The theoretical and empirical framework of this study demonstrates the following: firstly, the success of a CBNRM programme relies heavily on the involvement of the communities; secondly, the targeted government policies enable the facilitation of CBNRM in various parts of Southern Africa; thirdly, the involvement of institutions that includes donors, government institutions, academic practitioners, NGOs and the private sector, is crucial; fourthly, capital, in the form of natural, physical, human and financial capital, is necessary in the planning, implementation and management of the projects; and fifthly, CBNRM projects include varied ecotourism products based on the natural capital availability. In this study, a qualitative research approach was followed, where the sample population included the Manavhela reserve management, the workers, and community representatives. Findings of the study provide insights into the way in which the CBNRM programme was implemented in the Manavhela community, detailing the challenges and/or successes that have been faced in the management of the programme. Some insights are also penned on the attitudes of the community towards resource conservation. The conclusion is that the Manavhela community remains aloof regarding the implementation and management of the nature reserve. This is contrary to the CBNRM model, which postulates that the community must be at the centre of the implementation and management of conversation programmes. / Environmental Sciences / M. Sc. (Nature Conservation)