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No description available.

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No description available.

Recent systems merge information from texts describing video content for video annotation by employing cross-document coreference techniques, mostly realised between the same text genres or in texts including restricted sets of events. We introduce a new, interesting and challenging scenario - film and the variety of collateral text genres narrating its content, including unrestricted sets of events. In particular, cross-document coreference between plot summaries and audio description is challenging, as these two texts differ significantly. The resulting cross-referencing can potentially enrich video annotation. We address the questions of how plot summaries and audio description refer to events depicted in films, whether the same events are expressed by lexical regularities in both texts and how solutions to the cross-document coreference task can be extended to deal with different text genres and unconstrained sets of events. This thesis introduces a new research domain for information extraction and cross-document coreference, reports on a corpus based analysis of the language used in plot summaries and audio description focusing on how events are expressed, proposes and evaluates solutions to the cross-document coreference task for an unconstrained set of events in different text types and provides two data sets for information extraction related research. We make three claims. First, plot summaries and audio description use lexical regularities, such as frequent open class words occurring more frequently than in general language, to describe film content. Second, these two texts use similar terms in referring to entities, but different terms in referring to events, i.e. different frequent, verbs. Frequent plot summary events are referred to by a very few lexical regularities in audio description. Third, the task of cross-document coreference between plot summary and audio description can be automated achieving at least 50% Precision and 33% Recall, by matching nouns, functional roles and some verbs, and taking into account the event temporal aspect. The Recall may be improved mostly by resolving all references to entities, while the Precision may be increased when treating a restricted set of events.

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Depuis une vingtaine d’années, le scénario américain s’est imposé comme modèle du scénario de fiction auprès des acteurs de la production de cinéma et de télévision pour sa performance et sa rationalité narratives. Conçu pour assurer au film de fiction le maximum de chance de succès, il subordonne la création audiovisuelle à un dispositif narratif assurant l’identification du spectateur et sa satisfaction émotionnelle. Or, eu égard à une ambition artistique du cinéma, sa légitimité est problématique. La présente recherche développe une alternative à la formalisation narrative du film à travers un mode de scénarisation qui subordonne la narration au discours filmique. L’identification au personnage y compte moins que l’expression d’une vision-audition du monde. / Since about twenty years, the American screenplay stood out as model of the script of fiction into cinema and TV production for its narrative performance and its rationality. Designed to insure public success to fiction movies, it subordinates the audiovisual creation to the narrative device, insuring identification of the spectator and its emotional satisfaction. But, in consideration of the artistic ambition of the cinema, its legitimacy is problematic. The present research develops an alternative in the narrative formalization of the movie through a mode of « scénarisation » which subordinates the story to the cinematic discourse. The identification of spectator to the character matters there less than the expression of a vision-hearing of the world.