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Glucocorticoids are commonly used to treat cows with clinical ketosis and fatty liver disease. This study investigated the effects of 10 mg/mL of FlucortRTM and PredefRTM 2X on the day of calving on blood metabolites, immune function and milk composition on 30 transitional Holstein cows. Sample of blood and milk were analyzed for energy metabolites (glucose, NEFA, BHB and insulin), mineral metabolites (Ca, P, Na, K, Cl and Mg), energy function parameters (antibody, lymphocyte), milk compositional parameters (protein, fat, lactose, SCC). There were no differences in glucose, Na, Cl, Mg, antibody, lymphocyte and milk fat, were observed among treatments. FlucortRTM treated cows had significantly lower NEFA on D1, higher BHB on D21 and D28, lower insulin on D14, higher Ca on D1 and lower P on D1. PredefRTM 2X treated cows had significantly higher BHB on D21, higher insulin on D7, lower Ca on D1, higher SCC on D1 and higher milk protein on D1. With respect to the significant data in this study, the use of glucocorticoids FlucortRTM and Predef RTM 2X in a single intramuscular injection on d1 for the treatment of ketosis is not warranted.