Um edifício de alvenaria estrutural normalmente se apóia sobre uma estrutura de concreto armado. Devido à existência do efeito arco, a interação entre a alvenaria e a estrutura de concreto se dá de forma complexa. Usualmente essa interação é desconsiderada e as cargas das paredes de alvenaria são simplesmente colocadas na estrutura de concreto de maneira uniforme. Este trabalho propõe um procedimento numérico seguro e eficiente, baseado no método dos elementos finitos, para se considerar essa interação. Inicialmente são discutidos alguns conceitos básico sobre o efeito arco e estabelecida uma estratégia de cálculo baseada na modelagem de um pavimento de alvenaria sobre a estrutura de concreto armado. Em seguida é apresentado um programa para gerar dados e visualizar resultados, de forma que a construção dos modelos e a visualização dos resultados seja realizada com facilidade. Como aplicação, consideram-se os casos reais de edifícios completos de forma a se mostrar a possibilidade de utilização prática dos procedimentos propostos. / A structural masonry building is commonly supported by a reinforced concrete structure. That interaction is complex to evaluate due to the existence of the so-called \"arch effect\". In fact, usually this interaction is not considered and the loads are uniformly applied over the concrete structure. This work proposes a simple and efficient numerical procedure based on the finite element method in order to consider that interaction. First, basic concepts about arch effect and the adopted strategy for considering it are shown. After, a computational program for data generation and results visualization is presented. This program was developed for making easier to build the numerical models for the analysis. Finally, real cases of complete buildings are considered so that the practical use can be clearly established.

The thesis focuses on the prevention and correction of arch defects of the foot in children during their first grade of elementary school. In this paper, we analyze whether it is possible within the school curriculum to contribute to the prevention and recovery of students through an exercise program and to include this in the curriculum. We offer a variety of aids that are useful for the program. The aim of the experiment is to assess the extent of those defects in children and the effects of the exercises on the foot. The contribution of the exercise program on the arch of the foot evaluated using plantography before and after the intervention, interviews with pedagogues, questioning of the pupils and their legal representatives. A part of the work is methodical set of exercises, which are useful for daily exercise. The research group consists of 28 students from the second grade of elementary school. After completing the training program, the incidences of children with malformation of the foot arch decreased by 3.6%. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Abstract There is a lack of reliable methods of evaluation of brain ischemic injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The present study was, therefore, planned to evaluate whether serum S100β protein (I), brain cortical microdialysis (II), intracranial pressure (III) and electroencephalography (EEG) (IV) are predictive of postoperative death and brain ischemic injury in an experimental surviving porcine model of hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA). One hundred and twenty eight (128) female, juvenile (8 to 10 weeks of age) pigs of native stock, weighing 21.0 to 38.2 kg, underwent cardio-pulmonary bypass prior to, and following, a 75-minute period of HCA at a brain temperature of 18°C. During the operation, hemodynamic, electrocardiograph and temperature monitoring was performed continuously. Furthermore, metabolic parameters were monitored at baseline, end of cooling, at intervals of two, four and eight hours after HCA and before extubation. Electroencephalographic recording was performed in all animals, serum S100β protein measurement in 18 animals, cortical microdialysis in 109 animals, and intracranial pressure monitoring in 58 animals. After the operation, assessment of behavior was made on a daily basis until death or elective sacrifice on the seventh postoperative day. All four studies showed that these parameters were predictive of postoperative outcome. Animals with severe histopathological injury had higher serum S100β protein levels at every time interval after HCA. Analysis of cortical brain microdialysis showed that the lactate/glucose ratio was significantly lower and the brain glucose concentration significantly higher among survivors during the early postoperative hours. Intracranial pressure increased significantly after 75 minutes of HCA, and this was associated with a significantly increased risk of postoperative death and brain infarction. A slower recovery of EEG burst percentage after HCA was significantly associated with the development of severe cerebral cortex, brain stem and cerebellum ischemic injury. In conclusion, serum S100β protein proved to be a reliable marker of brain ischemic injury as assessed on histopathological examination. Cerebral microdialysis is a useful method of cerebral monitoring during experimental HCA. Low brain glucose concentrations and high brain lactate/ glucose ratios after HCA are strong predictors of postoperative death. Increased intracranial pressure severely affected the postoperative outcome and may be a potential target for treatment. EEG burst percentage as a sum effect of anesthetic agent and ischemic brain damage is a useful tool for early prediction of severe brain damage after HCA. Among these monitoring methods, brain cortical microdialysis seems to be the most powerful one in predicting brain injury after experimental hypothermic circulatory arrest.

Orientador: Leila Peres / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T22:00:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucente_AnaGlauciaBogalhos_D.pdf: 2114033 bytes, checksum: ddc1d7f9bcfcce3f7ddfd258b22465d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: A falta de um material que viabilize a confecção de uma prótese dentária em um menor número de etapas, economizando tempo e facilitando a vida dos pacientes foi a maior motivação para o desenvolvimento desta tese que se baseia na patente BR n. PI 0602107-7 A: Conjuntos de arcos dentais pré-fabricados, flexíveis e com dentes ajustáveis obtida pelo grupo de pesquisa onde se insere este trabalho, em que se propõe o uso do arco dental flexível pré-fabricado na confecção da prótese, que poderá ser produzida em um menor tempo, com um menor custo. O material usado para o arco dental flexível pré-fabricado por energia de micro ondas, bem como para a prótese dental final deverá conter uma base polimérica que permitirá a flexibilidade inicial do arco, que após receber ajustes na posição dos dentes, adequados a cada paciente, será incorporado à prótese final, sendo o conjunto reticulado de forma simultânea. Para tanto, foi investigada a viabilidade do uso do copolímero de metacrilato de metila-n-metacrilato de butila (PMMA-co-PBMA), sintetizado via técnica de miniemulsão, como a matriz polimérica base para a confecção de arcos dentais pré-fabricados, flexíveis e com dentes ajustáveis e da prótese final. Na síntese do copolímero pretendido, foram estudadas as características dos iniciadores, surfactante, estabilizador e temperatura de reação sobre a distribuição volumétrica (Dv) e populacional (DSD) de tamanhos de partícula, conversão global, temperatura de transição vítrea (Tg), massa molar média ponderal (Mw), massa molar média numérica (Mn) e polidispersividade (Mw/Mn). Verificou-se a influência da solubilidade dos iniciadores em baixas temperaturas na conversão global, Dv e DSD, fator que não interfere em altas temperaturas. Além das análises de Tg, Mw e Mw/Mn dos copolímeros e homopolímeros obtidos por mecanismo de adição. Realizaram-se também análises de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (RMN) e Espectroscopia no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourrier (FT-IR) indicando que o copolímero foi formado na configuração alternada ou aleatória. A resina formulada a partir do copolímero sintetizado para uso no arco dental pré-fabricado foi caracterizado, a partir de ensaios de resistência à flexão, microdureza, módulo de elasticidade, coeficiente de Poisson, da Tg do material e monômero residual. Os resultados mostram um material compatível com resinas comerciais em relação à microdureza e módulo de elasticidade / Abstract: The lack of a material that enables the production of a dental prosthesis in fewer steps, saving time and making life easier for the patients was the major motivation for developing this thesis is based on the patent BR n. PI 0602107-7 A: Sets of prefabricated dental arches, flexible and adjustable teeth obtained by the research group which includes this work, it is proposed the use of prefabricated flexible dental arch in the making of the prosthesis, which can be produced in less time, with less cost. The material used for the flexible prefabricated dental arch by microwave energy and for the final dental prosthesis should contain a polymer base which will allow the initial flexibility of the arch, after receiving adjustments to the position of the teeth, adequate to each patient will be incorporated into the final prosthesis being crosslinked together simultaneously. Therefore, it was investigated the feasibility of using n-butyl methyl methacrylate-methacrylate copolymer (PMMA-co-PBMA) synthesized via miniemulsion technique as the base polymer matrix for the manufacture of prefabricated dental arches, flexible and adjustable teeth and the final prosthesis. In the synthesis of the desired copolymer characteristics of primers were studied, surfactant, stabilizer and reaction temperature on the size distribution (Dv) and population (DSD) particle size, overall conversion, glass transition temperature (Tg), mass-average molecular weight (Mw), number-average molecular weight (Mn) and polydispersity (Mw/Mn). It has been found to influence the solubility of the initiators at low temperatures in the overall conversion, Dv and DSD factor that does not interfere at high temperatures. In addition to the analyzes Tg, Mw and Mw / Mn of the copolymers and homopolymers obtained by adding mechanism. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance analysis (NMR) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were also performed indicating that the copolymer was formed in alternating or random configuration. The resin made from copolymer synthesized for use in prefabricated dental arch was characterized as bending strength tests, hardness, modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, the Tg of the material and residual monomer. The results show a material similar to commercial resins with regard to hardness and modulus of elasticity / Doutorado / Ciencia e Tecnologia de Materiais / Doutora em Engenharia Quimica

The topic of this Ph.D. theis is repairing and strengthening of historical wagon vaults (barrel vaults, tunnel vaults) using post tensioning with tendons (monostrands) in longitudinal direction. The vaults should be without an edge, that´s mean the baroque vaults are well appropriate for this method. The pointed barrel vault should be problematic. The stabilization is for a wagon vault created by semicircle or segment part of a circle as well as an elliptic shape. The study has been made for vault with a width of 1 m and for the prestressing force has been used one tendon only. Of course, this method could be apply for normal constructions with a width of many meters. In this case, more tendons should be use with a suitable spacing. The goal of this work was to monitor an experiment model of an wagon vault and a real strengthened baroque vault of a church in Švábenice. During the monitor time, the static Analysis has been made. For these analysis appropriate finite elements in Ansys program has been use. The results of this work is to amplify the knowledge of the real behaviour of strengthened vaults, which could be use like instruction for the civil engineers. Further the public information guide to build an appropriate model of an Vault with an interaction with post-tensioning tendons.

The diploma thesis deals with design and assessment of pedestrian and bicycle footbridges across the river Moravia in Olomouc. The main material used in the design is S355 steel. At the beginning of the thesis, two variants are compared, from which one is subsequently selected for a more detailed design and assessment. The main supporting element of the selected variant are two parabolic arcs inclined to one another, on which the coupling of the intermediate bridge is suspended by means of the rods. The construction span is 54m.

The aim of this thesis is the design and analysis of pedestrian bridge across the deep valley. There were designed three variants. The variant of structure, which combines stress ribbon with concrete arch, was chosen for the analysis. The optimal geometry was found using iteration methods with VBA Excel. The calculation model was made in software Ansys 19.0, considering phases of construction. The Ultimate limit state and the service limit state were evaluated as well as dynamic behavior of construction – modal analysis (eigenfrequencies and eigenshapes) and response to harmonic excitation. The design and assessment are according to the European standards.

The subject of diploma thesis is design and static assessment of steel structure of multipurpose hall. Construction is located in the city Brno. The floor plan is rectangular with dimensions 60 x 80 m. Headroom of the structure is 12,5 m and total height is 16,5 m. A main frame is created of arch truss supported by column and truss structure on both sides. The main frames are joined by purlins. Final support structure was selected from two preliminary variants. For the selected variant was made static calculation of main bearing elements including joints and anchoring, technical report, drawings and bill of quantities.

The content of this diplom is about design and assesment of a steel footbridge for pedestrians and cyclists across the river Ostravice. In an introduction of the work are compared two possible options of footbridge structures.and then the appropriate one is processed in detail. The chosen variant is made of two parabolic arches tilted to each other on which is suspended deck by suspenders. In a static aspect the main loadbearing beams are two-hinged arches. The bridge deck consists of two steel beams and floor beams which are composited with a reinforced concrete slab. The span length is 80 m and archs camber is 9,12m. The main material of the structural elements is steel S355.

Treated area is situated in a part of Stare Brno (between the Voronez hotel and Svratka river). The area is intersected by the delivery tracks (leading to the fair area). This tracks markedly influence the concept of the groundplan design of the project (especially in the southwest part). The volume of the baths respect the streetline of Rybarska street and Porici street and formally finishes the block row of these streets.