Thèse de doctorat : Langue et littérature françaises : Nancy 2 : 2002. / Bibliographie.

This study is largely concerned with the experiences of the locked-out miners and their families during the national coalmining dispute of 1926 . Enthusiasm for the stoppage amongst rank-and-file miners varied considerably from one mining district to another and an attempt is made to identify and account for both intra and interregional variations in solidarity . From quite early in the dispute the danger of widespread destitution in the coalfields presented perhaps the most immediate threat to solidarity. Particular attention is therefore paid to the efforts made to overcome this threat and to the sources of relief available to mining communities in 1926 . Various forms of community and individual self- help are looked at in some detail as is the operation of the Poor Law, which played such a crucial and controversial role in the dispute. In some districts local co-operative societies provided considerable relief to mining families in the form of extended credit both to the miners ' unions and to individual members . In others, retail societies demonstrated little or no apparent sympathy for the miners . Relationships between the co-operative and trade union movements during the General strike and continuing mining dispute are examined at some length and an attempt is made to account for the differing responses of co-operative societies called upon to assist the miners in their struggle.

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

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Univ. Diss. : Freiburg (Bresgau) : 1986.

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The aims of this thesis are to investigate the use of artifice in John Fowles' The Collector, The Magus, and The French Lieutenant's Woman, and show how, through the manipulation of illusion and reality, Fowles explores his own belief that the purpose of the artifact is in revealling the truth. In the Introduction, Fowles' vision of reality is examined with particular reference to his philosophical work, The Aristos: A Self-Portrait in Ideas. To Fowles, the universe is ruled only by hazard and flux; and therefore, the meaning of life is, in the absence of a comprehensible force of causality, an eternal mystery to man. But it is a positive and omnipresent mystery that can bring to the individual an existential awareness of his own freedom to create meaning through choice and action. In Fowles' vision, the truth that the artifact conveys is this transcendent reality of mystery that lies behind the appearance of the phenomenal world. In his novels, John Fowles is chiefly concerned with the manner in which conscious artifice brings the knowledge of this truth. Toward this end he imposes a pattern upon his novels that involves the creation of two central characters in a complementary relationship. One serves as the agent of a fiction within the tale, the other as the elected victim who, through the imposition of that fiction, is brought to an awareness of the truth. Fowles' three novels to date, all moving toward a similar revelation inevitably reveal the recurrent pattern of the search for truth. Chapter II examines the quest for this truth in The Collector. When Clegg, himself a victim of self-imposed illusions, becomes the agent of a fabricated situation into which he brings Miranda, he unwittingly plays the "godgame", and becomes the living embodiment of the absent 'God.' Through him Miranda finds the truth of the mystery posed by the absent 'God’. Chapter III examines The Magus and considers the expanded form that Fowles employs to bring the reader a different perspective. Conchis is examined as the confidant of the author and as the agent in the "godgame". Through his mask of illusion and his portrayal of the "god-novelist" in the tale, he brings to Nicholas the truth that the artifact can offer - the truth of the omnipresent mystery created by the absent 'God'. Nicholas, like Miranda before him, loses him selfhood and enters into an understanding of the greater truth which Conchis brings him. Chapter IV examines the nature of the quest in The French Lieutenant's Woman. The central problem of time and history is considered and the novel's relevance to the present is affirmed. The role of the authorial narrator is discussed as a further expansion of Fowles’ investigation of the artifact, and Sarah's roled as the embodiment of mystery is examined in her approach to the "godgame". In this, the most advanced point of development in Fowles' scheme, the reader shares the quest with Charles and is not provided with the privileged information that will give meaning to the mystery that Sarah poses. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

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