The proposed study intends to establish how procedural the reward systems are being implemented in the Limpopo Department of Health and whether claims of biases are founded. The study is aimed to determine the system’s influence on the organisation’s ability to track poor performance and to manage it. It also provides a refreshed view of the current pitfalls in the implementation of the programme, and subsequently provides indications of remedial action to recover the purpose of the performance management and development system. The study furthermore assesses the impact of performance management practices and explored the best implementable practices for effective performance management systems and best service delivery by the Limpopo Department of Health. A qualitative research approach that included interviews with HR and line managers was utilised and a quantitative research approach that included questionnaires from ordinary employees was followed. The findings are that the system cannot be linked to employee output, but an obvious benefit is employee rewards. The literature review shows that there is a general poor understanding of performance management and development system in the public service. It (Literature review. Chapter 2) further establishes that there are several challenges that hinder the effective implementation of performance management and development system in the public service. Other findings of the study include that there is a challenge of biased ratings (subjective assessment), and a setting of unrealistic performance targets which are unrealisable by employees. The main finding of the study is that lack of training poses a serious challenge in implementing performance management and development systems. Many respondents indicated that employees need to be brought to awareness about the implementation of the model so that both management and employees can work towards the Department’s vision. Some suggested that management should realise our needs and arrange training for capacity building. Another employee agitated that “I am not involved in any performance management because this is used for financial gains. This is another corrupt activity?” The above-mentioned statements clearly show concerns of employees in their overall performance. / Public Administration / M.P.A.