The paper focuses on state accounting reform and its practical application in the Třebíč Municipality. First part of the paper relates to legal definition of the municipality and compilation of the municipality budget. Following part engages in reform of the public administration and self administration accounting firstly regarding to the legal aspects, and secondly regarding practical examples of the new accounting methods applied in municipalities. In addition, the paper covers comparison of the budget and the profit/loss statement.

Выполнение строительно-монтажных работ связано со сложной системой нормативного регулирования затрат по сметной стоимости, служащих базовым показателем ценообразования и договорной политики подрядных организаций. Разработка методов, позволяющих применить единый подход к учету разнообразия условий выполнения работ по видам договоров, а также средств контроля за исполнением договорных обязательств, служит существенным фактором совершенствования финансового и налогового учета. Результаты проведенного исследования: предложена система субсчетов в составе действующих синтетических счетов по учету затрат на строительно-монтажные работы, а также по учету реализации отдельных этапов работ; обоснована целесообразность расширения функциональных обязанностей работников, осуществляющих внутренний аудит, от обычного финансового контроля до комплексного анализа учетных операций в сочетании с договорной политикой строительной организации; адаптировано использование нормативного метода для учета затрат подрядных организаций с целью повышения эффективности мониторинга отклонений от сметы при формировании финансового результата отчетного периода. / Execution of construction and installation works is associated with a complex system of regulatory regulation of costs according to the estimated cost, which serves as a basic indicator of pricing and contractual policy of contractors. Development of methods to apply a unified approach to the diversity of conditions of work in contracts, as well as means of control over execution of contractual obligations is a significant factor in the improvement of financial and tax accounting. Results of the study: - a system of sub-accounts is proposed as part of existing synthetic accounts for accounting for construction and installation costs, as well as for accounting for the implementation of individual stages of work; - the expediency of expanding the functional responsibilities of employees engaged in internal audit from ordinary financial control to a comprehensive analysis of accounting operations in combination with the contractual policy of the construction organization is justified; - adapted the use of the standard method for accounting for the costs of contractors in order to improve the effectiveness of monitoring deviations from the estimate when forming the financial result of the reporting period.

This thesis deals with accounting and reporting of selected operations in Equity. The object of interest are three balance sheet items: Reserve fund, Advance for a profit share and Other profit and loss of previous years. The theoretical part is focused on general characteristic of Equity, its basic items and structure of related Financial statements. The indispensable component of this part is also more detailed specification of these three items. Attention is mainly focused to the payments and settlement of advances for a profit share, or accounting view corrections of mistakes from previous years and changes in accounting methods. The practical part is focused on an analysis of the annual reports of the capital companies in 2013-2015. The result is the evaluation of the frequency of occurrence, the use and justification of the analysed items in the annual reports of the companies.

The subject of this thesis is the accounting and tax solution of starting a limited liability company. The dissertation tries to find answers to concrete practical problems. At first, attention is paid to legal and administrative steps of company foundation, the whole process is divided into several primary phases. After that follows the detailed analysis of formation expenses and the first accounting period. A fiscal year is also mentioned. The largest part of this thesis is dedicated to accounting and tax aspects of capital contributions. Here are described some important issues arising from the current wording of the relevant legislation. The final section deals with the beginning of bookkeeping and as a part of this chapter the important issues of argumentativeness of accounting, choice of accounting policies, internal guidelines and a chart of accounts are solved. Some of these questions have not yet been discussed in professional literature at all, or very little, therefore their solution is the main contribution of this work.