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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Influence de la tranchée sur les chaussées en milieu urbain : Analyse des données d’une expérimentation à grande échelle / Influence of utility cuts on urban pavements : Data analysis of a large-scale experimentation

Aljr, Hasan 20 December 2017 (has links)
La tranchée constitue une cause majeure de dégradation des voiries urbaines. Elle influence considérablement la durée de service de ces voiries. Le présent travail vise à étudier à travers une expérimentation à grande échelle l’influence de la tranchée sur la chaussée. Il a été réalisé dans le cadre d’une collaboration entre la Métropole Européenne de Lille, le Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement et Eurovia. Il comporte quatre parties. La première comporte une synthèse bibliographique sur l’influence de la tranchée sur la structure de la chaussée et sa durée de service ainsi que sur son impact économique. La seconde partie concerne l’analyse du fonctionnement du système d’instrumentation qui a été utilisée pour le suivi du comportement de la chaussée et de la tranchée construites à l’entrée du campus de Lille1. La troisième partie consiste dans l’évaluation de l’état structurel de la chaussée et de la tranchée à l’aide des essais de déflexion. La dernière présente une analyse des réponses de la chaussée et de la tranchée sous l’effet du trafic et l’influence de la température sur ces réponses. / The trench is a major cause of deterioration of urban pavements. It considerably reduces the service life of these pavements. The present work aims to study through a large-scale experimentation the influence of the trench on urban pavements. It has been conducted within a collaboration between Lille Metropolis, Civil and geo-Environmental Engineering laboratory and Eurovia. It includes 4 parts. The first part contains a literature review concerning the influence of the trench on urban pavements as well as its economic impact. The second part concerns the analysis of the performances of the instrumentation system used to monitor the behavior of the pavement and the trench built at the entrance of Lille1 campus. The third part consists in the analysis of structural behavior of the pavement and the trench using deflection tests. The last presents an analysis of the responses of the pavement and the trench under traffic and the influence of the temperature on these responses.
2

Mécanismes et modélisations de dégradation et décollement des interfaces de couches de chaussées / Damage interface and debonding modeling in multilayered asphalt pavements

Ktari, Rahma 22 June 2016 (has links)
Si, pour les matériaux composites élaborés, de nombreuses études expérimentales ainsi que des modèles locaux de comportement ont été développés, la maîtrise du comportement des interfaces entre couches de surface ou d’assise de chaussées est actuellement un réel verrou scientifique. La méthode de dimensionnement française actuelle ne prend en compte, aux interfaces, que des conditions conventionnelles de collage ou de glissement parfait. Afin d’appréhender le comportement local de l’interphase\interface, les outils de la photomécanique apparaissent incontournables. La présente thèse propose une modélisation de l’interface rugueuse et endommageable par un modèle de zone cohésive en mode mixte. Ce manuscrit de thèse comporte trois chapitres. D’abord, le chapitre I présente un état de l’art sur les interfaces dans les matériaux et les structures et en particulier dans les couches de chaussées. Ensuite dans le chapitre II, une identification expérimentale des paramètres mécaniques et géométriques du modèle d’interface est proposée à travers des essais de traction et de cisaillement et des mesures de la texture (PMT et projections de franges). Les résultats obtenus (adhésion, rugosité,…) seront les paramètres d’entrée d’un modèle d’endommagement d’interface. Enfin, le chapitre III aborde la modélisation des interfaces entre couches de chaussées sous l’angle des modèles de zones cohésives avec la prise en compte de la rugosité géométrique. A l’issu de cette étude, une loi est proposée permettant de prendre en compte l’effet de la rugosité à une échelle locale dans une interface lisse équivalente à l’échelle globale. / Interface between bituminous layers is an important parameter for the pavement computational design.New pathologies in pavement structure require today rational methods taking into account theinterfaces behavior. Due to these concerns, the current study is based on a damage cohesive zonemodel (CZM) in mixed mode of the rough interfaces. The model was initially proposed by Allix-Ladevèze. This thesis presents a comprehensive interface modeling including delay effect, based ondamage energy release rate. The process of the present study is presented in three chapters. The firstchapter present the stat of art of interfaces. The second devoted to identify the parameters of theinterface model and material properties through advanced optical method as Digital Image Correlation(DIC) and (H-DIC). In the third chapter, a study of the influence of the elastic normal and tangentialstiffness and coupling parameters in the mixed mode on the debonding interfacial energy is presented.An analytical model provides relations between the interfaces stiffness, the coupling parameter of theCZM and the interfacial roughness. Then, a parametric numerical analysis is conducted to study theroughness effect on the interface constitutive law. Results show clearly the roughness influence in thiskind of structures. The damage behaviours predicted by the proposed model for pure mode I, puremode II and for mixed mode with taking into account of roughness are found in good agreement withexperimental results.
3

Development of pavement management systems for road network maintenance

Mapikitla, David January 2011 (has links)
Thesis. (M. Tech. (Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Dept. of Civil Engineering))--Vaal University of Technology, 2011 / In the past thirty years there has been a rapid deterioration of the road network in South Africa. As an attempt to address this challenge, a study was conducted on R34 between Vrede and Bothmas Pass Border. The aim of the study was to develop a pavement management system for road network maintenance to serve as a decision support tool to assist to improve the efficiency of making decisions, provide feedback as to the consequences of these decisions, ensure consistency of decisions made at different levels and improve the effectiveness of all decisions in terms of efficiency of results. The study focused on developing and testing pavement management system for road network maintenance. Consequently, visual condition inspections, non-destructive and semi-destructive tests were conducted on the field, data acquired, processed and analysed in accordance with guidelines stipulated in the Draft Technical Recommendations for Highways (TRH) 22 in order to draw conclusions. The data acquired included the surfacing assessments, structural assessments, functional assessments, traffic surveys, riding quality, falling weight deflectometer, mechanical rutting, material investigations and dynamic cone penetration. After analysis of the data, visual condition index was then calculated to be 40%. Visual condition index was then used to determine the action required towards rehabilitating the road. After consultation with guidelines contained in the TRH22, it was concluded that the pavement treatment needed for the road was Rehabilitation. It was then concluded that PMS developed would provide key performance indicators to assist with decision support system and that it is also suitable for road network applications ranging from national roads, provincial roads, regional or district arterial and collector / distributor networks in SA. The municipalities and other road maintenance agencies were then recommended to utilise the “easy to use” developed pavement management system as a decision support tool in their maintenance programmes.

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