A l'échelle atomique, les outils de modélisation interactive sont de plus en plus nécessaires. Cependant, résoudre les équations de la physique sous-jacente en temps interactif est un défi numérique difficile. Dans cette dissertation, nous proposons des nouveaux algorithmes qui permettent la modélisation interactive de structures chimiques. Tout d'abord, nous présentons un outil de modélisation pour construire des modèles structuraux de systèmes hydrocarbonés. Les retours physiques sont basés sur le potentiel de Brenner. Pour obtenir des taux interactifs lors de l'édition de systèmes contenant un grand nombre d'atomes, nous introduisons un nouvel algorithme adaptatif. Ensuite, nous introduisons ce que nous pensons être le premier algorithme de chimie quantique interactif au niveau de théorie “Atom Superposition and Electron Delocalization Molecular Orbital”. Cette méthode est basée sur une approche diviser-pour-régner qui, comme nous le montrons, est précise et efficace pour cette théorie semi-empirique non auto-cohérente. Nous proposons ensuite une nouvelle approche pour la chimie quantique interactive : “Block-Adaptive Quantum Mechanics” (BAQM). BAQM contraint la position des noyaux et les degrés de liberté électronique à la volée pour simplifier la simulation. Finalement, nous présentons plusieurs applications : une étude de la formation du graphane, la simulation interactive à des fins pédagogiques, et le prototypage virtuel à l'échelle atomique, à la fois sur des ordinateurs de bureau et dans des environnements de réalité virtuelle. / At the atomic scale, interactive physically-based modeling tools are more and more in demand. Unfortunately, solving the underlying physics equations at interactive rates is computationally challenging. In this dissertation, we propose new algorithms that allow for interactive modeling of chemical structures. We first present a modeling tool to construct structural models of hydrocarbon systems. The physically-based feedbacks are based on the Brenner potential. In order to be able to interactively edit systems containing numerous atoms, we introduce a new adaptive simulation algorithm. Then, we introduce what we believe to be the first interactive quantum chemistry simulation algorithm at the Atom Superposition and Electron Delocalization Molecular Orbital (ASED-MO) level of theory. This method is based on the divide-and-conquer (D&C) approach, which we show is accurate and efficient for this non-self-consistent semi-empirical theory. We then propose a novel Block-Adaptive Quantum Mechanics (BAQM) approach to interactive quantum chemistry. BAQM constrains some nuclei positions and some electronic degrees of freedom on the fly to simplify the simulation. 
 Finally, we demonstrate several applications, including one study of graphane formation, interactive simulation for education purposes, and virtual prototyping at the atomic scale, both on desktop computers and in virtual reality environments.

At the atomic scale, interactive physically-based modeling tools are more and more in demand. Unfortunately, solving the underlying physics equations at interactive rates is computationally challenging. In this dissertation, we propose new algorithms that allow for interactive modeling of chemical structures. We first present a modeling tool to construct structural models of hydrocarbon systems. The physically-based feedbacks are based on the Brenner potential. In order to be able to interactively edit systems containing numerous atoms, we introduce a new adaptive simulation algorithm. Then, we introduce what we believe to be the first interactive quantum chemistry simulation algorithm at the Atom Superposition and Electron Delocalization Molecular Orbital (ASED-MO) level of theory. This method is based on the divide-and-conquer (D&C) approach, which we show is accurate and efficient for this non-self-consistent semi-empirical theory. We then propose a novel Block-Adaptive Quantum Mechanics (BAQM) approach to interactive quantum chemistry. BAQM constrains some nuclei positions and some electronic degrees of freedom on the fly to simplify the simulation. Finally, we demonstrate several applications, including one study of graphane formation, interactive simulation for education purposes, and virtual prototyping at the atomic scale, both on desktop computers and in virtual reality environments.