Within the field of IS security little has been written on the subject of criminal opportunity. More precisely, little has been written on what exactly constitutes an opportunity, and the relationship between employees, who may might act as potential offenders, and the IS context in which such opportunities may be afforded. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of a model known as the 'crime specific opportunity structure', which, as the name suggests maps out those elements which are thought to form an opportunity. Drawing on a number of criminological theories, the model considers the role of potential offenders in a work place setting by viewing them as rational decision-makers, who assess their environment, and possible opportunities, in cost-benefit terms. Furthermore, the model takes a crime-specific approach as each type of crime is made up of a unique mix of elements. Ignoring the idiosyncratic nature of specific crimes severely reduces an understanding of each type of crime, and further hinders effective prevention programmes. An ethnographic account of the collapse of a financial institution is used to assess the feasibility of the model.

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Lamented as a 'global threat', money laundering has been the subject of international, regional, and national (UK) consternation. This has resulted in the development of an intricate legal framework supporting its policing. This thesis examines, from a socio-legal perspective, how this framework is operationalised by the territorial police practitioners in Scotland and is informed by primary research. In unpacking the inter-agency relationships engaged in the policing of money laundering this work addresses 5 thematic discussions: globalisation, the increasing emphasis on ‘the follow the money approach’ to crime control, the use of risk, the trend of promoting cooperation at EU level, and considering the police as ‘performers’. In light of these discussions, this work contends that the territorial financial investigator is central to the development of informal mechanisms of cooperation that seek to support the policing of money laundering. However, their need for, and use of, these mechanisms is limited by the type of crime being tackled, the culture of the organisation, and whether the purpose of the action is prevention or prosecution. This thesis concludes that officers are torn between service provision and crime control as they navigate the demands of local and global governance structures in the policing of money laundering.

Le XXIe siècle voit la consécration des technologies numériques comme la fin du Moyen Âge a vu celle de l’imprimerie. L’ère numérique ignore désormais toutes les frontières. Elle permet l’accès à la culture et à la connaissance, favorise les échanges entre les personnes. Elle rend possible la constitution d’une économie en ligne et rapproche le citoyen de son administration. Les technologies numériques sont porteuses d’innovation et de croissance, en même temps qu’elles peuvent aider ou accélérer le développement des pays émergents. Mais un certain pessimisme vient tempérer cette approche idéaliste. Tous les progrès génèrent aussi de nouvelles fragilités et vulnérabilités propices aux menaces ou aux risques, car ils aiguisent l’imagination des criminels. La cybercriminalité est désormais une réalité. Elle est d’autant plus dangereuse qu’elle pénètre au sein des familles, là où la délinquance ordinaire n’avait pas accès jusqu’à présent. Dès lors, cette nouvelle forme de criminalité laisse apparaître comme une évidence, l'adaptation du système judiciaire. En effet, face à ces atteintes, il existe bel et bien des lois qui sont d'ores et déjà appliquées à l’Internet. Mais sont-elles réellement efficaces ? Dans le même sens, la coopération interétatique est-elle également suffisante pour lutter efficacement contre la cybercriminalité ? Ainsi, il importe de se demander si dans notre société moderne, le cadre normatif et la coopération institutionnelle tant européenne qu'internationale, sont suffisants et efficaces pour sanctionner les infractions cybercriminelles ? / The twenty-first century sees the consecration of digital technologies just as the end of the Middle-Ages saw the creation of printing.Henceforth, the digital era has no limits. It gives access to culture and knowledge, encourages the exchanges between people.It allows the constitution of an economy online and brings citizens closer to their adminitration. Digital technologies generate innovation and growth, and can help or accelerate the development of the emergent countries as well. But a certain pessimism moderates this idealistic approach.All these advances also generate new fragilities and vulnerabilities propicious to threats or risks, as they stimulate the criminals' imagination.Now , cybercriminality has become reality.It is all the more dangerous as it penetrates within families , where ordinary delinquency didn't exist until now. From now on, this new kind of criminality made it obvious that the judicial system had to be adapted. Indeed , faced with these violations , there are of course laws that are applied here and now to the Internet.But , are they really efficient? In the same way, is the intersate cooperation also sufficient to fight against cybercriminality? So , it is important to wonder whether , in our modern society , the legislative framework and the institutional cooperation , both european and international , are sufficient and efficient to penalize the cybercriminal offences.

Since the late 1980s, efforts made by the international community to deal with the complex and global problem of money laundering have stimulated the creation and definition of the so-called 'international crime of money laundering', which is included in various United Nations and Council of Europe international treaties, as well as European Union Directives. The Central purpose of this thesis is to investigate if the main goal of effectiveness in the adaptation of the international crime of money laundering at the domestic level, might undermine other values that international law is seeking to protect, namely the guarantee of due process and the adequate protection of human rights principles. Then, if the adoption of any element of the crime shows to be inconsistent with civil rights and guarantees, to propose how deficiencies could be remedied.