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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Southern California, 2007. / Adviser: Akira Lippit. Includes bibliographical references.

本文的研究重點，是清代乾隆九年( 1744 ) 成書，由劉體恕編辜的《呂祖全書》三十二卷本。筆者會先探索早期流傳的呂祖賓信仰文本，包括呂洞賓仙傳故事的兩宋文人筆記、金元道書， 及明清之際多出自扶乩的呂祖道書，作為研究的基礎，因為後期出現的呂祖道書，其內容多是早期文本的整理與重構， 這有助於了解呂祖道書的傳承與發展。論文的研究環繞幾個主要問題，首先，呂洞賓信仰如何由地方信仰發展至後來的道派傳統?當中的傳承與發展有沒有一種穩定的結構?呂祖的信仰者處於不同的時間、派別、信仰形式，他們之間有沒有通過特別的方式作信仰的交流，甚至互為影響?筆者認為，劉體恕編裹的《呂祖全書》三十二卷本是清代呂祖信仰重要的發展，有著承先啟後的角色。在《呂祖全書》三十二卷本刊行以後，個別的呂祖道壇以《呂祖全書》三十二卷本為藍本，編集自己的呂祖道書集成，如乾隆四十年( 1775 ) 成書，由邵志琳編纂的《呂祖全書》六十四卷本、嘉慶年間由京官蔣予浦先後編集的《全書正宗》和《道藏輯要》以及由全真龍門派道士閔一得，於道光年間刊行的《古書隱樓藏書》 ，在這些呂祖道書集成的編纂中，反映了其所屬呂祖道壇的信仰特色。 / 論文的參考材料主要為兩末的文人筆記、收入《正統道藏》的呂祖道書和藏外其他呂祖文本， 多種地方史志及歷史地圖，以及部分金石資料等。詳細考察這些資料，有助了解呂洞賓仙傳的傳承與發展，也可以探索地方上呂祖信仰的活動及其實踐特色。從《呂祖全書》的編纂出發，也有助於對清代呂祖道壇的構成，他們的信仰及實踐有更多的了解。研究的焦點特別集中於呂祖道壇的參與者，他們來自不同的社會階層，包括朝廷命官、儒士文人、地方鄉紳、商人、道士等，他們參與編慕呂祖道書，構成了清代呂祖道壇的進一步發展。 / 有關呂祖道壇的研究是複雜的，不單是因為歷史上曾出現大量的文獻資料由社會不同層面、不同背景的作者構成，也由於呂祖道壇這個信仰現象在中國宗教歷史發展中存在複雜的發展路向。本文的目的旨在通過劉體恕編纂的《呂祖全書》三十二卷本出發，探討後來出現由個別清代呂祖道壇以其為基礎編集呂祖道書集成，通過編纂歷史和發展考察清代呂祖道壇的信仰特色。 / The focus of this research was placed on the compilation of Lüzu quanshu (The Complete Works of Patriarch Lü Dongbin), which works completed by Liu Tishu with 32 scrolls in the 9th year of Qianlong Reign (1744). In the thesis, the earlier texts related to the immortal Lü Dongbin will be examined, as by the past researches revealed that the later texts of Patriarch Lü inside the Daoist Canons and spread among the cults, which in its main lines was a product of spirit- writing practices, were reconstituted and reconstructed by those earlier works during Sung to Ming. I pose the following questions in the thesis: How did the cults of Patriarch Lü change over time? Who contributed to the transmission and the transformation? In what ways did the different cults of Patriarch Lü coexist and interact? The compilation of Lüzu quanshu completed by Liu Tishu in the 9th year of Qianlong Reign, is an important collection of texts of Patriarch Lü. After the compilation of Liu Tishu, there were several groups of peple, represents different cults of Patriarch Lü, to begin with their own compilation based on their needs. Such as the 64 scrolls reprint version of Lüzu quanshu by Shao Zhilin in 40th year of Qianlong Reign, the compilation of Quanshu Zhengzong and later the Daozang jiyao of a scholar- official, Jiang Yupu in Jiaqing Reign, and the works of a daoist priest of Quanzhen Longmen school, Min Yide and his Gu Shuyinlou cangshu. Those different works of compilation of the texts of Patriarch Lü, revealed their faith features of their cults. / The study draws its sources in different materials, including earlier and later texts related to Patriarch Lü , the notes materials from Sung to Ming, hagiographical accounts in the Daoist Canon, various local gazetteers and historical maps, and those steles and inscriptions reveals the practices and activities of the cults of Patriarch Lü in Qing Dynasty. Detailed descriptions of the history of the texts and hagiographies of Patriarch Lü are meant to help the exploration of the transmission history and their transformation of the cults. In the account of different compilation of the texts of Patriarch Lü, an examination toward the cults Patriarch Lü in Qing Dynasty can be launched, the study focused attention on the importance of the participants which came from many different social groups of late imperial China, including scholar- officials, local elites, Daoist priests, trades people, and artisans, especially those that influenced the growth of their cults represented by the compilation. / The research on the cults of Patriarch Lü is complicated, as there is a much larger body of texts, produced by variety of authors who representing a wide range of social backgrounds. The main goal of this thesis is to explore the faith features of the cults of Patriarch Lü, by the continues influences of the texts, hagiographies of Patriarch Lü, and his teaching of practices, which the author attempted to clarify the importance of the the compilation of Lüzu quanshu in the historical development. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 李家駿. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-218). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Li Jia'jun. / Chapter 第一章 --- 緒論 / Chapter 第一節 --- 呂洞賓信仰的歷史背景 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二節 --- 有關呂洞賓信仰的研究回顧 --- p.4 / Chapter 第三節 --- 研究的課題及方法 --- p.11 / Chapter 第二章 --- 早期呂洞賓信仰及其道書文本的流傳 / Chapter 第一節 --- 兩宋的呂洞賓傳說文本分析 --- p.19 / Chapter 1. --- 兩宋文人筆下的呂洞賓仙傳事跡 --- p.19 / Chapter 2. --- 早期的呂洞賓道書文本 --- p.24 / Chapter 3. --- 南宋《純陽呂真人文集》 --- p.25 / Chapter 第二節 --- 金元全真教與呂洞賓信仰 --- p.31 / Chapter 第三節 --- 明清時期的呂洞賓信仰及早期呂祖傳說的發展 --- p.41 / Chapter 第三章 --- 《呂祖全書》三十二卷本的編集與成書 --- p.48 / Chapter 第一節 --- 清代的湖北武昌府江夏縣與涵三宮 --- p.48 / Chapter 第二節 --- 《呂祖全書》三十二卷本的主要編暴者 --- p.65 / Chapter 1. --- 劉體恕 --- p.65 / Chapter 2. --- 劉允誠、劉蔭誡 --- p.69 / Chapter 3. --- 黃誠恕 --- p.70 / Chapter 4. --- 呂祖道壇江夏涵三宮 --- p.70 / Chapter 5. --- 小結 --- p.74 / Chapter 第三節 --- 《呂祖全書》三十二卷本版本研究和內容結構 --- p.76 / Chapter 1. --- 《呂祖全書》的版本研究 --- p.76 / Chapter 2. --- 《呂祖全書》三十二卷本的內容結構 --- p.86 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.103 / Chapter 第四章 --- 劉體恕編《呂祖全書》對清代呂祖道書:編集的影響 --- p.105 / Chapter 第一節 --- 邵志琳編《呂祖全書》六十四卷本 --- p.105 / Chapter 1. --- 《呂祖全書》六十四卷本的編彙與成書 --- p.106 / Chapter 2. --- 邵志林對《呂祖全書》三十二卷本的增補 --- p.115 / Chapter 3. --- 小結 --- p.124 / Chapter 第二節 --- 蔣予浦編《道藏輯要》 --- p.126 / Chapter 1. --- 《道藏輯要》的主要編彙者蔣予浦 --- p.129 / Chapter 2. --- 蔣予浦參與的呂祖道壇覺源壇 --- p.132 / Chapter 3. --- 呂祖道壇覺源壇的呂祖信仰 --- p.135 / Chapter 4. --- 小結 --- p.136 / Chapter 第三節 --- 閔一得編《古書隱樓藏書》 --- p.138 / Chapter 1. --- 閔一得與湖州全蓋山的呂祖信仰 --- p.140 / Chapter 2. --- 《古書隱樓藏書》與金蓋山的呂祖信仰 --- p.149 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.161 / Chapter 第五章 --- 《呂祖全書》對清代呂祖道壇的影響--以西樵山雲泉仙館為例 --- p.164 / Chapter 第一節 --- 西樵山雲泉仙館的創辦背景 --- p.166 / Chapter 第二節 --- 西樵山雲泉仙館的發展及館內的信仰生活 --- p.169 / Chapter 第三節 --- 西樵山雲泉仙館刊行的道書文獻 --- p.175 / Chapter 1. --- 《善與人同錄》及《呂祖師降三教幽科》 --- p.175 / Chapter 2. --- 《太微仙君呂純陽祖師功過格》 --- p.177 / Chapter 3. --- 《呂祖無極寶懺》 --- p.179 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.189 / Chapter 第六章 --- 總結 --- p.191 / 參考文獻

Der Bericht fasst die Ergebnisse einer Analyse der Zuchtpopulation des Deutschen Sportpferdes und der Evaluierung der Zuchtstutenprüfungen zusammen: Die Größe der Zuchtpopulation und deren genealogische Struktur ermöglichen es, Spezialzuchtprogramme durchzuführen. Der Einsatz von Veredlern sollte verstärkt werden. Vor allem die leistungsgeprüften Stuten sollten vermehrt zur Züchtung genutzt werden. Erforderlich sind Anreize, um Stuten in größerem Umfang der Stutenleistungsprüfung zuzuführen. Eine Kernaufgabe stellt die Reproduktion der Hengstmutterherde auf der Basis leistungsgeprüfter Elitestuten dar. In der Züchtung sollte eine stärkere Konzentration auf bewährte, leistungsstarke Stutenfamilien erfolgen.

This research project has investigated the mechanical behaviour of artificial turf surface systems used for sports under a range of real player movements, and the contribution of component layers to the overall system response by developing advanced measurement systems and methods. Artificial turf surface systems are comprised of a number of different materials and commonly with several layers, all of which contribute to their composite behaviour. During sports movements a player loads the surface, resulting in deformation that can change the surface behaviour, which in turn modifies the player biomechanical response. Improving the understanding of surface response to actual player loading is important for developing enhanced products for improving play performance. Likewise, by improving knowledge of surface effects on players, the understanding of injury risk can be improved. However, there is currently no published research to measure and analyse the behaviour of artificial turf system during real player locomotion. This research was undertaken to address this current lack of knowledge within the interaction between player and sports surface regarding the effects of player loading on the mechanical behaviour of artificial turf systems. In addition to support player loading regime, mechanical behaviour of hockey and third generation artificial turf surface systems and their component shockpad layers (a rubber shreds bonded shockpad and a polyurethane foam shockpad) was examined through dynamic cyclic compressive loading using an advanced material testing machine in laboratory environment. Each layer and carpet-shockpad system was subjected to controlled loading designed with previous biomechanical data at various loading frequencies (0.9 Hz, 3.3 Hz and 10 Hz) and under two different contact areas (50 mm and 125 mm diameter) to simulate aspects of player walking, running and sprinting. All layers and surface systems tested showed nonlinear stress-strain behaviour with hysteresis. Increasing the contact area resulted in reduced surface vertical deflection and more linear response. Increasing the loading frequency led to stiffer response in the lower stress range (< 400 kPa) for all surface systems. The third generation artificial turf systems showed also an increase in stiffness at higher stress range ( > 600 kPa) and a decrease in maximum strain as the loading frequency increased. Hysteresis loops obtained at different loading frequencies indicated that the amount of energy lost at the same peak load of 1900 N in each surface system decreased with an increase in loading rate. Player loading regime was performed to quantify the load/stress and the resulting surface deformation/strain under subject loading. Measurement systems including motion capture system, force plate and high speed were developed to characterise the response behaviour in a novel way. The mechanical behaviour of artificial turf surface systems under three player movement patterns (heel-toe walking, forefoot running and forefoot single leg landing) was measured. Boot-surface contact area of each movement varied during the stance. The heel-toe walking results indicated that the maximum applied stress and surface strain occurred in very early stance (first 10%) when the boot-surface contact area was small. For forefoot running and landing, the peak surface strain occurred around mid-stance concurrent with the time of peak applied stress. The maximum strain measured under running was smaller than under landing. A thin-film pressure sensing mat was used in both mechanical and player loading regimes and proved to be a useful tool for evaluating the pressure distributions and contact areas at different interfaces of the surface system. The applied stress on surface was observed to greatly reduce with depth over increasing contact area through the surface systems. Although the average pressure was reduced, pressure distribution contour showed directly under the surface load area the pressure at depth was still relatively large and that outside of this area the pressure was much lower. A comparison of the mechanical behaviour of artificial turf systems in terms of compressive strain, modulus of elasticity, stress distribution and energy loss under mechanical and player loading was evaluated. Key loading parameters in different loading regimes and their influence on surface system response were determined. The structure and material intrinsic properties of shockpad were considered to further explain the observed surface system behaviour. Two mathematical models were used to fit through the experimental data and found to be able to describe the loading behaviour. A breakthrough in understanding of the effects of real player loading on the mechanical behaviour response of artificial turf systems, and the contribution of the components to the whole system response has been achieved through the development of advanced measurement techniques.

The prompt production of &chi / c quarkonia is studied in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV, using data collected by CMS in 2011 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb &minus / 1. The &chi / c mesons are reconstructed through their radiative decays to J/&psi / and photon with J/&psi / &rarr / &mu / +&mu / &minus / . The photons are reconstructed through their conversion in electron-positron pairs in the tracking detector which gives a mass resolution sufficient for resolving these states. The ratio of the prompt production cross sections for the &chi / c1 and &chi / c2 states, &sigma / (&chi / c2)/&sigma / (&chi / c1), has been determined as a function of the J/&psi / transverse momentum between 7 and 25 GeV/c.

Scherk-Schwarz reductions are a generalization of Kaluza-Klein reductions in which the higher dimensional fields are allowed to have a dependence on the compactiifed coordinates. This is possible only if the higher dimensional theory has a global symmetry and the dependence is dictated by this symmetry. In this thesis we consider generalised Scherk Schwarz reductions of supergravity and superstring theories with twists by electromagnetic dualities that are symmetries of the equations of motion but not of the action, such as the S-duality of $D=4, N=4$ super-Yang-Mills coupled to supergravity. The reduction cannot be done on the action itself, but must be done either on the field equations or on a duality invariant form of the action, such as one in the doubled formalism in which potentials are introduced for both electric and magnetic fields. The resulting theory in odd dimensions has massive form fields satisfying a self-duality condition $dA sim m*A$. We apply these methods to theories in $D=4,6,8$, and obtain new gauged supergravity theories with massive form fields, with Chern-Simons like couplings and with a scalar potential in $D=3,5,7$.

Industrial remains can be found in many regions that experienced industrialization. However, they are, in general, at risk of loss through destruction and abandonment. Promoting tourism can be a helpful tool for regional restructuring and economic development. The creative economy is also emerging as a powerful tool for reinvigorating economic growth, employment and social cohesion of those areas, which may affect the development of touristic activities and industries. However, little research has been done to link creative economy theory and industrial heritage tourism. This paper elaborates on and clarifies the link between industrial heritage tourism and creative economy, and illustrates the impact of creativity and the driving role of the creative class in industrial heritage tourism through a case study. The study site, 798 art zone, is a newly emerged tourism destination in China which developed based on an abandoned soviet-style factory. Through analyzing the initiation status of tourism development in the factory, the interests of visitors, the influences of tourism, and the role of artists, the research reveals the dramatic change under the impact of tourism and more recently added development boom that has taken place at the 798 art zone. The findings identify the characteristics of 798 art zone in different periods and the contributions of the artist community to the art zone. Unlike most industrial heritage tourism sites, the development of 798 art zone was bottom up owing to the creativity of artists. With their creative eyes, artists identified the special features of the abandoned factory (high ceilings, historic design, open spaces, and abundant natural light), and used their creativity to add artistic feelings to this area. When the factory was facing the fate of being razed, they pulled together. With their efforts, the factory was preserved and 798 art zone was acknowledged by the government. The results are in accord with the creative economy theory that creativity is the driving force of economic development and improve the understanding of how creativity and tourism interact. The development pattern of 798 art zone might not apply precisely to any other places in the world, but it provides an effective alternative model for revitalization of old industrial sites as well as other tourism sites. Some management related suggestions and concerns about 798 art zone and tourists profile are proposed. Both practical implications and academic insights are presented based on the major findings of this study.

Industrial remains can be found in many regions that experienced industrialization. However, they are, in general, at risk of loss through destruction and abandonment. Promoting tourism can be a helpful tool for regional restructuring and economic development. The creative economy is also emerging as a powerful tool for reinvigorating economic growth, employment and social cohesion of those areas, which may affect the development of touristic activities and industries. However, little research has been done to link creative economy theory and industrial heritage tourism. This paper elaborates on and clarifies the link between industrial heritage tourism and creative economy, and illustrates the impact of creativity and the driving role of the creative class in industrial heritage tourism through a case study. The study site, 798 art zone, is a newly emerged tourism destination in China which developed based on an abandoned soviet-style factory. Through analyzing the initiation status of tourism development in the factory, the interests of visitors, the influences of tourism, and the role of artists, the research reveals the dramatic change under the impact of tourism and more recently added development boom that has taken place at the 798 art zone. The findings identify the characteristics of 798 art zone in different periods and the contributions of the artist community to the art zone. Unlike most industrial heritage tourism sites, the development of 798 art zone was bottom up owing to the creativity of artists. With their creative eyes, artists identified the special features of the abandoned factory (high ceilings, historic design, open spaces, and abundant natural light), and used their creativity to add artistic feelings to this area. When the factory was facing the fate of being razed, they pulled together. With their efforts, the factory was preserved and 798 art zone was acknowledged by the government. The results are in accord with the creative economy theory that creativity is the driving force of economic development and improve the understanding of how creativity and tourism interact. The development pattern of 798 art zone might not apply precisely to any other places in the world, but it provides an effective alternative model for revitalization of old industrial sites as well as other tourism sites. Some management related suggestions and concerns about 798 art zone and tourists profile are proposed. Both practical implications and academic insights are presented based on the major findings of this study.

Radiative Decays of the phi-meson to the scalar mesons f0(980) and a0(980) are investigated within the framework of charged kaon loop model for both point-like scalar mesons and for scalar mesons with extended structure. Then, the radiative phi-meson decay into neutral K-meson is studied via a two step mechanism in which the scalar mesons couple the final state to the phi-meson through the charged kaon loop. The branching ratio of this decay is calculated and it is shown that this reaction will not provide a significant background to the measurements of phi-meson into neutral K-meson states decay for testing CP violation.