Global ETD Search

1	Affective forecasting in problem gamblers Willner-Reid, Jessica January 2011 (has links) 1. Abstract Affective forecasting refers to the process of predicting emotional reactions to future \ . events. Affective forecasting plays an important role in decision making as it informs \ subjective utility, but it is also prone to prediction errors, such as the 'impact bias': a tendency to overestimate the intensity and duration of future emotional reactions. It has been argued that the impact bias can be considered to be evolutionarily adaptive, as it performs a protective function in motivating people to avoid risky behaviour. Problem gambling (PG) is a serious public health problem and yet knowledge about this disorder is still limited. There is evidence to suggest that affective forecasting may be qualitatively different in a risk-taking population such as problem gamblers (PGs). In particular, PGs may fail to show the impact bias, thus helping to explain their persistence in behaviours resulting in losses. This study was the first to examine affective forecasting in PGs. Following an adapted version of a procedure used by Kermer, Driver-Linn, Wilson & Gilbert (2006), PGs (N=25) and matched controls (N=29) were asked to rate their affect currently and to predict how they would feel after completing a simple computerized guessing task. Control participants exaggerated how bad they would feel after losing at the guessing task (i.e., they displayed the impact bias), whereas PGs accurately predicted their emotional reactions. This, and other results, has been discussed within the context of existing theories of gambling addiction and suggestions have been made for future 6 \ research. The thesis concluded that that encouraging PGs to focus on anticipated emotions may be a novel target for existing treatment interventions. 7 616.85841
2	A Type-2 signal detection analysis of gambling behaviour : cognitions, metacognitions, expertise and optimality Carr, Sara E. January 2012 (has links) Cognitive gambling research has focused mainly on the irrational beliefs and cognitive biases that differentiate problem (PGs) and non-problem (RGs) gamblers. Whilst this research has been informative by highlighting that greater irrational beliefs are associated with gambling severity, the research has failed to determine cause and effect. This thesis proposes that metacognition is an area that may play a central role in the development and/or maintenance of problem gambling. Type-2 Signal Detection Theory (SDT) was used to analyse the data to measure three cognitive and metacognitive components of gambling performance: accuracy, resolution (metacognitive monitoring) and gambling criterion (metacognitive control). Optimality of gambling decisions was also explored. Experiment 1 used a simplified blackjack task, which demonstrated resolution differences between non-gamblers(NGs) and RGs. Experiments 2 to 5 examined the transference of gambling expertise of RGs and NGs in a novel dice gambling task. Experiment 6 demonstrated that the type of task can account for some cognitive and metacognitive variation observed between PGs and RGs, but impaired gambling criterion setting is a pertinent component of PGs’ gambling performance that is not dependent on gambling task. Finally, Experiment 7 showed that feedback enables participants to effectively shift gambling criteria to a more optimal position - and may have considerable implications for the treatment of problem gambling. The results are discussed in relation to four specific research questions and underscore the relative contribution of using a SDT approach in the study of gambling behaviour. 616.85841
3	Treatment development in problem and pathological gambling Bulwer, Miranda 11 1900 (has links) This study is an exploration, through ethnographic and auto-ethnographic inquiry, of the personal world, gambling experiences and underlying biopsychosocial vulnerabilities of three individual case studies - one male and two females - each representing a different sub-type of pathological gambler. It comprises the integration and implementation of a psycho-structural stage matching model to explore comorbidity and identify certain biopsychosocial manifestations in the respective stages of pathological gambling. Long term treatment strategies were identified and patient treatment matching was explored. Further, it comprises my personal relationship and therapeutic treatment of these sub-types of gamblers over a period of one year and longer. In this study it is hypothesized that formulating appropriate matching long term treatment strategies should be based on the stage of change, the phase in the psycho-structural model, as well as the gambler's underlying vulnerability. From this a comprehensive gambling disposition profile can be completed with proper intervention matching approaches. A number of other hypotheses emerged from this study that could provide valuable information and serve as a guideline to those working with pathological gamblers. / Psychology / D.Phil. Gambling addiction Pathological gambling Problem gambling Comorbidity Auto-ethnographic inquiry Individual case studies Personal disposition Biopsychosocial vulnerability Codependency Situational and structural determinants Psycho-structural interaction model Cycle of problem gambling Gambling disposition profile Treatment development Components of treatment Long term treatment considerations Treatment matching Therapeutic approach 616.85841 Compulsive gambling Compulsive gambling -- Treatment Compulsive gamblers -- Rehabilitation Psychology, Pathological
4	Treatment development in problem and pathological gambling Bulwer, Miranda 11 1900 (has links) This study is an exploration, through ethnographic and auto-ethnographic inquiry, of the personal world, gambling experiences and underlying biopsychosocial vulnerabilities of three individual case studies - one male and two females - each representing a different sub-type of pathological gambler. It comprises the integration and implementation of a psycho-structural stage matching model to explore comorbidity and identify certain biopsychosocial manifestations in the respective stages of pathological gambling. Long term treatment strategies were identified and patient treatment matching was explored. Further, it comprises my personal relationship and therapeutic treatment of these sub-types of gamblers over a period of one year and longer. In this study it is hypothesized that formulating appropriate matching long term treatment strategies should be based on the stage of change, the phase in the psycho-structural model, as well as the gambler's underlying vulnerability. From this a comprehensive gambling disposition profile can be completed with proper intervention matching approaches. A number of other hypotheses emerged from this study that could provide valuable information and serve as a guideline to those working with pathological gamblers. / Psychology / D.Phil. Gambling addiction Pathological gambling Problem gambling Comorbidity Auto-ethnographic inquiry Individual case studies Personal disposition Biopsychosocial vulnerability Codependency Situational and structural determinants Psycho-structural interaction model Cycle of problem gambling Gambling disposition profile Treatment development Components of treatment Long term treatment considerations Treatment matching Therapeutic approach 616.85841 Compulsive gambling Compulsive gambling -- Treatment Compulsive gamblers -- Rehabilitation Psychology, Pathological

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