fan channel but&nbsp / could easily be confused with similar facies on the basin plain. According to Walker, 1978 such facies form under conditions of active fan progradation. Ga-S1 cores displayed not only classic&nbsp / turbidite facies where there was alternating sand and shale sections but showed thick uninterrupted sections of clean sands. This is typical of basin plain deposits. Only one well had&nbsp / biostratigraphic data though being very limited in content. This data revealed particular depth sections and stratigraphic sections as having medium to fast depositional rates. Such rates are&nbsp / characteristic of turbidite deposition from turbidity currents. This study as well as a complementary study by Carvajal et al., 2009 revealed that the Southern Outeniqua basin is a sand-prone&nbsp / basin with many progradational sequences in which tectonics and sediment supply rate have been significant factors (amongst others such as sea level change) in the formation of these&nbsp / deepwater sequences. In conclusion, the Southern Outeniqua basin was hereby seen as having a viable and unexplored petroleum system existing in this sand prone untested world class.</p>

<p>The main purpose of this study was to identify and characterize the various sand prone depositional facies in the deepwater Southern Outeniqua Basin which generally tend to form during&nbsp / lowstand (marine regression) conditions producing progradational facies. It made use of sequence stratigraphy and turbidite facies models to predict the probable location of deepwater&nbsp / reservoirs in the undrilled Southern Outeniqua Basin using data from basin margin Pletmos Basin and the deepwater Southern Outeniqua Basin. Basin margin depositional packages were&nbsp / correlated in time and space with deepwater packages. It was an attempt at bridging the gap between process-related studies of sedimentary rocks and the more traditional economic geology&nbsp / f commercial deposits of petroleum using prevailing state-of-the-art in basin analysis. It enabled the most realistic reconstructions of genetic stratigraphy and offered the greatest&nbsp / application in exploration. Sequence stratigraphic analysis and interpretation of seismics, well logs, cores and biostratigraphic data was carried out providing a chronostratigraphic framework of the study area within which seismic facies analysis done. Nine (9) seismic lines that span the shallow/basin margin Pletmos basin into the undrilled deepwater Southern Outeniqua basin were analysed and interpreted and the relevant seismic geometries were captured. Four (4) turbidite depositional elements were identified from the seismic lines: channel, overbank deposits,&nbsp / haotic deposits and basin plain (basin floor fan) deposits. These were identified from the relevant seismic geometries (geometric attributes) observed on the 2D seismic lines. Thinning attributes, unconformity attributes and seismic facies attributes were observed from the seismic lines. This was preceded by basic structural analyses and interpretation of the&nbsp / seismic lines. according to the structural analysis and interpretation, deposition trended NW-SE and NNW-SSE as we go deepwater into the Southern Outeniqua basin. Well logs from six (6)&nbsp / of the interpreted wells indicated depositional channel fill as well as basin floor fans. This was identified in well Ga-V1 and Ga-S1 respectively. A bell and crescent shape gamma ray log&nbsp / signature was observed in well Ga-V1 indicating a fining up sequence as the channel was abandoned while an isolated massive mound-shape gamma ray log signature was observed in&nbsp / Ga-S1 indicating basin plain well-sorted sands. Core analyses and interpretation from two southern-most wells revealed three (3) facies which were derived based on Walker&lsquo / s 1978, turbidite&nbsp / facies. The observed facies were: sandstone, sand/shale and shale facies. Sequence stratigraphic characterisation of petroleum reservoirs in block 11b/12b of the Southern Outeniqua&nbsp / Basin. Cores of well Ga-V1 displayed fine-grained alternations of thin sandstone beds and shales belonging to the thin-bedded turbidite facies. This is typical of levees of the upper fan channel but&nbsp / could easily be confused with similar facies on the basin plain. According to Walker, 1978 such facies form under conditions of active fan progradation. Ga-S1 cores displayed not only classic&nbsp / turbidite facies where there was alternating sand and shale sections but showed thick uninterrupted sections of clean sands. This is typical of basin plain deposits. Only one well had&nbsp / biostratigraphic data though being very limited in content. This data revealed particular depth sections and stratigraphic sections as having medium to fast depositional rates. Such rates are&nbsp / characteristic of turbidite deposition from turbidity currents. This study as well as a complementary study by Carvajal et al., 2009 revealed that the Southern Outeniqua basin is a sand-prone&nbsp / basin with many progradational sequences in which tectonics and sediment supply rate have been significant factors (amongst others such as sea level change) in the formation of these&nbsp / deepwater sequences. In conclusion, the Southern Outeniqua basin was hereby seen as having a viable and unexplored petroleum system existing in this sand prone untested world class.</p>

Ce manuscrit présente des travaux originaux sur la théorie de la formation des planètes.Le but fondamental est de connecter la composition chimique des planètes géantes etdes petits corps avec les processus physiques et chimiques prenant lieu dans le disqueprotoplanétaire.1. Dans le chapitre 1 j'introduis les propriétés fondamentales des disques protoplané-taires ainsi que les bases de la théorie de formation des planètes.2. Dans le chapitre 2 j'attaque le problème du rapport C/O supersolaire mesurérécemment dans WASP 12b. J'élabore un modèle qui suit la distribution et transportde l'eau et du CO gazeux et solides à travers leurs di_usion, condensation,coagulation, gaz drag et sublimation afin de quantifer la variation du rapport C/Odans le disque en fonction du temps et de la distance. Mon modèle montre que,au fur et à mesure du temps, les vapeurs vont être enlever de l'intérieur de leurlignes de glaces respectives, avec le vapeur CO enlevé beaucoup plus lentement quela vapeur d'eau. Cette effet va augmenter le rapport C/O à l'intérieur de la lignede glace de l'eau d'une valeur initiale solaire (0.55) vers une valeur au voisinagede l'unité, permettant de former des planètes géantes avec des rapports C/O _ 1,comme WASP 12b. Je fnis ce chapitre en discutant les preuves observationnellesde cette enlèvement des vapeurs à l'intérieur des lignes de glaces.3. Dans le chapitre 3 j'utilise le même modèle pour interpréter la composition chimiqued'Uranus et Neptune. Je montre comment la formation de ces deux planètessur la sur-densité de glaces prédite par mon modèle sur la ligne de glace de CO peutexpliquer pourquoi ces planètes sont à la fois riches en carbone, pauvres en azote etavec des valeurs D/H sous-cométaires.4. Dans le chapitre 4 je change de sujet vers les propriétés chimiques des météoriteschondritiques, surtout leurs rapports D/H. J'utilise un modèle de disques à 2 couches(actif et morte) avec une code d'évolution D/H pour vérifier si les profiles thermiquesnon monotone trouvés dans ces disques peuvent expliquer la large gamme des valeursD/H trouvé entre les différents familles chondritiques. Je finis ce chapitre en discutantles implications de ce modèle des disques contenant des zones mortes sur laformation de Jupiter.5. Finalement je résume nos résultats dans Conclusions & perspectives, et finis enposant des questions que j'espère voir résolus prochainement. / In this manuscript I present multiple original works on planets formation theory. Themain goal is to connect the chemical composition of giant planets and small bodies to thephysical and chemical processes taking place in the protoplanetary disk.1. In chapter 1 I introduce the fundamental properties of disks and the basics ofplanets formation theory.2. In chapter 2 I tackle the supersolar C/O and subsolar C/H ratios measured recentlyin WASP 12b. I elaborate a model that tracks water and CO vapors and icesevolution through di_usion, condensation, coagulation, gas drag and sublimation inorder to quantify the variation of the C/O ratio as a function of distance and time.My model shows that, over time, vapors will get permanently depleted inside oftheir respective snowlines with CO getting depleted much slower than water. Thiswill increase the C/O ratio inside of the water snowline from the solar value of 0.55to near unity, allowing the formation of giant planets with C/O _ 1, such as WASP12b. I end this chapter by discussing the observational proofs for the existence ofsuch vapor depletions inside the icelines3. In chapter 3 I use the same model to interpret the chemical composition of Uranusand Neptune. I show how the formation of both planets on the CO snowline's icesoverdensity predicted by this model can explain why both planets are rich in carbon,poor in nitrogen and have subcometary D/H ratios.4. In chapter 4 I shift the discussion to the chemical properties of chondritic meteorites,mainly their D/H ratios. I use a snapshot from a layered (active + dead)zones disk model with a D/H ratio evolution code to check if the non monotonicthermal pro_les in these disks can explain the wide range of D/H ratios measuredin the di_erent chondritic families. I end this chapter by discussing the implicationsof the dead zone disk models for the formation of Jupiter.5. I _nally summarize my results in Conclusions & perspectives, and _nish bypointing out several relevant open questions to be hopefully resolved soon.

Magister Scientiae - MSc / The main purpose of this study was to identify and characterize the various sand prone depositional facies in the deepwater Southern Outeniqua Basin which generally tend to form during lowstand (marine regression) conditions producing progradational facies. It made use of sequence stratigraphy and turbidite facies models to predict the probable location of deepwater reservoirs in the undrilled Southern Outeniqua Basin using data from basin margin Pletmos Basin and the deepwater Southern Outeniqua Basin. Basin margin depositional packages were correlated in time and space with deepwater packages. It was an attempt at bridging the gap between process-related studies of sedimentary rocks and the more traditional economic geology f commercial deposits of petroleum using prevailing state-of-the-art in basin analysis. It enabled the most realistic reconstructions of genetic stratigraphy and offered the greatest application in exploration. Sequence stratigraphic analysis and interpretation of seismics, well logs, cores and biostratigraphic data was carried out providing a chronostratigraphic framework of the study area within which seismic facies analysis done. Nine (9) seismic lines that span the shallow/basin margin Pletmos basin into the undrilled deepwater Southern Outeniqua basin were analysed and interpreted and the relevant seismic geometries were captured. Four (4) turbidite depositional elements were identified from the seismic lines: channel, overbank deposits, haotic deposits and basin plain (basin floor fan) deposits. These were identified from the relevant seismic geometries (geometric attributes) observed on the 2D seismic lines. Thinning attributes, unconformity attributes and seismic facies attributes were observed from the seismic lines. This was preceded by basic structural analyses and interpretation of the seismic lines. according to the structural analysis and interpretation, deposition trended NW-SE and NNW-SSE as we go deepwater into the Southern Outeniqua basin. Well logs from six (6) of the interpreted wells indicated depositional channel fill as well as basin floor fans. This was identified in well Ga-V1 and Ga-S1 respectively. A bell and crescent shape gamma ray log signature was observed in well Ga-V1 indicating a fining up sequence as the channel was abandoned while an isolated massive mound-shape gamma ray log signature was observed in Ga-S1 indicating basin plain well-sorted sands. Core analyses and interpretation from two southern-most wells revealed three (3) facies which were derived based on Walker‘s 1978, turbidite facies. The observed facies were: sandstone, sand/shale and shale facies. Sequence stratigraphic characterisation of petroleum reservoirs in block 11b/12b of the Southern Outeniqua Basin. Cores of well Ga-V1 displayed fine-grained alternations of thin sandstone beds and shales belonging to the thin-bedded turbidite facies. This is typical of levees of the upper fan channel but could easily be confused with similar facies on the basin plain. According to Walker, 1978 such facies form under conditions of active fan progradation. Ga-S1 cores displayed not only classic turbidite facies where there was alternating sand and shale sections but showed thick uninterrupted sections of clean sands. This is typical of basin plain deposits. Only one well had biostratigraphic data though being very limited in content. This data revealed particular depth sections and stratigraphic sections as having medium to fast depositional rates. Such rates are characteristic of turbidite deposition from turbidity currents. This study as well as a complementary study by Carvajal et al., 2009 revealed that the Southern Outeniqua basin is a sand-prone basin with many progradational sequences in which tectonics and sediment supply rate have been significant factors (amongst others such as sea level change) in the formation of these deepwater sequences. In conclusion, the Southern Outeniqua basin was hereby seen as having a viable and unexplored petroleum system existing in this sand prone untested world class. / South Africa