This thesis argues that the history of early modern private life has erroneously deployed a model of sixteenth-century private/public relations which is by turns absolutist and feudal. Specifically challenging the influence of David Starkey's paradigm of "intimacy" with the monarch as the prior condition of Tudor representation, I submit five case studies of Renaissance literary and visual intimacy, arguing instead for a model of social proximities that takes account of the textuality of intimacy, the textual construction of privacy and the cultural importance of works which lie outside the domain of royal patronage and representation. I consider the ways in which sixteenth-century treatments of the Henry VIII's "minion", Mark Smeaton, and John Heywood's construction of the minion in The Play of the Wether (1533) are linked by their attempt to negotiate the subject of sexual intimacy with the king. I argue for Gerlach Flicke's 1554 prison diptych of himself with the pirate Henry Strangeways as an articulation of subaltern intimacy between men connected by their criminal status. I contend that the miniature portraits by the mid-Tudor court artist Levina Teerlinc are testaments to social and mercantile proximities that are not predicated upon a special intimacy between female artist and female monarch. I explore texts relating to Dorothy Percy, wife of the ninth earl of Northumberland and sister of the second earl of Essex, in the context of her dealings with her male relations. Through this I argue for the contemporary existence (particularly in moments of political crisis) of a paradigm of intimacy-as-abuse based on the genre of the intelligence letter. Finally I suggest that the manuscripts produced by the writing master Esther Inglis during the English succession crisis of 1599, traditionally read as examples of private, female calligraphy, should be seen as intelligence documents, as manifestations of Anglo-Scottish diplomacy which exploit the textuality of Renaissance intimacy.

This thesis provides a survey of the English memory of the Second World War and Holocaust using oral interviews. Drawing from work by Halbwachs on collective memory and Grele on myth-making I demonstrate how people use national collective memory to provide frameworks for their individual narratives of memory or remembrance. I will also show how various influences from media and education have contributed to promoting and sustaining some of the myths associated with the British experience of the Second World War. However, by an empirical analysis of the data I also demonstrate how different groups within the nation, especially the family setting, have emotional charged memories that differ markedly from the national collective memory. Therefore, the study also notes remarkable divergences in the ‘public’ and ‘private’ representation of World War II and the Holocaust within England. I will illustrate how certain memories and representations have been marginalised as they are not useful to the overall social cohesion of the national community, which draws a level of security from the popular British war memory. Therefore this study adds a contribution to the discourse surrounding the memory of the Second World War and the Holocaust within England.

No description available.

This study explores a specific way of thinking about history and its use: the idea of history as magistra vitae. It aims to uncover the previously underexplored influence that an emulative understanding of ancient history had in shaping the work of certain key modem political thinkers. Its specific focus is, however, narrower: the lessons from history centred on the individual, and only those: examples which further greatness. For authors adopting such an idea of history, the emulation of great examples from the past is taken as the key to the conduct of one's own life and, more importantly, as indispensable for men who lead a vita activa. The main interest of this work is turned towards the view of history as an inducement for action: as a stimulus to strive for a vita activa of great political accomplishments, providing the reader also with a lesson about how to achieve them.

Exploring connections between events is paramount to any historical and philosophical investigation. Historians will always be eager to draw connections between events, so that they can better establish the significance of certain happenings and measure their impact effectively. Seeking out information in historical and philosophical domains is complex, multifaceted and requires unveiling and exploring new associations and relationships between happenings. Although several event models and information systems for handling connections between events have been developed so far, there is a lack of formal approaches to build a framework for connecting historical events. Our work contributes to the field of Computing for Humanities, i.e. the field that bridges humanities disciplines and computational approaches. The aim of this research is to describe a formal approach for generating Semantic Trajectories, defined as logically constructed paths derived from an Event Ontology and semantically enriched by using a set of rules as well as connection templates definitions. Our approach employs Semantic Trajectories to help users discover key ideas and explore relevant connections, and it is illustrated in a case study from the History of Science domain. The thesis presents a framework for modelling events and representing temporal information. This was inspired by Davidson's theory of events in which each event-forming predicate is enriched with an additional argument to be filled: with a variable ranging over a number of specific dated occurrences (event-tokens). This results in a unified and systematic way to associate properties to historical events. Moreover, the temporal dimension between events, crucial element especially in historical domains, has been modelled following Allen's interval relationships model, which allows comparing time points between events. We have also specified our temporal framework further in order to deal with time points of different granularity. Our formal framework has been implemented using Logic programming paradigms for the conceptual data modelling and reasoning apparatus. Furthermore, we have evaluated our generic approach in the application domain of Knowledge Discovery for supporting essay writing with the aim of helping students identify semantically connected historical events and entities, according to an essay title.

No description available.

David C. Hoaglin, Roy E. Welsch. / Bibliography: leaves 40-41.

Zu bewundern ist an diesem Buch der detailreiche Überblick, die synthetische Kraft der Nacherzählung einer wichtigen Episode deutscher Geistesgeschichte. Die Aufbruchstimmung während und nach der Napoleonischen Besatzung wird plastisch an einigen Protagonisten verdeutlicht, die in Philosophie, Theologie und Historie wirkmächtig gelehrt und geschrieben haben. Wer für Hegel, Schleiermacher und Niebuhr einen gemeinsamen zeitgenössischen Kontext sucht, kann keine bessere Auskunft erhalten als in dieser spannend erzählten Studie über das romantische Denken in Deutschland.

Against the Tide investigates systematically for the first time how resistances to methodologies advanced by historians associated with the Annales School, one of the most influential twentieth-century schools of historical thought, came to exist in England, France, Germany, Italy and the United States between 1900 and 1970. It defines ‘methodology' in broad terms as the practice of history and poses a series of questions about resistances: who or what created them? What constituted them? Did they centre on a particular methodology, Annales historian or the Annales School as a whole? And what did opposition to methodologies incorporate: technical debates in isolation or wider issues associated with politics, religion and philosophy? The dissertation uses an interdisciplinary conceptual framework,drawing together ideas advanced in the history of science, sociology of education and knowledge, and comparative history, in order to answer these questions. The responses offered refer to and draw on a selection of sources: one hundred and nine scholars' private archives, the articles, books, critical reviews and published letters of a variety of historians and segments of the growing literature both about the Annales School and about the institutions within which the historical discipline operated during the twentieth century. They suggest that resistances played an important part in the international dissemination of Annales historians' methodologies, that resistors held different ideas about the Annales School from those of its creators and divergent methodological commitments, but that they like Annales historians often sought to enhance historical research and sometimes worked on the same subjects but in different and occasionally equally inventive ways. Overall, the findings illustrate a limited but important part of Annales' own history and thereby help to cast the School in new light on terms other than its own by placing it in the transnational context of twentieth-century transatlantic historiography.

This thesis aims to analyse the change and continuity issue in German Foreign Policy. In this study, the basic aim is to identify the basic parameters of the West German foreign policy during the Cold War and identify the implications of the reunification on foreign policy of Germany. Actually, after the reunification, the economically giant Germany has started to pursue a more self-reliant foreign policy course but there is not a radical shift from the basic parameters and the core values. The concept of &amp / #8216 / civilian power&amp / #8217 / and the international climate within which the foreign policy is formulated, will be given priority. It is argued that from the Gulf War in 1990-1991 to the Kosovo War of 1999, German contribution to military operations has increased. However, Germany has done this within a multilateral context and the aim has been to keep the values of respect for democracy and human rights. Thus, continuity dominates over change in German foreign policy, with regard to its policy record during the 1990s.