This thesis is an exploration of method demonstrated in a series of mechanical drawings of the elements. An investigation of methods of drawing and of how different questions can be asked through drawing. Furthermore, this thesis asks the question of place in the elements of fire, earth, and sky in the formal relationship between walls, joints, trusses. These architectural elements protect against the natural ones, forming place focused around the hearth. This thesis traces the formal relationship between the elements of architecture stemming from the German thinker Gottfried Semper's treatise on architecture, but diverges from Semper's fixation with materiality and delves into questions of form, appearance, and construction through drawing. The drawings address questions about the elements; questions about form, tectonics, and the relation of part to whole. The whole becomes a building focused on forming a place and the relation of the elements to one another. / Master of Architecture / "Throughout all phases of society the hearth formed that sacred focus around which the whole took order and shape. It is the first and most important, the moral element of architecture. Around it were grouped the three other elements: the roof, the enclosure, and the mound, the protecting negations or defenders of the Hearth's flame against the three hostile elements of nature" (Semper 102) This reading, The Four Elements of Architecture by Gottfried Semper, and this quote were the origin of my thesis, which became a series of studies of these elements as parts and their relations to one another. Through mechanical investigative drawings I explored the traits and qualities assigned to these elements by Semper and developed my own understanding of them. Each element has a tectonic quality and architectural characteristic that defines it. The tectonic quality is "different technical skills of man used to construct the elements: ceramics and afterwards metal work around the hearth, water and masonry works around the mound, carpentry around the roof and its accessories… Wickerwork was the essence of the wall" (Semper 103-104). The mound forms the base of the building connecting it to the hearth, and also joins to the hearth and raises it. The roof as a dominant element protects from above. The wall is a spatial enclosure that forms the protected space. The hearth is the central and social element of the building, protected from nature by the other elements. In addition to an investigation of each of the elements, I also had an interest in constructing a building informed by these investigations, forming a place of gathering that focused around the hearth. How would the protective elements form and appear in space, and how would the hearth form the place around it. The wall, defined as woven and enclosing, led to a series of questions regarding its form, material, and connection to the other elements. Semper's understanding of woven extends to being a dressed wall or a wall of a pattern of parts, such as brick or wood. How can variation of size, depth, and material be used to form patterns in a wall? How do hierarchies of panels, verticality, and horizontality differ from one another? How can the wall connect to the mound and emphasize the existing character of the building? The roof, defined as dominant and of carpentry, led to a series of questions regarding frames and joints. My main interest in the roof was its structure, and the interior spatial quality it provided. How can the joint and the frame inform one another? What are the qualities of trusses? What are different types of joints and how do they display themselves? How do joints form a truss and the truss form a frame? The mound, defined as earthen and meeting, was investigated in conjunction with other elements. It forms the base that protects the hearth from the earth and acts as a base to the other elements. Its original use as a structural base for houses in marsh lands is no longer prevalent and its role lessened. Semper understood this evolution, "some elements [become] more developed while others [recede] into the background" (Semper 103). The hearth, defined as central and of worked metal, led to a series of questions regarding material, form, and relation to its surroundings. The hearth acts as a single focus that forms areas of repose protected by the other elements from nature. How should it connect to the roof and the floor? Benefits of a hanging hearth versus traditional? How can it act as more by storing wood and the other tools it needs to be worked? How can it relate to other elements through material and form? As Semper stated, "some elements [become] more developed" and I found some of these progressions through my studies. One of these developments is the hearth creating areas of transition in the interior and the need to connect this transitioning to the exterior. The frame of the hearth is repeated as a threshold, forming an area of transition between the exterior and the interior. Another development is the roof and the chimney belonging to the sky. As the mound recedes from importance, the sky and its connection to the roof develops further. These boards each developed from a series of questions, and led to further questions. They ask about the part and then about the part in relation to other parts. Each question can stand on its own, but it is only when you keep asking questions that you begin to find something. Each part is its own, but when formed together it creates something new. And that was my thesis, a series of questions and the joining of parts.

Architectural orientation of wood surfaces is the primary study of this thesis. To understand different wood surfaces, they are ordered into 4 elements of Architecture; Earth, Air, Fire, Water. This thesis is structured from these 4 elements in a simple legible form. Deer Field Inn would serve the local communities of Ritchie County, West Virginia for family, social, and organization gatherings. / Master of Architecture

This thesis deals theoretically and practically with the relationship between the physical, especially constitutional, characteristics and temperament. Constitutional approaches, especially theories of Ernst Kretschmer and Wiliam Sheldon, belong to the oldest approaches in psychology that link these two aspects and perceive them as two sides of the same coin. Holistic approach linking psychological and physical aspects of personality can be found also in non-European medical systems. One of the oldest medical teaching in the world is Ayurveda. It integrates physique and temperament and uses them for therapeutical purposes. The subject of the theoretical part was to present these theories, guidelines and other areas, that strived for interconnection of the physical and psychological aspects of human individual. In the practical part the goal was to empirically assess the substantiation of somatic types used in Kretschmer's theory and Ayurveda. The next goal was to focus on the relationship of selected physical aspects and temperament. For these purposes we used a questionnaire 4 Elements Inventory which applies the metaphor of elements, that appears also in Ayurveda. Further we created Questionnaire of Physical Characteristics that consists of three parts: the first part inquires about the...

The thesis deals with personality research in sport. The general aim of thesis was to prove coherence between personal trait and particular sport activity. Being specific we have tried to discover, whether the choice of sport activity has coherence with personal trait. The aim group was consisted of students of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport at Charles University in Prague. Those students were specialists at swimming, football, gym and athletics. This group of student was compared with control group of students who are do not attend sports actively. Generally, 179 informants took participate in this correlation research. As a research method was used a personality test 4Elements Inventory and the Questionnaire of sport actitvites. The results proved a statistically important coherence between particular sport specialization and the elements Fire and Water. There was no proof of coherence between particular sport specialization and any of Elements. We found coherence in a frequence of sport activity and Fire element. The examined group differes from population in Fire and Earth element. The thesis also includes enumeration and conjuctions of those sport activities that our informants attend to. Keywords: Sport, Personality, Elements, 4Elements Inventory, University students, Athletes

yes / Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas with four and eight elements having connected grounds are designed for ultra-wideband applications. Careful optimization of the lines connecting the grounds leads to reduced mutual coupling amongst the radiating patches. The proposed antenna has a modified substrate geometry and comprises a circular arc-shaped conductive element on the top with the modified ground plane geometry. Polarization diversity and isolation are achieved by replicating the elements orthogonally forming a plus shape antenna structure. The modified ground plane consists of an inverted L strip and semi ellipse slot over the partial ground that helps the antenna in achieving effective wide bandwidth spanning from (117.91%) 2.84–11 GHz. Both 4/8-port antenna achieves a size of 0.61 λ × 0.61 λ mm2 (lowest frequency) where 4-port antenna is printed on FR4 substrate. The 4-port UWB MIMO antenna attains wide impedance bandwidth, Omni-directional pattern, isolation >15 dB, ECC 4.5 dB making the MIMO antenna suitable for portable UWB applications. Four element antenna structure is further extended to 8-element configuration with the connected ground where the decent value of IBW, isolation, and ECC is achieved.

Title: Development of novel photoactive cationic zirconocene complexes Author: Bc. David Dunlop Department: Department of inorganic chemistry Supervisor: RNDr. Martin Lamač Ph.D. Advisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Štěpnička, Ph.D., DSc. Abstract: Environmental concerns have brought about an unprecedented demand for sustainable energy sources among which electromagnetic radiation, light, currently dominates. Development of novel light- harvesting compounds and materials is at the forefront of current science, as it is essential to further our technological progress. This thesis contributes to the field by development of novel photoactive cationic group 4 metallocene complexes stabilized by pendant imine and pyridinyl donor groups, or N,O-donor aromatic ligands, as crystalline [B(C6F5)4]− salts. The complexes are prepared either by protonation of the intramolecularly bound imine moiety by PhNMe2H[B(C6F5)4] or by chloride ligand abstraction, by Li[B(C6F5)4]·2.5Et2O or in situ generated Et3Si[B(C6F5)4]. Prepared compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Solid state structures of the compounds were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The cationic complexes of Zr and Hf exhibited significantly enhanced luminescence which originates from triplet ligand-to-metal (3 LMCT) excited states with lifetimes of up to...