The research focuses on two generations of women on Kibbutz Ein-Harod (in Israel): the founding generation of women who came from Russia and Poland and established the kibbutz in 1921, and the third generation - the granddaughters of the founders who were born and still live on the kibbutz. About eighty years separate these two groups. The research compares how the two generations view their status and their place in kibbutz society. The place of the women is examined in various areas of life: work and profession; public activity; guarding and defending the kibbutz; femininity, mothering and family. The research on the first generation relied largely on archival material, while the third generation was researched through discussions in a research group setting and in personal interviews. The research is divided as follows: Chapter 1 is a general introduction to the subject and the perspective adopted by the researcher. Chapter 2 reviews the research literature in this field in the order in which the issues are dealt with in the research. Chapter 3, the methodology, deals with the theoretical frame of the research, especially the feminist-gender aspects. Chapter 4 is devoted to the first generation, including a historical review leading up to the establishment of the kibbutz, and the women's stories over two decades. Chapter 5 reviews the situation of the kibbutz today and presents the granddaughters' stories. Chapter 6 is devoted to analysing, comparing and discussing the findings. Chapter 7 present the conclusions and proposals for further research