viii, 97 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Peasant experiences of agricultural collectivization in Uzbekistan followed an overarching pattern familiar from studies of collectivization elsewhere in the USSR but simultaneously bore the deep imprint of Central Asia's unique history of Soviet rule since the revolution. State control remained weak in the Uzbek village, and Uzbek officials at the local level were forced to mediate between pressure from the central authorities and pressure from traditional village norms. As a result, the contours of collectivization in Uzbekistan were defined as much by local specificities and face-to-face relationships as by central policy. Uzbek peasants initially engaged in mass resistance to collectivization, drawing on a tradition of comprehensive opposition to Soviet rule on grounds of culture, Islam, nation, and village solidarity. But despite their apparent intransigence, over time Uzbek peasants found broad opportunities for compromise and collaboration with the state within the malleable framework of power and affiliation in Stalin-era Central Asia. / Committee in Charge: Julie Hessler, Chair; Alan Kimball; Jenifer Presto

xi, 149 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Between the early 1900s and the 1952 U.S. Supreme Court case of United States v. Oregon State Medical Society, conflicts over the legality and permissibility of contract medicine raged in Oregon. Organized labor opposed the practice because it restricted their choice of physician, and because they resented mandatory wage deductions to pay for the contracts. Organized medicine resented contract medicine for its imposition of commercial power on physicians. The groups initially attempted to resolve the issue publicly through legislation, but procedural factors and a lack of group cohesiveness prevented a public solution. Beginning in the 1930s, the State Medical Society imposed its own private code of ethics on the medical services market to eliminate contract practice, and used the legislative process to preserve its independence to pursue a private sector solution. Ultimately, the Supreme Court allowed this approach, based partly on its view that medicine was distinct from business. / Committee in Charge: Dr. Daniel Pope, Chair; Dr. Glenn May; Dr. James Mohr

Text in Afrikaans / Die Afrikaanse poesie van die tagtigerjare toon 'n ryke verskeidenheid deurdat ouer digters soos Eybers, Breytenbach, Cussons, Stockenstrom en Ernst van Heerden voortdig en 'n groot aantal nuwelinge na vore tree. Hoewel die groep digters die grense van "generasie" ver oorskry, blyk dit dat hulle 'n baie li tererbewuste groep kunstenaars is wie se poesie verskeie gemeenskaplike trekke openbaar. Uit die groot verskeidenheid blyk dat sekere temas, soos pyn, aftakeling, dood, liefde, godsdiens asook sosio-kulturele en politieke aktualiteite steeds as die gewildste onderwerpe figureer. 'n Deel van die studie word daaraan gewy om aan te toon hoe hierdie temas in die jonger Afrikaanse poesie vergestalting vind. 'n Terna wat 'n besliste vernuwende aspek in die Afrikaanse poesie bring, is die homoerotiek. Die groter openheid oor homoseksualiteit gee aanleiding tot eksplisiete homoerotiese verse, veral by Joan Hambidge en Johann de Lange. As gevolg van die terroristiese bedrywighede en militere optrede aan die landsgrense gedurende die sewentiger- en tagtigerjare beleef die Afrikaanse literatuur die opkoms van die sogenaamde grensliteratuur as 'n vernuwende aspek van die tema van oorlog en geweld wat van die vorige dekade af oorspoel. Verder word aandag gegee aan die verskynsel van inter(-)tekstualiteit, wat weens die omvang daarvan in die kreatiewe en beskouende literatuur, perspektiefverandering in die Afrikaanse poesie teweegbring. 'n Verdere vernuwende aspek wat aangetoon word, is die wegbeweeg van die beoef ening van die loss er, vryer versvorm van die sestiger- en vroee sewentigerjare na 'n strenger vormbeheer en - dissipline. Die skryf van 'n meer tradisionele tipe poesie word by verskeie digters aangetoon. Die bydrae van tydskrifte en tydskrifverse tot die Afrikaanse poesie word ondersoek. Saam met die verskyning van talle bundels populere poesie, waar die klem veral op die volkskwatryn, sonnet en limerick val, speel die tydskrifte 'n besondere rol om Afrikaanse poesie vir 'n breer leserspubliek toeganklik te maak. Daar word tot die gevolgt~ekking gekom dat die digters van die tagtigerjare die "demokratisering" van die Afrikaanse letterkunde veel verder gevoer het en dat die reikwydte van Afrikaans daardeur uitgebrei is / The rich diversity of Afrikaans poetry of the eighties is displayed by the fact that many of the older poets, such as Eybers, Breytenbach, Cussons, Stockenstrom and Ernst van Heerden, have continued writing poetry, while a large number of newcomers have appeared on the scene. Although these poets far exceed the "generation" boundaries, they are evidently a very literary-aware group of artists, whose work has a number of traits in common. Certain themes, such as pain, decadence, death, love and religion, as well as socio-cultural and political realities, remain popular topics. Part of this study is to show how these themes are expressed in contemporary Afrikaans poetry. A decidedly new aspect of Afrikaans poetry is homo-eroticism. The more open approach to homosexuality gives rise to explicit homo-erotic poems, especially those of Joan Hambidge and Johann de Lange. As a result of terrorist activities and military action on our borders during the seventies and eighties, Afrikaans literature saw the beginning of the so-called border literature as a renewal of the war and violence theme, a relic from the previous decade. Inter(-)textuality is explored, which, due to its influence on creative and reviewing literature, has brought about a change in the perspective of Afrikaans poetry. A further renewal highlighted, is the moving away from the unstructured and freer verse form of the sixties and early 4 seventies to a stricter, controlled and disciplined form. The more traditional type of poetry written by various poets is discussed. The contribution by periodicals and poems in periodicals to Afrikaans poetry is explored. Together with the numerous volumes of popular poetry published, emphasizing the national quatrain, sonnets and limericks, periodicals play an important role in making Afrikaans poetry more accessible to a broader reading public. The conclusion is reached that the poets of the eighties promoted the "democratization" of Afrikaans literature, thereby extending its influence / Afrikaans and Theory of Literature / D. Litt. et Phil. (Afrikaans)

An investigation into the nature and functions of periodicity is presented through analysis and discussion. Periodicity is established by the repetition of any musical event at regular intervals in time. The three works analyzed exhibit periodic elements in a variety of contexts and on different structural levels, thereby illustrating typical functions of periodicities in complex twentieth-century music. These functions include stratum delineation, textural definition, and metric-style organization. In some cases, the regularity of the periodicities is crucial to their function, while in others the periodicity of the elements simply provides a convenient model for study. Reference is made to perceptual tendencies and thresholds including Gestalt principles of grouping, the phenomena of auditory streaming and fusion, and the temporal limits of the perceptual present. As our response to periodicities is affected by the specific rate of recurrence, a classification is made according to the rate of recurrence. The links between rate and function are discussed. Boundaries are suggested for three main divisions: very fast rates (less than 0.10"), medium (between 0.10" and 10"), and long (greater than 10"). An additional tripartite division of the medium range is proposed, incorporating the levels of pulse, sub-pulse, and super-pulse. The term "super-pulse" is introduced to emphasize the potency of the pulse-grouping level. Relationships between levels of periodic events are described in terms of rhythmic consonance and dissonance. The analyses show that a contrast in the degree of rhythmic consonance is a typical means of indicating structural boundaries. They also suggest a link between the levels which produce a dissonance and the degree of harshness felt. Consonance on several levels adds significant coherence to a stratum, enhancing its recognition in complex textures or on later appearances. / Graduate

M.A. (Afrikaans) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

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