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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Análise genética para maciez de carne e suas relações com as características produtivas em bovinos nelore mocho / Genetic analysis of meat tenderness and its relationships with productive traits in polled nellore cattle

Mamede, Mariana Márcia Santos 09 July 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2016-10-18T13:06:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Mariana Márcia Santos Mamede - 2015.pdf: 1724340 bytes, checksum: a5ca2ef74472295a32091a286312f2c5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-10-18T16:26:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Mariana Márcia Santos Mamede - 2015.pdf: 1724340 bytes, checksum: a5ca2ef74472295a32091a286312f2c5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-18T16:26:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Mariana Márcia Santos Mamede - 2015.pdf: 1724340 bytes, checksum: a5ca2ef74472295a32091a286312f2c5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Genetic parameters were estimated for growth traits involving the weights at 120 (P120), 210 (P210), 365 (P365), and 450 (P450) days of age, reproductive traits, such as scrotal circumference calculated at 365 (PE365) and 450 (PE450) days of age, age at first calving (IPP), accumulated productivity (PAC) in kg of weaned calves, and cow stayability (STAY - Stayability), carcass, considering ribeye area (REA), subcutaneous fat thickness (EG), and fat thickness on the back (EGP8), and the tenderness of the meat, as measured by Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) in polled Nellore cattle reared in the Cerrado biome. For all features, Bayesian analysis bi characteristics were performed by adopting linear animal model, whereas for the analyzes involving STAY, the linear threshold model was used. Mean posterior heritability estimates for P120 (0.20), P210 (0.21), P365 (0.44), P450 (0.40), PE365 (0.31), PE450 (0.37), IPP (0.16), PAC (0.25), STAY (0.16), AOL (0.30), EG (0.13), EGP8 (0.24), and WBSF (0.16) indicate response to the selection process. Estimates of maternal heritability for P120 (0.10) and P210 (0.09) suggest genetic effects of breeding in contributing to the performance of calves at weaning. Estimates of genetic and environmental correlation obtained for the growth characteristics were of high magnitude. By analyzing the growth characteristics with carcass, the genetic and residual correlations between AOL weights at 210 (0.46 and 0.37, respectively), 365 (0.59 and 0.39, respectively), and 450 (0.56 and 0.50, respectively) days old stood out. Genetic and residual correlations between PE365 and PE450 were high and positive (0.91 and 0.74, respectively), as well as the genetic correlations of the CAP with PE365, PE450, IPP, and STAY (0.61, 0.62, -0.69 and 0.83, respectively). Therefore, PE365, PE450, and CAP are important selection criteria, which result in genetic progress for IPP and STAY. The AOL genetic correlations with EG (0.25) and EGP8 (0.06) were of low magnitude, however moderate between EG and EGP8 (0.49). The residual correlation between carcass traits showed low non-additive genetic association and/or of the environment. The WBSF mean estimates of genetic and residual correlations with reproductive and carcass traits were favorable, although they exhibited high standard deviations. The genetic correlation of WSBF with the weights were higher at the pre-weaning phase (-0.70 ± 0.26 with P120 and -0.78 ± 0.23 with P210) and lower at the post-weaning phase (-0.44 ± 0.43 with P365 and -0.22 ± 0.34 with P450). Estimates of genetic correlation of WBSF with EG, EGP8, and AOL were negative and close to zero. Residual correlations of WBSF with all the growth and carcass traits were negligible. / Foram estimados os parâmetros genéticos para as características de crescimento envolvendo os pesos aos 120 (P120), 210 (P210), 365 (P365) e 450 (P450) dias de idade, reprodutivas de perímetro escrotal calculados aos 365 (PE365) e 450 (PE450) dias de idade, idade ao primeiro parto (IPP), produtividade acumulada (PAC) em kg de bezerros desmamados, e habilidade de permanência da vaca no rebanho (STAY - Stayability), de carcaça, considerando área de olho de lombo (AOL), espessura de gordura subcutânea (EG) e espessura de gordura subcutânea na garupa (EGP8) e a de maciez da carne, medida pela força de cisalhamento Warner-Bratzler (WBSF) em bovinos Nelore Mochos, criados no bioma Cerrado. Para todas as características foram realizadas análises bayesianas bi características adotando-se modelo linear animal, enquanto que para as análises envolvendo a STAY, o modelo adotado foi o linear-limiar. As médias das estimativas posteriores de herdabilidade para o P120 (0,20), P210 (0,21), P365 (0,44), P450 (0,40), PE365 (0,31), PE450 (0,37), IPP (0,16), PAC (0,25), STAY (0,16), AOL (0,30), EG (0,13), EGP8 (0,24) e WBSF (0,16) indicam resposta ao processo de seleção. As estimativas de herdabilidade maternal para P120 (0,10) e P210 (0,09) sugerem efeitos genéticos das reprodutoras na contribuição para o desempenho dos bezerros até a fase de desmame. As estimativas de correlação genética e ambiental obtidas para as características de crescimento foram de elevada magnitude. Ao analisar as características de crescimento com as de carcaça, destacam-se as correlações genéticas e residuais entre AOL com os pesos aos 210 (0,46 e 0,37, respectivamente), 365 (0,59 e 0,39, respectivamente) e 450 (0,56 e 0,50, respectivamente) dias de idade. As correlações genéticas e residuais entre PE365 e PE450 foram elevadas e favoráveis (0,91 e 0,74, respectivamente), assim como as correlações genéticas da PAC com PE365, PE450, IPP e STAY (0,61, 0,62, -0,69 e 0,83, respectivamente). Portanto, em função da o PE365, PE450 e a PAC são importantes critérios de seleção, os quais implicaram em progresso genético para IPP e STAY. As correlações genéticas de AOL com EG (0,25) e com EGP8 (0,06) foram de baixa magnitude, entretanto moderada entre EG e EGP8 (0,49). A correlação residual, entre as características de carcaça, indicou baixa associação genética não-aditiva e, ou, de ambiente. As médias das estimativas de correlações genéticas e residuais de WBSF com as características reprodutivas e de carcaça foram favoráveis, entretanto exibiram desvios padrão elevados. A correlação genética da WSBF com os pesos foi maior na fase pré-desmama, (-0,70±0,26 com P120 e -0,78±0,23 com P210) e menor na fase pós-demama (-0,44±0,43 com P365 e -0,22±0,34 com P450). As estimativas de correlação genética da WBSF com EG, EGP8 e AOL foram negativas e próximas à zero. As correlações residuais de WBSF com todas as características de crescimento e de carcaça foram inexpressivas.

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