In Taiwan, the environment of medical treatment is changing drastically. In fact, business competition among hospitals in an agricultural county is obviously increasing today. It is a crucial challenge for a new and large-scale hospital to survive in an agricultural county at a location without good traffic network and high resident population. For some people who are living in agricultural counties, even though the economical predicament in buying health insurance and taking medical treatment has been alleviated due to execution of the national health insurance system, but obstruction on the way to taking medical treatment is still existing for lack of medical resource, traffic convenience and others. Additionally, the patient-transfer policy among medical treatment providers does not go to practice and effect very well. Therefore, what tactics drawn up to enhance the accessibility of medical service to patients are very important to the business management of a hospital in an agricultural county. The purpose and works in this thesis research are as follows: (1) To analyze the factors that influence the accessibility of hospital to the residents and to draw up the tactics that might be effective to enhance the accessibility. (2) To analyze the factors that influences the accessibility of medical service to the patients in hospital and to draw up the tactics that might be effective to enhance the accessibility. (3) To evaluate the effectiveness of the related tactics in business management of some selected hospitals, then to confirm what are good and effective tactics. In this research, Chung-Kang memorial hospital in Chia-Yi branch, abbreviated to CKCY hereafter, was selected as a major study object. Effectiveness of four tactics that are adopted and brought to practice by CKCY was evaluated. These tactics are improvement on traffic convenience, taking benefit from tactical cooperation, popularization by providing circulating medical service and efficiency enhancement by introducing electronic business (e-business) operation. In order to evaluate effectiveness of the tactics objectively, two hospitals were also selected as study objects for comparison with CKCY. The information and data from interview with key managers and answers of the designed questionnaires that were sent to some related employees in these hospitals are used as base to evaluate effectiveness of the tactics. Based on the analysis and evaluation done in this research, the conclusions are drawn up as follows: (1) Regarding the improvement of traffic convenience, the more faraway the town, the more obviously effective the tactic. Both the shuttle bus service provided by the hospital and the prompt assistance from volunteers in the hospital are more effective to increase the number of patients than the elongation of public bus lines. (2) Regarding the tactical alliance for regional isolation, the proper radial distance of the hospital-centered region for cooperating with other hospitals is around 30 kilometers. However, it is better to ally with hospitals located in neighboring counties. Within the short distance region, it would be helpful for hospitals to take tactic cooperation in vertically integrating the medical treatment resources via division of the medical care with different hospitals on different diseases, for example, acute or chronic diseases. In the horizontal integration, it would be helpful for hospitals to set up outpatient service centers in the allied hospitals. (3) Patient satisfaction to the circulating medical service for rural communities is very high and the ratio of return patients in the outpatient service is also very high. Therefore, the circulating medical service is worth taking into practice more actively. (4) Merits of electronic business (e-business) operation in the hospital comparing with traditional operation are confirmed and listed as follows: <1>Simplifying operation procedures <2>Reducing waiting time for patients to get medical treatment <3> Improving the accessibility of medical service and patient satisfaction <4> Ensuring the correctness and integrity of hospital operation <5>Saving labor cost of hospital operation.