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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

PolinizaÃÃo da abÃbora (Curcubita moschata D.) pela abelha Arapuà (Trigona spinipes): requerimentos da cultura e eficiÃncia do polinizador / Pumpkin pollination (Curcubita moschata D.) Arapuà by bees (Trigona spinipes) requirements of culture and efficiency of pollinator

Diogo de Barros Mota Melo 13 August 2010 (has links)
nÃo hà / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar os requerimentos de polinizaÃÃo da aboboreira (Curcubita moschata D.) variedade jacarezinho, os visitantes florais e os potenciais polinizadores dessa cultura. O estudo foi realizado no perÃodo de outubro de 2009 a fevereiro de 2010, no setor de Olericultura do Campus Satuba do Instituto Federal de Alagoas, municÃpio de Satuba-AL. O plantio da abÃbora foi estabelecido, seguindo todos os tratos culturais para a conduÃÃo da cultura e se encontrava consorciado com banana (Musa acuminata). A Ãrea plantada possuÃa 0,3 hectares, com 500 plantas. Para determinar o requerimento de polinizaÃÃo estudou-se a eficiÃncia da polinizaÃÃo aberta, restrita e polinizaÃÃo manual cruzada. Os visitantes florais foram coletados ao acaso em diferentes plantas 10 minutos a cada hora, das 05h Ãs 12h. Avaliou-se tambÃm a eficiÃncia de polinizaÃÃo dos principais polinizadores. Para as anÃlises das caracterÃsticas (altura, peso, nÃmero de sementes, circunferÃncia polar e equatorial) dos frutos produzidos em funÃÃo do tipo de tratamento foram analisadas por meio da AnÃlise de VariÃncia, atravÃs do Programa SISVAR, adotando-se nÃvel de significÃncia de 5%. Trigona spinipes e Apis mellifera foram os visitantes mais freqÃentes, tendo uma maior freqÃÃncia de visita das 6h Ãs 9h. Todas as espÃcies de visitantes forrageavam a procura de nÃctar. As flores de Curcubita moschata que nÃo receberam visitas nÃo frutificaram. As flores que receberam o tratamento de polinizaÃÃo manual cruzada obtiveram um nÃmero menor de vingamento comparadas à polinizaÃÃo restrita, indicando um possÃvel dÃficit de grÃos de pÃlen depositado em seu estigma. PorÃm em relaÃÃo à qualidade dos frutos a polinizaÃÃo manual cruzada foi tÃo eficaz (P<0,05) quanto à polinizaÃÃo livre. Para o estudo da eficiÃncia polinizadora da Trigona spinipes verificou-se o estabelecimento de frutos apÃs uma, duas, trÃs e quatro visitas. Houve diferenÃa significativa (P<0,05) do vingamento dos frutos em relaÃÃo ao nÃmero de visitas. PorÃm nÃo houve diferenÃa significativa (P<0,05) do peso em relaÃÃo ao nÃmero de visitas. Entretanto quanto maior o nÃmero de visitas, maior foi o nÃmero de sementes, altura e circunferÃncia tanto equatorial como polar (P<0,05). Entretanto nÃo houve diferenÃa significativa (P<0,05) no nÃmero de semente e a altura, apÃs a terceira visita e circunferÃncia (equatorial e polar) apÃs a segunda visita. O trabalho mostrou que a abÃbora à altamente dependente de agentes polinizadores biÃticos; que Trigona spinipes à o principal polinizador da cultura na Ãrea estudada e que no intervalo de uma a quatro visitas de T. spinipes, quanto maior for esse nÃmero, maior serà o vingamento e qualidade dos frutos. / This work was aimed at studying the pollination requirements of pumpkin (Curcubita moschata D.) jacarezinho variety, its flower visitors and potential pollinators of this culture. The study was conducted from October 2009 to February 2010, at the Agriculture I sector of Instituto Federal de Alagoa of Campus Satuba, city of Satuba-AL. The pumpkin crop was established following all cultural practices to lead the culture and was intercropped with banana (Musa acuminata). The planted area had 0.3 hectares, with 500 plants. To determine the requirement for pollination studied the efficiency of open pollination, manual cross-pollination and restricted pollination. Floral visitors were collected randomly in different plants 10 minutes every hour, from 05 a.m. to 12 a.m.. It was also evaluated the pollination efficiency of the main pollinators. For the analysis of characteristics (height, weight, number of seeds, polar and equatorial circumference) of fruit produced according to the type of treatment were analyzed using analysis of variance, through the Program SISVAR, adopting a significance level of 5 %. Trigona spinipes and Apis mellifera were the most frequent visitors, with a greater frequency of visits from 6 a.m. to 9 a.m.. All species of visitors foraging nectar. The flowers Curcubita moschata which received no visits werenât fruitful. The flowers that received treatment manual cross-pollination had fewer fruit set compared with restricted pollination, indicating a possible deficit of pollen grains deposited on its stigma. But in relation to fruit quality manual cross pollination was as effective as the open-pollinated. To study the efficiency of pollinator Trigona spinipes it was checked the settlement of fruit after one, two, three and four visits. There was statistically significant difference (P <0.05) of fruit set in relation to the number of visits. But there was no significant difference (P <0.05) on weight compared with the number of visits the greater was the number of visits, the greater the number of seeds, height and circumference both polar and equatorial (P <0.05). However there was no significant difference (P <0.05) in the number of seed and the height after the third visit and circumference (equatorial and polar) after the second visit. The work showed that the pumpkin is highly dependent on biotic pollinators; Trigona spinipes which is the main pollinator of the crop in the study area and in the range of one to four visit of Trigona spinipes, the higher the number, the higher the fruit set and fruit quality.

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