<p> The purpose of this qualitative exploratory case study was to investigate the reasons why there are an insufficient number of qualified applicants for governmental professional accounting positions. The 2014-2015 curriculum catalogs of four-year colleges and universities were examined to determine if governmental accounting courses were offered as part of the business administration degree programs. Twenty past and current post-secondary business administration students were interviewed to collect data about their educational experiences and their perceptions of careers in governmental service. The data were triangulated using NVivo 10&reg; qualitative analysis software to identify significant patterns. The five significant patterns identified were: a) scarcity of governmental accounting courses, b) no discussion of governmental accounting as a career, c) compensation and job stability most considered factors, d) negative perceptions of a career in governmental service and e) state and local government human resources personnel need to be active in campus recruitment activities. The analyses revealed post-secondary business administration students are not aware of the opportunities in governmental accounting careers. Therefore, findings and recommendations from this research will enable state and local governmental human resources personnel to develop recruitment activities to increase the number of qualified applicants for governmental professional accounting positions.</p>

<p> Business leaders remain exposed to financial and accounting fraud as well as loss of profitability, despite the dictates of the SOX Act of 2002. The most challenging aspect of corporate management is the unexpected nature of an emerging, existing, or an inherent financial risk. Guided by the evolution of fraud theory, this exploratory case study's purpose was to identify and explore the financial management strategies that corporate financial managers need to adequately protect investors. Twenty participants from a population group of corporate auditors of Fortune 1000 corporations within 70 miles of Columbus, Ohio provided input for this study. Data from the interviews were analyzed through coding, reviewing, categorizing, and combining common statements. The research findings included themes of knowledge and types of risks; the impact of financial fraud and risks on investment; the impact of accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards; as well as financial management training to minimize audit expectations. These themes formed the focus of exploring the financial management strategies that corporate financial managers need to adequately protect investors and investments. In addition to the antifraud measures, financial managers may detect and control inherent risks in emerging opportunities for positive social change that includes enhanced knowledge in diversification of investments, an increase in economic resources, economic growth, and greater employment in the United States.</p>

Thesis (PhD) - Faculty of Business and Enterprise, Swinburne University of Technology, 2007. / Submitted for the degree Doctor of Philosophy, Faculty of Business and Enterprise, Swinburne University of Technology - 2007. Typescript. Bibliography: p. 302-340.

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2016-11-01T17:55:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Nelson Luiz Gangemi.pdf: 820760 bytes, checksum: 094c106c319e8602a44b13f576b42f94 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-01T17:55:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Nelson Luiz Gangemi.pdf: 820760 bytes, checksum: 094c106c319e8602a44b13f576b42f94 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-15 / The adherence to the rules of recognition, measurement and disclosure of information in the explanatory notes, provides greater reliability in the presentation of financial statements to users for analysis and decision making. The accounting rules, correlated to international Standards, were issued by the CPC and one of them was the Technical pronouncement, the CPC 25, which deals with the provisions and contingent liabilities and contingent assets. The contingent liability is an obligation of accounting difficult to recognition and measurement in view of the factors of uncertainty about the confirmation or not of their existence. In this context, this work had as main objective to know and analyze the criteria for the recognition, measurement and disclosure of information in the explanatory notes of the contingent liabilities (CPC 25), through a sample 17 companies corporations, capital opened and closed the sugarcane-ethanol sector in the State of S??o Paulo. The line of research was descriptive with qualitative and quantitative approach. The procedure used for data collection was the documentary research of primary and secondary sources and was motivated by its accessibility. Was analyzed a set of financial statements published annual with explanatory notes and published without explanatory notes, in the period between 2011 and 2015. The results obtained with the sample suggest that companies since segment not yet follow fully to what is required by the legislation in relation to criteria for recognition and disclosure of contingent natures and their respective content, demonstrating weakness in the context of dissemination of contingent information. These results are consistent with national and international studies conducted in other segments, which revealed low practice of disclosure and disclosure of contingent liabilities, especially the environmental. / A ader??ncia pelas normas de reconhecimento, mensura????o e divulga????o das informa????es em notas explicativas, possibilita maior confiabilidade na apresenta????o das demonstra????es cont??beis aos usu??rios para an??lise e tomada decis??o. As normas cont??beis, correlacionadas ??s normas internacionais, foram emitidas pelo CPC e uma delas foi o Pronunciamento T??cnico, o CPC 25, que disp??e sobre as provis??es e passivos e ativos contingentes. O passivo contingente ?? uma obriga????o cont??bil de dif??cil reconhecimento e mensura????o tendo em vista os fatores de incertezas sobre a confirma????o ou n??o de sua exist??ncia. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como principal objetivo conhecer e analisar os crit??rios de reconhecimento, mensura????o e divulga????o das informa????es em notas explicativas dos passivos contingentes (CPC 25), mediante uma amostra 17 empresas sociedades an??nimas, de capital aberto e fechado do segmento sucroalcooleiro do Estado de S??o Paulo. A linha da pesquisa teve car??ter descritivo com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. O procedimento utilizado para coleta de dados foi pela pesquisa documental de fontes prim??rias e secund??rias e foi motivada pela sua acessibilidade. Foi analisado um conjunto de demonstra????es cont??beis anuais publicadas com notas explicativas e publicadas sem notas explicativas, no per??odo entre 2011 e 2015. Os resultados alcan??ados com a amostra sugerem que as empresas desde segmento ainda n??o seguem plenamente ao que ?? exigido pela normativa frente aos crit??rios de reconhecimento e divulga????o das naturezas contingentes e seus respectivos conte??dos, demonstrando fragilidade no contexto da divulga????o das informa????es contingentes. Estes resultados v??o de encontro com estudos nacionais e internacionais realizados em outros segmentos, que revelou baixa pratica de evidencia????o e divulga????o dos passivos contingentes, principalmente os ambientais.

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2016-11-16T13:42:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Wagner Simpl??cio Franco.pdf: 837834 bytes, checksum: c8de4292483c714c803a4701eabd5358 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-16T13:42:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Wagner Simpl??cio Franco.pdf: 837834 bytes, checksum: c8de4292483c714c803a4701eabd5358 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / This work aims to study the listed companies with intensive technology, where in recent years the sector of services in technology, increased significantly with the expansion of the internet , investments in applications , strong sales of tablets and mobiles , producing real values in their results. In previous works of intellectual capital and the concepts defined by the accounting standards " CPCs" have the proposed variables such as Number of Customers, investments in technology , software license fee , etc. To be assessed in greater depth, of what is the relevance in evaluating companies . Getting relate these concepts to profitability indicators, operational performance and market value and accounting is the challenge of this work. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar as companhias de capital aberto com uso intensivo de tecnologia, onde, nos ??ltimos anos, o setor de presta????o de servi??os em tecnologia cresceu de forma significativa com a amplia????o da internet, os investimentos em aplicativos, as fortes vendas dos tablets e mobiles, produzindo valores reais nos seus resultados. Em trabalhos anteriores de capital intelectual e nos conceitos definidos pelas normas cont??beis ???CPCs???, temos a proposta de vari??veis??? como Quantidade de Clientes, Investimentos em tecnologia, taxa de licen??a de software, etc. ??? para serem avaliadas com maior profundidade, verificando qual sua relev??ncia numa avalia????o de empresas. Conseguir relacionar estes conceitos com indicadores de rentabilidade, performance operacional e valor de mercado e cont??bil ?? o desafio deste trabalho.

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2017-06-05T17:57:25Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Johnny Silva Mendes.pdf: 695467 bytes, checksum: 217c107725d8d69be32e4766172c629d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-05T17:57:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Johnny Silva Mendes.pdf: 695467 bytes, checksum: 217c107725d8d69be32e4766172c629d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-30 / In order to achieve accounting convergence, improve the comparability and measurement of the economic value of the firm, established IFRS standard mandatory form in Brazil in 2010 has as one of the objectives expected to reduce the asymmetry of information reflecting lower cost of capital and thus creating value for the firms. This research aimed at the empirical investigation of the relationship between IFRS Mandatory and value creation in public traded non-financial companies in Brazil. The sample consisted of stocks regularly traded at BM&F Bovespa from 2003 to 2014. The econometric model used was the diffs-in-diffs that isolates the effect of IFRS through the features not observed. For value creation metrics were found positive and significant effects on variables Qtobin and Market to Book. And when measuring the IFRS compared with the risk of the company has used the Beta variable and found negative and significant effect. The data shows evidence that IFRS mandatory positive impact on value creation and demonstrates that increasing the quality of financial reporting reduces information asymmetry and increases the incentive disclosure in firms. / Com o intuito de alcan??ar a converg??ncia cont??bil, melhorar a comparabilidade e mensura????o do valor econ??mico da firma, a norma IFRS, estabelecida de forma mandat??ria no Brasil no ano de 2010, tem como um de seus objetivos reduzir a assimetria de informa????o, refletindo menor custo de capital e consequente cria????o de valor para as firmas. Esta pesquisa teve, como objetivo, a investiga????o emp??rica da rela????o entre IFRS Mandat??rio e cria????o de valor das empresas de capital aberto n??o financeiras brasileiras. Foi utilizada uma amostra de empresas brasileiras regularmente negociadas na BM&F Bovespa entre 2003 e 2014. O modelo econom??trico utilizado foi o m??todo diffs-in-diffs, que isola o efeito do IFRS por meio das caracter??sticas n??o observadas. Foram estimados modelos com dados agrupados e painel com efeito aleat??rio. Para as m??tricas de cria????o de valor, foram encontrados efeitos positivos e significantes nas vari??veis Qtobin e Market to Book. E para se medir a rela????o do IFRS com o risco da empresa, foi utilizado o Beta do ativo e encontrado efeito negativo e significante. Os dados evidenciam que o IFRS mandat??rio impacta positivamente a cria????o de valor e mostram que o aumento da qualidade nos demonstrativos financeiros reduz a assimetria de informa????o e, consequentemente, aumenta o incentivo de disclosure nas firmas.

The subject of this thesis is to develop a business plan for a newly rising company that will provide basic and at the same time essential needs for everyone, whether a new or existing entrepreneur or company (keeping of accounting, tax return processing and its optimization, graphic design and website creation). The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part, whereas in the theoretical part I am mainly dealing with functions, principles and structure. Based on the structure and methodology outlined in the theoretical part I made a practical part, whose output is a business plan with a proposal delivery, whether the project in question is worth being carried out. A key part of developing the thesis was a thorough consultation with experts based on work experience. Their selection is described in the methodology and the questions asked are included in the annex.

This quantitative study conducted by two students at Umeå University, studies if there are gender differences when it comes to salary and top positions in the accounting and auditing industry in Sweden. Previous studies have found that these differences, or gaps can relate to the glass ceiling theory. This theory is considered a phenomenon and a metephor wherein women can see through the glass to those top levels of the career ladder, but are unable to reach them as there is a ceiling, a gap, to prevent that from happening. Sweden is one of the most gender balanced countries in the world, but despite that the wage equality for similar work in Sweden is 74%. Since women with children work more often than men part-time, this leads to a less positive career, wage development and a poor pension for women. We analyzed previous studies to understand that the glass ceiling theory involved not only salary but also position inequalities based on gender. This information was used to create surveys which we sent electronically (via email) to auditors and accountants all over Sweden. This thesis is based on analysis of the survey and annual reports from 2017. Our results show that there are differences between gender when it comes to wages throughout the career ladder. Men have higher wages than women in the same positions. This applies to both office-level and up to executive positions. Differences in salaries between men and women also apply to both authorized and approved auditors when men have the higher average salary. That is also the same among those who had other leadership positions and among those who had a support function. We could not show major differences in top positions between genders. Most positions are gender balanced, which means that they are between 40-60%, except for at the CEO and partner level which is mostly men and the accounting manager position which is represented only by women. Our results show that there is gender-based inequality in salary but not in position; therefore, the glass ceiling theory is not currently in effect. This is important research as it not only expands knowledge of glass ceiling theory but also into the accounting and auditing fields. It found areas for improvement for both theoretical and practical use. We finish the thesis by referring to recommendations for future studies, such as focusing on lower levels and more accounting economics, authorised consultants, etc. / <p>With consideration to logit regressions for the binary leader variable:Even though <em>Cotter's 4 criteria leader</em> and <em>Leader model 2</em> did not have the highest adjusted R² with ols regression, it is important to see that in a logit regression, which is a more appropriate regression type since the leader variable is binary, that gender was not significant. Therefore, the conclusions remain the same.</p>

U.S. private entities considering adoption of International Standards for Small- and Medium-sized Entities (IFRS for SMEs) need to understand how the new standards will modify financial reporting. However, there has been no determination of the significance of the financial statement impact of changing from United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP) to IFRS for SMEs. Without this knowledge, private entities in the United States will not be able to make an informed decision as to the benefits or consequences of adopting IFRS for SMEs. Based on stakeholder theory, this study sought to determine how adoption of IFRS for SMEs would affect the financial reporting of U.S. private entities. Using identified reporting differences between the 2 sets of standards, hypothetical 2010 IFRS for SMEs' financial statements were prepared for 3 participating entities. Analysis of variation between the hypothetical IFRS for SMEs' financial statements and the original U.S. GAAP financial statements provided a means to determine the financial reporting impact of IFRS for SMEs' adoption. In each of the 3 case studies, adoption of IFRS for SMEs did not significantly influence the financial reporting of U.S private entities, indicating that the communication of financial information would be fundamentally the same using the simplified IFRS for SMEs or the more complex U.S. GAAP. The results of this study suggest that IFRS for SMEs should be considered an acceptable set of standards for the preparation of quality financial statements by U.S. private entities. This study positively contributes to social change by providing new knowledge to assist private companies in the evaluation of the adoption of IFRS for SMEs; such knowledge could, in turn, reduce financial reporting costs and improve the SMEs' economic conditions.

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2016-01-26T16:13:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Marcia_Marcondes_da_Silva.pdf: 8069358 bytes, checksum: edc95c2e7701b52300c68a3c39bd3698 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T16:13:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Marcia_Marcondes_da_Silva.pdf: 8069358 bytes, checksum: edc95c2e7701b52300c68a3c39bd3698 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-19 / The purpose of this work is to identify the occurrence of noises that affect the communication process, with accounting statements working as businesses language within the process of account rendering between the social work entities and the City Hall of the City of Tabo??o da Serra - City Council of Social Work (CMAS) and City Hall of Tabo??o da Serra (PMTS). In order to do that, it is based on studies that suggest the existence of a relationship between the accounting process, as business language, and the communication theory, with emphasis on the noises that may interfere in any communication process. The investigation tries to identify the occurrence of noises according to the perception of the users of accounting statements, issues - social work entities and receivers - CMAS and PMTS. The reason for carrying out this research comes from the study carried out by the Commission of Guidance Analysis and Inspection COAF/CMAS, where it was detected that the majority of the registered entities had their registrations cancelled or suspended because of problems with the account rendering and research carried out at CMAS, where it was observed the difficulty of the CMAS in establishing and maintaining partnerships with the social work entities in the city. The communication theory reveals that, some times, the level of knowledge of the issuer and the receiver, the social and cultural context where both of them are inserted, the channel used, the content of the message are responsible for problems that occur in the communication process. Therefore, this theory establishes parameters to determine if the communicative act takes place efficiently and effectively. As the main purpose of accounting is the supply of useful information for taking decisions, if accounting statements are not understood, it means that noises took place during the process and that the communicative act did not fully take place. In order to avoid or diminish the harmful effects of the noise it is essential to know where and how they take place. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a ocorr??ncia de ru??dos que comprometem o processo de comunica????o, sendo as demonstra????es cont??beis atuantes como linguagem de neg??cios no processo de presta????o de contas entre as entidades assistenciais e o Poder P??blico do Munic??pio de Tabo??o da Serra - Conselho Municipal de Assist??ncia Social (CMAS) e Prefeitura Municipal de Tabo??o da Serra (PMTS). Para tanto, baseou-se em estudos que sugerem existir rela????o entre o processo cont??bil, enquanto linguagem de neg??cios e a teoria da comunica????o, com ??nfase aos ru??dos que podem intervir em qualquer processo de comunica????o. A investiga????o buscou identificar a incid??ncia de ru??dos segundo a percep????o dos usu??rios das demonstra????es cont??beis, emissores - entidades assistenciais e receptores - CMAS e PMTS. A motiva????o desta pesquisa adv??m de estudo realizado pela Comiss??o de Orienta????o An??lise e Fiscaliza????o COAF/CMAS, neste estudo detectado que a maioria das entidades cadastradas estava com seus registros cancelados ou suspensos por problemas com as presta????o de contas e pesquisa realizada no pr??prio CMAS, onde foi detectado a dificuldade que este tem encontrado em formar e manter parcerias com as organiza????es de assist??ncia social do munic??pio. A teoria da comunica????o vem revelar que, por vezes, o n??vel de conhecimento do emissor e do receptor, o contexto s??cio-cultural em que ambos se encontram o canal utilizado, o conte??do da mensagem s??o respons??veis por problemas ocasionados no processo de comunica????o. Portanto, essa teoria estabelece par??metros para avaliar se o ato comunicativo ocorre com efici??ncia e efic??cia. Conclui-se que, como o objetivo principal da contabilidade ?? o fornecimento de informa????es ??teis para a tomada de decis??es, se as demonstra????es cont??beis n??o forem compreendidas, significa que ru??dos ocorreram durante o processo e que o ato comunicativo n??o ocorreu plenamente. Para evitar ou minimizar os efeitos nocivos do ru??do ?? imprescind??vel conhecer onde e como eles ocorrem.