Orientador : Ferdinando de Oliveira Figueiredo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-15T05:01:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_Helio_M.pdf: 6382153 bytes, checksum: d7116b9aa9590f8bde339d29e57aae0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1982 / Resumo: Não informado / Abstract: Not informed / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciências Econômicas

The primary aim of this project is to examine selected works by John Steinbeck, a significant American writer. Through a close contextual and textual analysis of Steinbeck’s Dustbowl Trilogy, which consists of the novels In Dubious Battle, Of Mice and Men, and The Grapes of Wrath, this project will interrogate Steinbeck’s contribution to the silencing of women and their inferior placement in their society and determine the extent to which Steinbeck promotes patriarchal ideology through his literature. A close examination of the modernist era in which these novels were written will provide the method of interrogating Steinbeck’s portrayal of women’s situation during the Depression and determine whether it is a reflection of the reality of women’s situation at that time given the political and environmental factors of the 1930s. The theories of various feminist critics, including Simone de Beauvoir, Judith Butler, Gayle Rubin, Luce Irigaray, Sherry Ortner, and Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar will be explored in order to elucidate the author’s treatment of the female characters and determine the extent to which patriarchal ideology is embedded in his writing. A brief examination of some of his contemporaries, namely F. Scott Fitzgerald, William Faulkner and Ernest Hemingway, will reveal the general treatment of women in male authored modernist literature and determine the extent to which Steinbeck’s female subjugation is representative.

The purpose of this thesis is to study the conflict in Czechoslovakia in 1968 which developed through different stages of the questioning of Communism since the Communist takeover in 1948. The term "Questioning of Communism" refers to the examination of the basic principles and practices of Communism on which the Communist Party operates. The principles of Communism include such principles as "democratic centralism", the leading role of the Communist Party, the monopoly of power, the "nationality question", centralized planning, political bureaucracy in the society, etc. This study deals with the two areas of conflict: outside the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, and inside the party. Outside the party, conflict erupted between the social groups (such as the economists, the Slovaks, the students, the intellectuals and the non-Communist political parties) and the party. Conflict within the party erupted between the conservatives and the liberals and resulted in the change in the leadership in the party in 1968. This thesis concentrates mostly on the causes of conflict and its roots prior to 1968, and on the accommodation of conflict by the Communist Party in 1968. Prior to 1968, conflict was not accommodated by the party. Rather, the participants in conflict were suppressed by the Communist Party. An analysis of conflict in Czechoslovakia in 1968 confirms that Czechoslovakia does not conform to the pattern of violent conflict in Communist states illustrated by the experience of East Germany, Poland and Hungary. A new pattern of accommodation of conflict by the Communist Party introduced in Czechoslovakia in 1968 was due to the liberal democratic policies of the Communist Party leadership under Alexander Dubcek. However, despite the successful domestic policies of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, Czechoslovakia did not succeed in her democratic experiment because she neglected her foreign policy with the Soviet Union. / Arts, Faculty of / Political Science, Department of / Graduate

Titcomb's compositions and writings are the products of a life lived in New England, mainly in Amesbury and Boston. Because the innovations that came about from the Oxford movement reached that part of this country first, Titcomb was one of the first church musicians to become involved with its innovations. Chapter 1 is devoted to a biographical account of his early life in Amesbury, and documents his work at the Church of the Messiah in Auburndale and Christ Church in Andover, where he took the two positions immediately after his high school graduation. Chapter 2 treats the fifty years that he worked at St. John the Evangelist, building up the choir and its repertoire to such an extent that other churches invited the group to give liturgical recitals. Chapter 3 discusses his teaching activities at the New England Conservatory, Boston University, the Wellesley Conference, and his work with the Schola Cantorum at the Church of St. John the Evangelist, all of which influenced many young musicians who brought their craft to churches throughout the United States. Chapters 4-6 are devoted to his choral, organ, and miscellaneous works: examples from unpublished manuscripts will be discussed; premiers are documented, and excerpts of correspondence from the composer are given concerning specific works. His compositional style will be discussed with assessments of individual works, and examples will be given from the different styles and genres to which he contributed. Chapter 7 discusses his writings, which deal specifically with the work of an organist and choirmaster in an Episcopal church. Titcomb's ideas concerning the musical life of a parish will be examined, including his thoughts on the performance of hymns, the choice of fitting music for the liturgy, and the accompaniment of Plainsong.

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Arts in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of English at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 1998. / At the centre of this dissertation is the paradox to be found in the fact that although John Steinbeck was the recipient of some of the highest accolades ever to be bestowed upon a writer during this century, his work - and even his person - have, over the years, been subjected to severe attacks from sometimes impercipient critics. !n the thirties, he was branded as a California regionalist of some distinction, but the general consensus among the critics seemed to be that he was unlikely to achieve greatness due to major artistic flaws that were perceived to be present in his work. These flaws included his purported indecency, vulgarity, sexual licence and demagoguery. Reverse reasoning, by which his 'weaker, later works' (especially post World War 11) are compared unfavourably with 'the better earlier ones' of the thirties, is also dealt with. Other aspects that receive attention are his world-view (which is often misunderstood and compared unfavourably with that of other authors) and the fact that his deceptively lucid works are easy to read and therefore often underrated by critics as well as careless readers. Although criticism which centres upon ethical, sociological and political issues instead of artistic merit, is briefly dealt with, emphasis is placed on three elements that are intrinsic to Steinbeck's fiction and their role in the acceptance of his work. These elements, namely allegory/myth, non-teleological thinking and his approach to religion, are dealt with in general terms but also with particular reference to his novel To a God Unknown. To a God Unknown was specifically chosen as a focus for this study because it is believed that it reveals many of the 'flaws' that Steinbeck has been criticised for. It is also considered to be of seminal importance in his canon and therefore a harbinger of later works. As such it reveals a great deal about the author's outlook on life, early influences on his work, theoretical and practical approaches to his writing, and the various techniques employed to achieve his goals. The novel is also a typical example of one of Steinbeck's works of fiction that enjoys a wide and continued readership in spite of the adverse criticism that attended its appearance. This anomaly is central to the study. Virtually all of the works in Steinbeck's canon as well as the reviews and criticisms of internationally recognised Steinbeck scholars and critics collectively served as a 'pool of reference' in the compilation of this dissertation. Other sources included works on American and world literature and history; philosophy; psychology; biography; mythology; theology, and other aspects that have a bearing upon the subject matter. Extensive use was made of the excellent facilities and services provided by the university library as well as by various institutions and individuals on the Internet. The conclusion is reached that it is essential to take cognisance of the Oriental aspect of the Transcendentalist influence on Steinbeck's world-view in order to understand the confluence of apparently irreconcilable philosophical and mythological anomalies in Steinbeck's fiction.

In this dissertation an iterative procedure, due to Hartley [9], for obtaining the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters from underlying discrete distributions is studied for the case of grouped random samples. It is shown that when the underlying distribution is Poisson the process always converges and does so regardless of the initial values taken for the unknown parameter. In showing this, a rather interesting property of the Poisson distribution was derived. If one defines a connected group of integers to be such that it contains all the integers between and including its end points, it is shown that the variance of the sub- distribution defined on this connected set is strictly less than the variance of the complete Poisson distribution. A Monte Carlo study was performed to indicate how increasing group sizes affected the variances of the maximum likelihood estimators. As a result of a problem encountered by the Office of Naval Research, combinations of distributions diff kb were introduced. The difference between such combinations and the classical mixtures of distributions is that a new distribution must be considered whenever the random variable in question increases by an integral multiple of a known integer constant, b. When all the data are present, the estimation problem is no more complicated than when estimating the individual parameters from the component distributions. However, it is pointed out that very frequently the observed samples are defective in the fact that none of the component frequencies are observed. Hence, horizontal grouping of the sample values occurs as opposed to the vertical grouping encountered previously in the one parameter Poisson case. An extension of the iterative procedure used to obtain the maximum likelihood estimator of the single parameter grouped Poisson distribution is made to obtain the estimators of the parameters in a horizontally grouped sample. As a practical example, the component distributions were all taken to be from the Poisson family. The estimators were obtained and their properties were studied. The regularity conditions which are sufficient to show that a consistent and asymptotically normally distributed solution to the likelihood equations exist are seen to be satisfied for such combinations of the Poisson distributions. Further, in the full data case, a set of jointly sufficient statistics is exhibited and since, in the presence of sufficient statistics, the solutions to the likelihood equations are unique, the estimators are consistent and asymptotically normal. It is seen that such combinations of distributions can be applied to problems in item demands. A justification of the Poisson distribution is given for such applications, but it is also pointed out that the Negative Binomial distribution might be applicable. It is also shown that such a probability model might have an application in testing the efficiency of an anti-ballistic missile system when under attack by missiles which carry multiple warheads. However, no data were available and hence the study of this application could be carried no further. / Ph. D.

Since many of Robert Frost's dramatic and lyrical poems are concerned with domestic situations, this paper is a study of the factors which contribute to successful relationships between husband and wife, and of those attitudes which can produce disappointment in marriage. In general, meaningful man-woman relationships were found to be based on these attitudes: a special rapport or intuitive insight which existed between two people; the idea that two-united are sufficient unto themselves, and can exist in a private world unconcerned with the opinion of others; the mutual acceptance of responsibility which requires the willingness to sacrifice for the mate's happiness; and, the delight and wisdom which a couple may receive from shared experiences. Conversely, certain other factors had a detrimental effect on the unity of husband-wife relationships. These concepts were: the thwarted desire for a child, the failure of husbands to understand the emotional needs of their wives, and the inability of women to resolve their own inner conflicts or frustrations. / M.A.

This research was directed toward the development of a non-interacting, competitive decision-making game involving a maintenance facility in a textile fibers plant. The first part of this paper is a discussion and analysis of decision-making games in general. The second part contains the description of the objectives and the model of the game. An important feature of the game is that the participants must decide what data they need instead of being automatically provided with all of the available information. The validation of the game is presented in the last part of the paper. A test was conducted in a senior industrial engineering course. The appendix contains the administrator and player instructions. In addition, the program listing and sample output are included. / M.S.

The closed form error expression of optimum Wiener filter was first introduced by M. C. Yovit and J. L. Jackson in 1955. Since then, a number of people have proved the validity of this form using almost similar technique but no one has succeeded to extend the Yovit-Jackson's original formula for the other cases such as prediction and delay filters. It is understood that the main reason to fail in the extension can be summarized as: (1) The starting point that most of other authors have chosen is for the special case that confines itself to the zero delay filtering system. (2) The derivation procedure depends too much on cancellation among terms. To compensate the above two points, an alternative method utilizing Parseval's theorem was presented. The major problems in the extension of Yovit-Jackson's form are summarized as: (1) To find a new method of derivation from generalized starting point such as Y. W. Lee's error expression. (2) To find mathematical relations between the original spectrum and factorized component spectra. (3) To find the closed form expression of generalized transfer function of optimum operator. / M.S.

A vacuum permeability test utilizing high hydraulic gradients has been devised for compacted clay of low permeability. The test induces easily measurable flow rates in virtually impervious soils by placing a vacuum at the drainage end of the sample and an elevation head at the inflow end. The apparatus used in the test could easily be constructed with materials commonly available in laboratories for routine soil tests. The sample can either be compacted in the permeameter (a glass cylinder) or can be seated in sand and sealed with an asphalt bond. The anticipated difficulties, capillary effects, undetected leakage, and permeability reduction by entrapped air, do not introduce appreciable error as shown by the linearity of flow velocity-hydraulic gradient curves and the general agreement of test results with those obtained from a falling bead, non-vacuum test. Relative coefficients of permeability can be obtained within a few days after the start of the test. It is concluded that this rapid, inexpensive method gives adequate values of coefficient of permeability for most experimental work on compacted clays. / M.S.