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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Activity of Amphotericin B, Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, Micafungin, Posaconazole, and Voriconazole Against Candida Albicans With Decreased Susceptibility to Fluconazole From Apeced Patients on Long-Term Azole Treatment of Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis

Rautemaa, Riina, Richardson, Malcolm, Pfaller, Michael A., Perheentupa, Jaakko, Saxén, Harri 01 October 2008 (has links)
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED, APS-I) is exceptionally common in Finland. Most patients have chronic oral candidiasis since childhood. Thus, most patients receive repeated courses of antifungals throughout their life. Eleven of our patients (31.4%) have become colonized with Candida albicans with decreased sensitivity to fluconazole. A total of 43 isolates of C. albicans from 23 APECED patients isolated during the years 1994 to 2004 were divided into 2 groups: fluconazole-susceptible dose-dependent (MIC, 16-32 μg/mL, 18 isolates) and fluconazole-susceptible (MIC ≤8 μg/mL, 25 isolates) groups. Antifungal activity of amphotericin B, echinocandins, and azoles was determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27-A2 methodology. All isolates were highly susceptible to amphotericin B and echinocandins. Posaconazole and voriconazole were active against all isolates. Our data suggest that topical amphotericin B could continue to be a safe and active drug for daily administration for APECED patients. Posaconazole, voriconazole, and echinocandins may be useful in some complicated cases.
2

Novas funções da proteina AIRE : 1) seu papel na resposta mediada por dectina-1 em fagocitos mononucleares humanos. 2) sua associação com a queratina 17, proteina dos filamentos intermediarios / New roles of AIRE protein : 1) AIRE role in Dection-1 mediated patway in human mononuclear phagocytes and 2) AIRE association with keratin-17, a component of intermediate filaments

Talero, Luis Alberto Pedroza 13 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Antonio Condino Neto / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T22:05:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Talero_LuisAlbertoPedroza_D.pdf: 1538530 bytes, checksum: 6dc94ec71cdd6f03d096be015a2b1757 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A Poliendocrinopatia autoimune associada a candidíase e distrofia ectodérmica (APECED) é um síndrome caracterizado pela presença de pelo menos dois sintomas clínicos, endocrinopatia autoimune, sendo que as mais comuns são hipoparatiroidismo, doença de Addison, além de candidíase mucocutânea crônica. É também comum nos pacientes o desenvolvimento de distrofia ectodérmica, como distrofia nas unhas ou alopécia. O APECED é produzido por mutações no gene AIRE, que codifica uma proteína com propriedades reguladoras na transcrição de proteínas ectópicas no timo, o que estaria envolvido na seleção negativa de células T auto-reativas, e conseqüentemente no desenvolvimento da doença autoimune. No entanto a associação da deficiência da proteína AIRE com a suscetibilidade a candidíase ou a distrofia ectodérmica permanecem obscuras. No presente trabalho, investigamos a possibilidade que esta associação esteja envolvida com a expressão e função da proteína AIRE no ambiente extra-tímico. Usando células de sangue periférico de pacientes com mutações no AIRE, e a técnica de SiRNA para silenciar este gene em células de linhagem mielomonocítica THP-1, demonstramos que a proteína AIRE é importante para a resposta via KF-kB dos TLRs e Dectina-1, sendo que AIRE está presente num complexo com Dectina-1, Syk e Card-9, formado após o estímulo com Curdlan. Além disso demonstramos que a formação deste complexo pode acontecer no citoplasma ou membrana citoplasmática, uma vez que após este estímulo, a proteína AIRE é exportada do núcleo permanecendo temporariamente na membrana. Finalmente usando a técnica de espectroscopia de massa e microscopia confocal, mostramos que AIRE interage com a proteína Queratina 17, tanto em células THP-1 como em células HaCaT (linhagem de queratinócitos), quando as células entram num estágio de espraiamento e migração. Assim, a presença da proteína AIRE na via de sinalização da Dectina-1, pode estar relacionada com a susceptibilidade a infecções crônicas por C. albicans observada nestes pacientes. A resposta imune via Dectina-1 é importante na resposta a este fungo e defeitos na molécula CARD9 e Dectina-1 podem estar associados a Candidíase mucocutânea crônica. Por outro lado, a descrição da associação de AIRE com K17 pode ser relevante, já que pacientes com mutações no gene que codifica para a proteína K17 desenvolvem uma doença chamada paquioníquia congênita, caracterizada por distrofia das unhas e alopécia, características clínicas observadas também nos pacientes com APECED. Deste modo, neste trabalho apresentamos evidências que apontam para um novo papel funcional da proteína AIRE no ambiente extratímico, que poderia explicar em parte algumas características clínicas dos pacientes com APECED, como a elevada suscetibilidade a infecções por C. albicans, e a distrofia ectodérmica / Abstract: The autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis and ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is characterized by the presence of two from three major clinical symptoms: Addison's disease, and/or hypoparathyroidism, and/or chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. These patients develop also ectodermal dystrophies like nail dystrophy and alopecia. APECED is caused by mutations in the autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE). This gene encodes a protein with DNA binding capacity that can transcriptionally modulate ectopic peripheral tissue antigen (PTA) expression in the thymus, facilitating T cell negative selection. Defects in AIRE may be related with the development of multipleendocrine failure of autoimmune origin in patients with APECED. In spite of this, the role of AIRE deficiency in the C. albicans susceptibility or ectodermal dystrophy, common features in APECED patients, remains to be elucidated. In the present work we explored the hypothesis that candidiasis and ectodermal dystrophy are associated with the extra-thymic role of AIRE. For this we used peripheral blood mononuclear cells from APECED patients, and also THP-1 cells treated with SiRNA for AIRE gene to obtain AIRE deficient cells. We demonstrated that AIRE is required for Dectin-1- and TLR-ligand-induced inflammatory response and complexes with Dectin-1, Syk, and CARD9 after Curdlan stimulation. In addition, we showed that this complex formation takes place outside the nucleus, once that after Curdlan stimulation AIRE seems to be exported to the cytoplasm and transiently locate at the cytoplasmic membrane. Finally using mass spectra and confocal microscopy, we showed an interaction between AIRE and the intermediate filament protein Keratin-17, in both THP-1 cells and the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Therefore, the presence of AIRE protein in Dectin-1 pathway seems to be important on the C. albicans response, and the absence of this protein could be a risk factor important for developing candidiasis, commonly observed in APECED patients. This observation is supported by the fact that Dectin-1 is important for C albicans response, and also the recently description of mutations in Dectin-1 and CARD9 and its association with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. On the other hand, the description of AIRE and K17 association is important, since patients with defects on K17 gene develop congenital pachyonychia, a disease characterized by nail dystrophy and alopecia, also observed in APECED patients. Thus we provided evidence for a new role of AIRE protein in the extrathymic environment, which in may explain, at least in part, some of the common clinical features other than autoimmunity, observed in APECED patients / Doutorado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente

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