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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Landscape change : the case of two Pennine parishes

Newton, Sheila Coralie Severn January 2014 (has links)
The parishes of Edmundbyers and Muggleswick in the valley of the River Derwent on the borders of Northumberland and Durham have been relatively neglected archaeologically until recently. Historically they are linked because they formed a mediaeval estate which belonged to Durham Cathedral Priory before the Dissolution of the Monasteries. This thesis investigates certain of the changes that have taken place in the landscape of the parishes and the factors that have contributed to them, making comparisons with other parts of Britain to set the conclusions in context. Landscape archaeology theory is outlined, as well as topographical details and an account of the local history. The latter includes an examination of local place names which support the evidence of the development of the parishes. Three important influences on the landscape are discussed and assessed. Firstly climate and climate change, with the influences of famine and disease, are investigated. The effects of these factors on the landscape and, especially, the possible desertion of farms are also examined. Enclosure and improvement, particularly local but with comparisons to the country as a whole, are discussed. Fields and agricultural systems are particularly studies and provide evidence of landscape changes in the study parishes. The discovery of older boundaries within some of the fields is of especial interest. Communication systems, such as roads, can be the route by which the necessary knowledge for improvement is spread. The analysis of the development of communications in the study area demonstrates this. Some significant ancient routes and alterations to routes have been discovered. This research has contributed a great deal of information to the understanding of the development of the landscape in the Upper Derwent Valley. It has also shown that even a limited area such as this has potential for further investigation.
2

The environmental history of a south Pennine valley : 1284 A.D. to present

Ibbetson, H. J. January 2012 (has links)
This thesis is a multidisciplinary landscape history of a South Pennine upland valley. Previous landscape history research in the South Pennines is comparatively slight. Luddenden Dene, West Yorkshire, was chosen because initial investigation showed wel1-preserved landscape archaeology. Fourteen sites were selected for geoarchaeological investigation. Historical context was from primary and secondary sources. An unusually detailed environmental history was reconstructed, enabling identification of influences on landscape formation. Survey work shows this pattern may be widespread in the South Pennines and further afield. Limitations were imposed by the nature and chronological resolution of the sites, nature of the historical record and logistics. The sites provide a paiimpsest of evidence from ea, 1442 AD to present, whilst historical evidence extends discontinuously to 1066 AD. The history of the valley could be divided into a series of phases - Saltonstal1 (1284- ea, 1640 AD), Wade Wood (ca. 1640-1750 AD), Jerusalem Farm (ca.1750-1840 AD), Bilton Pier (ca.1840-1870 AD), Holme House Bridge (ca.1870-present) phases. In the Saltonstall-Jerusalem Farm phases, near-monoculture oak coppice and previously unknown mining, charcoal burning and iron smelting complexes were identified. Impacts included colluviation on hillslopes and fluvial aggradation on the valley floor. During the Bilton Pier Phase, cessation of coppicing caused a rise in oak pollen and iron production was reorganised. Later, beech pollen appears, reflecting ornamental and recreational use of woodlands. Contributions to knowledge include establishment of the first comprehensive landscape history for the period in an area which relatively has been archeological1y and historical1y neglected, and in providing new perspectives on the role of Medieval and post-Medieval activity in shaping South Pennine landscapes.
3

Farming community and identity in Lower Wharfedale, Yorkshire, 1914-1951

Rowling, Jane Elizabeth January 2017 (has links)
The terms ‘community’ and ‘local’ carry with them a host of preconceived ideas and positive connotations which are often taken as self-evident. This study re-examines the two ideas in the context of a farming community in Yorkshire in the early part of the twentieth century, using original oral testimony obtained through the author’s pre-existing connections with the locality. A key component of this investigation is the use of classic works on community, ethnography, sociology, ontology, philosophy and critical theory to provide a foundation on which to build an understanding of the oral evidence. By exploring themes of space and place, gender and embodiment, and social and cultural boundaries, it is possible to trace the threads upon which community is based as they continued through the large-scale changes which characterised the period 1914 to 1951, and even into the twenty-first century. The evidence for this continuity among Lower Wharfedale’s farming community suggests that the idea of the decline of rural communities during the twentieth century is flawed. While quantitative decline is evident, what emerges from this study is a picture of a community which ensures its own survival by adapting and changing to suit the context in which it finds itself, relying on trust, shared knowledge and experience, and a sense of shared identity and ‘togetherness’ in order to survive. The study concludes that ‘community’ is a performance given through the activities of everyday life, a possession to be protected or given as a gift by its members, and a passport granting entry to other communities which overlap in terms of membership or values.
4

"We'll wreath the shamrock with the rose" : Irish nationalism in the West Riding

Maguire, Andrew F. January 2016 (has links)
This thesis aims to explore the Irish migrant experience within the geographical confines of the West Riding of Yorkshire during a fifty-year period from e.1870-1922. It focuses on the constitutional, or moral-force, philosophy of Irish nationalism in a diasporic/external context and how Irish migrants engaged in political activism. It traces the emergence and development of Irish national clubs and branches that operated under various names during the period — commonly referred to as the ‘League’. Supporting the pursuit of legislative independence for Ireland under the banner of Irish Home Rule was the over-arching aim of the League, which in turn became a defining feature of the migrant experience. The experience of the migrant is therefore examined through the prism of politics, and how notions of sentimentalism and fidelity to the homeland evolved over several decades. This work closely examines the functions of the League at both the local and regional level, with reference to wider British and Irish political contexts. Particular attention is given to the electoral and voting potential of a minority, or special interest group, that sought to influence electoral outcomes from within Yorkshire constituencies in the furtherance of Irish independence. What emerges is a complex admixture of ethno-religious political relations that became defined by tripartite political relations between migrant, indigenous and Irish politicians. What emerged was a gradual process of hybrid politics that eventually set the migrant on a path of assimilation/integration — at least in the sphere of politics. It became a process of the politics of migration, and the migration of politics.
5

Demographic, economic and social change in the later eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries : some conclusions from a study of four towns in Yorkshire from circa 1750 to circa 1830

Bellingham, Roger Alan January 2000 (has links)
During the period from c. 1750 to c1830 Easingwold, Market Weighton, Pocklington and Selby were small market towns, but all had wider functions and their economic fortunes were closely linked to changes in the regional transport systems. The way each town developed was in part due to their location but was also influenced by the actions of those who lived there. Thus those in charge at Selby used the transit traffic generated by the Selby canal as a foundation upon which to built the town's prosperity, in particular by constructing a bridge over the Ouse in 1792, despite strong opposition. The survival of the 1788 Window and Assessed Taxes return for Selby, which included the short lived Shop Tax, permits an unusual insight into the life of the town at that date. Besides throwing considerable light on the commercial activities in the town, the data has wider implications regarding the general provision of shops at that time. Between 1777 and 1812 the parish registers of many Yorkshire parishes, among them Easingwold, Pocklington and Selby, were in the extended 'Dade' format. Those for Selby are of an unusually high quality. These useful registers can provide demographic data that is in many ways superior to the data used by E.A. Wrigley and others in English Population History from family reconstitution 1580-1837 (1997). The view of those authors is that the demographic behaviour of migrants did not differ from those who did not migrate. The Selby data raises serious doubts so to whether this is a valid assumption. The research so far undertaken suggests that further research using Yorkshire Dade registers may show that the overall demographic experience of Yorkshire between 1777 and 1812 was different to that of England as a whole, as portrayed in English Population History.
6

Early medieval landscapes : Lindisfarne : a case study

Walsh, Kevin January 1993 (has links)
This research is an integral part of an ongoing archaeological field project on the Northumbrian island of Lindisfarne (also known as Holy Island) directed by Deirdre O'Sullivan and Rob Young of the School of Archaeological Studies at the University of Leicester. The project is multi-period, and has investigated sites spanning from the Mesolithic to the industrial period. The specific aim of the work for this thesis is the reconstruction the environment contemporary with the early medieval settlement site of Green Shiel on the north shore of Lindisfarne, and to consider the relationship of environment to site function and economy. The principle aim of the work is to show how no site can be interpreted without recourse to a wide range of data sources including archaeological data, environmental evidence and historical sources. Fundamental to such a synthetic approach is the analysis of spatial scales beyond the site itself as no settlement can be interpreted in isolation from other settlements and the broader landscape. The reconstruction of the environment around the Green Shiel site is located within a broader discussion of the early medieval period in Northumberland. It is argued that the interpretation of this site, and indeed any site, is limited if off-site environmental reconstruction is not attempted. Such work should then be integrated within a broader historical framework that considers the nature of socio-economic systems that would have obviously influenced the ways in which any environment was exploited. This research was carried out as a part of the Lindisfarne Excavation Project which many people have been involved with. Other than thanking my two supervisors, Tony Brown and Deirdre 0' Sullivan, special thanks must also go to Rob Young, co-director of the Lindisfarne project. I am also indebted to a number of other people who have contributed to the project and have allowed me to consult the results of their own work, most notably Pete Boyer and Sarah Crane. I should also like to thank the following people for their assistance and advice during the period of research: Martin Bell, Neil Christie, Gerraint Coles, Tony Gould well, Graham Morgan, Andy Plater, Alex Powers, Michael Tooley, Marijke van der Veen, and David 0' Connor and Phil Davey of the English Nature NNR.
7

Beyond the defensible threshold : the house-building culture of Berwick-upon-Tweed and the East March, 1550-1603

Kent, Catherine Laura January 2016 (has links)
The thesis questions the assumption that housebuilding in England’s far north was limited by a need for defensibility until after the Union of the English and Scottish Crowns in 1603. Only a few houses survive to provide evidence but the concept of a ‘house-building culture’ enables an interdisciplinary approach to the subject, using historical, architectural and archaeological evidence originating in the culture within which houses were conceived, constructed and altered. A proposed model for the house-building culture also structures the thesis. Chapters 3-6 examine some individual elements. The character of pre-existing houses suggests what builders might have expected from a house, while alterations indicate a desire for more rooms with specific functions, wider stairs and new chimneys, hallmarks of Hoskins’ ‘Great Rebuilding’. Changing tenure encouraged higher-quality housebuilding, and urban plots provide evidence of Johnson’s ‘closure’. The ‘builders’ who instigated particular house-building or alteration projects, and their motives for building, are examined, as are the craftsmen and artisans and their materials, and finally the communication between builders and craftsmen within the construction process. Chapters 7 and 8 provide six ‘building biographies’ which show this house-building culture at work in various situations. They demonstrate how the culture can form a useful lens with which to view houses which no longer exist or about which little is known, as well as to expand understanding of those apparently better understood. Overall, the study indicates that Berwick and the East March were involved in national trends such as ‘rebuilding’ or ‘closure’, albeit in a locally-defined way. Defence was by no means its primary driver or defining characteristic, although the presence of a previously unrecognised non-domestic type of military ‘stronghouse’ is suggested.
8

Hospitality in a Cistercian abbey : the case of Kirkstall in the Later Middle Ages

Thomason, Richard James Andrew January 2015 (has links)
This thesis examines hospitality as provided by Cistercian communities via a case study of Kirkstall Abbey (Leeds, West Yorkshire). It analyses the practices of hospitality as enacted at Kirkstall over a long duration of time, and the place that hospitality had in the life of the community. Hospitality is explored through four concepts: the host, the space(s) of hospitality, the guest, and the welcome. Defining these elements enables the study of how they are represented in a wide variety of archaeological and textual sources. Spiritual writings, documentary evidence, and archaeological evidence are brought together to form a holistic, unified interpretation of Cistercian hospitality in its historical and material contexts. Chapter 1 is a study of Cistercians as hosts, and uses normative and spiritual texts to investigate how Cistercians conceived of hospitality within the framework of their observance. Chapter 2 analyses the spaces of hospitality with special reference to Kirkstall. In order to understand developments at Kirkstall more fully, a survey of Cistercian guest accommodation from the twelfth to sixteenth centuries is presented. Chapter 3 uses Kirkstall’s small finds and documentary sources to examine the social status, personal identities, and gender of guests. Chapter 4 assesses the facilities provided within the guest house and what activities took place there, including provision of food. Ultimately it is argued that hospitality was a fully integrated component of Cistercian observance, which allowed monks to connect with the wider world in a practical way while upholding the tenets of their observance.
9

Changing cultural dynamics in prehistory on the Yorkshire Wolds

Whitaker, Kathleen January 2011 (has links)
The Yorkshire Wolds encompasses a region with a rich and varied history where prehistoric funerary monuments abound. Explorations, both amateur and professional, have been carried out for over two centuries, resulting in a disjointed collection of human skeletons. What is perhaps surprising is that the human remains data has never been collated so the picture of prehistoric life on the Wolds is poorly understood. The aim of this thesis is to reconstruct the lifeways of the prehistoric people who were buried on the Yorkshire Wolds, and to assess to what degree the data is different to that from other parts of Britain or Europe. By investigating the themes of quality of life, social differentiation and movement within the context of osteology it was possible to determine a more realistic representation of the past. Using a multitude of methodologies including osteological and paleopathological diagnosis, stable isotope analysis and examinations of funerary rites to recognise and appreciate the complex relationships of people and their environment in prehistory. It has been determined that the inhabitants were subject to a variety of stressors in their earlier and later years, and that they experienced severe hardships in order to survive. The quality of life of these people decreased through time, and most specifically it was the women that lost out on the opportunity to improve their chances for survival and reproduction. The mechanisms associated with these changes may have been related to maternal health as well as the social differentiation that may have favoured males in the later period. As opposed to representing a single homogeneous collective inhabiting this region of East Yorkshire, these groups encompassed individuals with a range of backgrounds and movements. Although those buried on the Wolds have been identified as distinct or special owing to their burials, this did not buffer them from the harsh prehistoric landscape of the Yorkshire Wolds.
10

Textual networks and the country house : the 3rd Earl of Carlisle at Castle Howard

DeGroff, H. J. January 2012 (has links)
The following thesis is centred on Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Carlisle (1669-1738) and the life that he lived at Castle Howard in North Yorkshire, the country house which he built at the turn of the eighteenth century. The thesis argues that Carlisle was not isolated from social and cultural spheres whilst living in Yorkshire, a view that has been put forward by the existing historiography. Via the arrival of books, letters, and news to Castle Howard, the Earl remained connected to social and political events as well as cultural movements despite being geographically remote from London and other urban centres. In many instances, his family, close friends, and agents acted as intermediaries, sourcing, recommending, and sending north all types of textual material. The Earl’s participation in epistolary, news, and book exchange networks – at regional and national levels – meant Castle Howard was an active site of textual exchange and engagement in the first four decades of the eighteenth century. Such a reading challenges, more generally, the traditional interpretation that country house residents were disconnected from the nation’s Capital as well as the local communities that they neighboured.

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