京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第20969号 / 医博第4315号 / 新制||医||1026(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 戸口田 淳也, 教授 濵﨑 洋子, 教授 三森 経世 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

Splenectomy has been reported to have a beneficial effect in treating Acute antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). This reason for this often rapid and profound beneficial effect is not readily apparent from what is known about normal splenic immunoarchitecture. While the spleen is rich in mature B cells, it has not been noted to be a repository for direct antibody-secreting cells. We present a case of a Native American female who received a renal transplant and developed a severe episode of ABMR. The patient was initially refractory to both plasmapheresis and IVIG. The patient underwent an emergent splenectomy with almost immediate improvement in her renal function and a rapid drop in her DR51 antibodies. Immunohistochemical stains of the spleen demonstrated abundant clusters of CD138+ plasma cells (>10% CD138 cells as opposed to 1% CD138 cells as seen in traumatic controls). Though this is a single case, these findings offer a rationale for the rapid ameliorative effect of splenectomy in cases of antibody rejection. It is possible that the spleen during times of excessive antigenic stress may rapidly turn over B cells to active antibody-secreting cells or serve as a reservoir for these cells produced at other sites. © 2010 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons.

Introdução: O transplante renal (TR) é o tratamento de escolha para uma significativa porção de pacientes com perda crônica terminal da função renal. Apesar dos progressos obtidos, a disfunção inicial do enxerto (DIE) permanece como uma importante complicação precoce muitas vezes levando à necessidade da biópsia renal. Essa, apesar de suas limitações, riscos e custos, é considerada padrão ouro para a avaliação das disfunções dos enxertos renais. Assim sendo é imprescindível estudar e buscar biomarcadores não invasivos capazes de diagnosticar as agressões aos transplantes renais, em especial na fase de DIE, quando os parâmetros funcionais não estão disponíveis. Objetivo: Analisar e quantificar a expressão do micro Ácido Ribonucleico (miRNA) mi RNA-146a-5p em amostras de sangue periférico e tecido renal de pacientes que desenvolveram disfunção do enxerto associados a lesões de isquemia e reperfusão após transplante renal. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Os pacientes submetidos a transplante renal que necessitarem de biópsia devido à presença de DIE foram convidados a participar da pesquisa e a assinarem o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. As amostras foram armazenadas no período de março de 2013 a abril de 2017. Posteriormente foi avaliada a expressão do micro RNA (miR-146 a-5p) em tecido renal e em sangue periférico. Resultados: Em amostras de biópsia renal, encontramos um aumento estatisticamente significativo na expressão de miR-146a-5p no grupo de disfunção inicial do enxerto (DIE, n=33) versus grupo de pacientes estáveis (STA, n=13), P= 0,019 no grupo de pacientes com rejeição aguda (RA, n=9) versus grupo de DIE não observamos diferença significativa, P=0,106, assim como o grupo de pacientes estáveis versus RA não observamos diferença significativa, P= 1,000. Diferença na análise global P = 0,008. No entanto, em amostras de sangue periférico encontramos aumento na expressão gênica de miR-146a-5p no grupo de DIE versus pacientes STA , porém, não foi estatisticamente significativo, P= 0,083. Não houve correlação entre a expressão miR-146a-5p nos diferentes grupos de biópsia e sangue periférico, P=0,541. Conclusão: A expressão do miR 146a-5p apresentou expressão gênica distinta na disfunção inicial do enxerto em amostras de biópsias, podendo vir a ser considerado potencial biomarcador de lesão de isquemia e reperfusão renal. / Introduction: Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for a significant portion of patients with chronic terminal loss of renal function. Despite the progress achieved, delayed graft function DGF remains an important early complication. Graft biopsy, despite its limitations, risks and costs, is considered a gold standard for the diagnosis of graft dysfunction. Therefore, it is imperative to study and search for noninvasive biomarkers capable of diagnosing injuries to kidney transplants, especially in the DGF period when functional parameters are not available. The objective of the present study was to analyze and quantify the expression of miRNA-146a -5p ribonucleic micro-acids (miRNAs) in peripheral blood and renal tissue samples obtained from patients who underwent renal transplantation and developed DGF which is associated with lesions of ischemia and reperfusion injuries, after renal transplantation. Methods: This is controlled cross-sectional study involving transplant recipients, between March 2013 and April 2017, that underwent DGF and received a graft biopsy. Patients had their tissue and peripheral blood samples stored and latter analyzed for the expression of the micro-RNA: miR-146a-5p in renal tissue and blood. (Continuatiation) Results: In graft tissue samples a statistically significant increase in miR-146a-5p expression in the initial graft dysfunction group (DIE, n=33) was observed in the comparison with the group of stable patients (STA, n=13) group, P=0,019. The difference wasn’t significant in the comparison with the acute rejection (AR, n=9) group versus group DIE, P=0,106, as well stable patients group versus AR we didn’t observe a significant difference, P=1,000 . Overall group significance P=0.008. However, in peripheral blood samples we found an increase in miR-146a-5p gene expression in the DIE group versus STA patients, however, it was not statistically significant, P = 0.083. There was no correlation between expression miR-146a-5p in the renal tissue and peripheral blood samples, P=0,541. Conclusion: We concluded that miR-146a-5p expression has a distinct pattern of expression in the setting of DGF and has the potential of becoming a biomarker for ischemia and reperfusion injury in kidney transplant recipients.

Introdução: o transplante renal é o tratamento de escolha para uma significativa porção dos pacientes com perda crônica terminal da função renal. A rejeição aguda é uma importante complicação pós-transplante e entre outras disfunções agudas tem na biópsia do enxerto o padrão ouro para o seu diagnóstico. No entanto as biópsias apresentam uma série de limitações e riscos sendo necessário que se desenvolva biomarcadores não invasivos capazes de identificar disfunções do enxerto. Objetivos: analisar e quantificar a expressão dos microRNAs miR-142-3p, miR-155 e miR-210 em amostras de sangue periférico, urina e tecido renal coletadas de pacientes que submetidos à transplante renal que desenvolveram disfunção do enxerto. Métodos: estudo com delineamento transversal e executado no Laboratório de Biologia Molecular aplicado à Nefrologia (LABMAN), do Centro de Pesquisa Experimental do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. As amostras são de pacientes submetidos a transplante renal que necessitaram de biópsia, por critério clínico. A expressão dos miRNAs miR-142-3p, miR-155 e miR-210 nos materiais biológicos (tecido renal, sangue periférico e células do sedimento urinário) foi avaliada através da técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase quantitativo em tempo real. Resultados: foi encontrada, no sangue periférico uma diminuição estatisticamente significativa na expressão do miR-142-3p no grupo de pacientes com rejeição aguda (n=23) quando comparado ao grupo com outras causas de disfunção do enxerto (n=68) (P = 0,01). Não houve diferença entre os grupos na expressão do miR-155 e do miR-210, tampouco para o miR142-3p nos demais compartimentos. Conclusão: miR-142-3p mostra uma expressão diferenciada de rejeição aguda de enxertos renais, há um envolvimento deste marcador no grupo de biomarcadores moleculares em potencial para a disfunção do enxerto renal. / Background: kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for a significant portion of patients with end-stage kidney disease. Acute rejection is a major post-transplant complication among other acute disorders and has on graft biopsy the gold standard for diagnosis. Biopsy, however it is an invasive and potentially harmful procedure so it is desirable to develop new noninvasive markers for diagnosing graft dysfunction. Objective: to analyze and quantify the expression of microRNAs miR-142-3p, miR-155 and miR-210 in the peripheral blood, urinary sediment and kidney tissue obtained from patients who developed graft dysfunction after kidney transplantation. Methods: crosssectional study performed at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology applied to Nephrology (Labman), Center of Experimental Research from Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. The samples are from kidney transplant patients who undertook indication biopsies as a part of investigation of graft dysfunction. Micro-RNAs expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: it was found that in peripheral blood, a significant decrease in the expression of miR-142-3p occurred in patients with acute rejection (n = 23) as compared to the group of patients with other causes of graft dysfunction (n = 68), (P = 0.01). No other significant differences were found in gene expression of miR-155 and miR-210, neither for miR142-3p in the other urine or kidney tissue. Conclusion: miR-142-3p presents differential expression in the peripheral blood of patients with rejecting kidney grafts. The role of miRNAs as biomarkers for kidney graft dysfunction is worth be further explored.

<p>Solid organ transplantation is today an established form of treatment for end-stage organ disease. Monitoring of graft function and pharmacological therapy constitutes a maze of clinical observations and histological evaluations of biopsy specimens; with the biopsy results playing a decisive role. The aims of this doctoral research were to investigate the feasibility of detecting acute rejection of transplanted organs and monitoring the effect of anti-rejection treatment, with the use of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (USPIO) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with a clinical MR scanner.</p><p>Allogeneic and syngeneic heterotopic heart transplantations were performed in rats. Three different-sized USPIO were given to one allogeneic and one syngeneic group. The change in MR signal intensity (SI) over time was measured. An increase in SI was interpreted as damage to micro vessels due to the pronounced inflammatory reaction caused by acute rejection, which led to leakage of USPIO into the tissue. A decrease in SI was interpreted as normal vascular structure, since USPIO normally remains in the intravascular space. The same method, using one of the previously tested USPIO, was used in a treatment study in which acute rejection in transplanted rats was induced and subsequently treated. An attempt was also made to detect presence of macrophages in an acutely rejecting graft, since this cell type plays an important role in the acute rejection process; this was done by testing the ability of macrophages to phagocytose the UPSIO compound.</p><p>In permeability studies with MR imaging all three USPIO tested discriminated between rejecting and non-rejecting grafts without any overlap of the groups. Factors that contributed to the ability to distinguish between grafts were the size and half-life of the particle. We were also able to monitor effects of anti-rejection treatment by studying the vascular permeability of USPIO and MR imaging. We did not succeed in detecting macrophages in the rejecting grafts with USPIO and MR imaging.</p><p>This thesis presents a novel approach to detection of acute rejection of transplanted organs and to monitoring the effects of anti-rejection treatment using different USPIO contrast agents and MR imaging in a clinical MR scanner.</p>

Solid organ transplantation is today an established form of treatment for end-stage organ disease. Monitoring of graft function and pharmacological therapy constitutes a maze of clinical observations and histological evaluations of biopsy specimens; with the biopsy results playing a decisive role. The aims of this doctoral research were to investigate the feasibility of detecting acute rejection of transplanted organs and monitoring the effect of anti-rejection treatment, with the use of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (USPIO) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with a clinical MR scanner. Allogeneic and syngeneic heterotopic heart transplantations were performed in rats. Three different-sized USPIO were given to one allogeneic and one syngeneic group. The change in MR signal intensity (SI) over time was measured. An increase in SI was interpreted as damage to micro vessels due to the pronounced inflammatory reaction caused by acute rejection, which led to leakage of USPIO into the tissue. A decrease in SI was interpreted as normal vascular structure, since USPIO normally remains in the intravascular space. The same method, using one of the previously tested USPIO, was used in a treatment study in which acute rejection in transplanted rats was induced and subsequently treated. An attempt was also made to detect presence of macrophages in an acutely rejecting graft, since this cell type plays an important role in the acute rejection process; this was done by testing the ability of macrophages to phagocytose the UPSIO compound. In permeability studies with MR imaging all three USPIO tested discriminated between rejecting and non-rejecting grafts without any overlap of the groups. Factors that contributed to the ability to distinguish between grafts were the size and half-life of the particle. We were also able to monitor effects of anti-rejection treatment by studying the vascular permeability of USPIO and MR imaging. We did not succeed in detecting macrophages in the rejecting grafts with USPIO and MR imaging. This thesis presents a novel approach to detection of acute rejection of transplanted organs and to monitoring the effects of anti-rejection treatment using different USPIO contrast agents and MR imaging in a clinical MR scanner.

Introdução: O transplante renal (TR) é o tratamento de escolha para uma significativa porção de pacientes com perda crônica terminal da função renal. Apesar dos progressos obtidos, a disfunção inicial do enxerto (DIE) permanece como uma importante complicação precoce muitas vezes levando à necessidade da biópsia renal. Essa, apesar de suas limitações, riscos e custos, é considerada padrão ouro para a avaliação das disfunções dos enxertos renais. Assim sendo é imprescindível estudar e buscar biomarcadores não invasivos capazes de diagnosticar as agressões aos transplantes renais, em especial na fase de DIE, quando os parâmetros funcionais não estão disponíveis. Objetivo: Analisar e quantificar a expressão do micro Ácido Ribonucleico (miRNA) mi RNA-146a-5p em amostras de sangue periférico e tecido renal de pacientes que desenvolveram disfunção do enxerto associados a lesões de isquemia e reperfusão após transplante renal. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Os pacientes submetidos a transplante renal que necessitarem de biópsia devido à presença de DIE foram convidados a participar da pesquisa e a assinarem o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. As amostras foram armazenadas no período de março de 2013 a abril de 2017. Posteriormente foi avaliada a expressão do micro RNA (miR-146 a-5p) em tecido renal e em sangue periférico. Resultados: Em amostras de biópsia renal, encontramos um aumento estatisticamente significativo na expressão de miR-146a-5p no grupo de disfunção inicial do enxerto (DIE, n=33) versus grupo de pacientes estáveis (STA, n=13), P= 0,019 no grupo de pacientes com rejeição aguda (RA, n=9) versus grupo de DIE não observamos diferença significativa, P=0,106, assim como o grupo de pacientes estáveis versus RA não observamos diferença significativa, P= 1,000. Diferença na análise global P = 0,008. No entanto, em amostras de sangue periférico encontramos aumento na expressão gênica de miR-146a-5p no grupo de DIE versus pacientes STA , porém, não foi estatisticamente significativo, P= 0,083. Não houve correlação entre a expressão miR-146a-5p nos diferentes grupos de biópsia e sangue periférico, P=0,541. Conclusão: A expressão do miR 146a-5p apresentou expressão gênica distinta na disfunção inicial do enxerto em amostras de biópsias, podendo vir a ser considerado potencial biomarcador de lesão de isquemia e reperfusão renal. / Introduction: Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for a significant portion of patients with chronic terminal loss of renal function. Despite the progress achieved, delayed graft function DGF remains an important early complication. Graft biopsy, despite its limitations, risks and costs, is considered a gold standard for the diagnosis of graft dysfunction. Therefore, it is imperative to study and search for noninvasive biomarkers capable of diagnosing injuries to kidney transplants, especially in the DGF period when functional parameters are not available. The objective of the present study was to analyze and quantify the expression of miRNA-146a -5p ribonucleic micro-acids (miRNAs) in peripheral blood and renal tissue samples obtained from patients who underwent renal transplantation and developed DGF which is associated with lesions of ischemia and reperfusion injuries, after renal transplantation. Methods: This is controlled cross-sectional study involving transplant recipients, between March 2013 and April 2017, that underwent DGF and received a graft biopsy. Patients had their tissue and peripheral blood samples stored and latter analyzed for the expression of the micro-RNA: miR-146a-5p in renal tissue and blood. (Continuatiation) Results: In graft tissue samples a statistically significant increase in miR-146a-5p expression in the initial graft dysfunction group (DIE, n=33) was observed in the comparison with the group of stable patients (STA, n=13) group, P=0,019. The difference wasn’t significant in the comparison with the acute rejection (AR, n=9) group versus group DIE, P=0,106, as well stable patients group versus AR we didn’t observe a significant difference, P=1,000 . Overall group significance P=0.008. However, in peripheral blood samples we found an increase in miR-146a-5p gene expression in the DIE group versus STA patients, however, it was not statistically significant, P = 0.083. There was no correlation between expression miR-146a-5p in the renal tissue and peripheral blood samples, P=0,541. Conclusion: We concluded that miR-146a-5p expression has a distinct pattern of expression in the setting of DGF and has the potential of becoming a biomarker for ischemia and reperfusion injury in kidney transplant recipients.

Whilst the major caveat to the success of organ transplantation remains the severe lack of donor organs, rejection is still a primary confounding factor to transplant outcomes. This is an allospecific response that occurs when the recipient immune system recognises conserved proteins on donor-derived cells as 'non-self'. Currently, all immunosuppressive regimes target the recipient immune response, ignoring the large donor immune repertoire despite these cells playing a central role in acute rejection. This is likely as a result of a lack of understanding of the temporal migration of the donor compartment and its contribution to the inflammatory cascade that ensues. The development of ex vivo perfusion provides the opportunity to assess this in isolation, with no confounding factors. Furthermore, inducing the mobilisation of passenger leukocytes on an ex vivo circuit allows their removal prior to transplantation. Reducing the inflammatory burden of donor organs has the potential to impact on the clinical outcome of patients, manifesting as a reduction in the incidence or severity of acute rejection. The aim of this PhD thesis was to characterise the donor immune compartment of lungs and kidneys, to assess the impact of ex vivo perfusion on this, and determine the post-transplant impact of removing a proportion of these cells. For this purpose, donor lungs were perfused using ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) and the immune compartment characterised. A comparison of EVLP versus standard transplanted lungs was performed using a porcine transplant model. Clinical parameters were recorded and a histological assessment of cellular infiltration was performed to diagnose the incidence of acute rejection. To determine if these results were translatable to other organs, a porcine model of kidney ex vivo perfusion was established. In both models, a significant efflux of donor leukocytes was observed and inflammatory mediators detected. In a transplant model of EVLP, reducing the transfer of these passenger leukocytes translated into improved clinical outcomes, manifesting as a lower incidence of acute rejection, for animals receiving EVLP lungs compared to a standard transplant. Similar benefit is likely to occur following transplantation of perfused kidneys. This study describes for the first time the contribution of donor organs to the inflammatory processes that ensue following transplantation. It is clear that this untargeted population is of significant importance in clinical outcomes. Immunomodulatory strategies to alter the donor immune environment prior to transplantation therefore warrant development.

Introdução: A sobrevivência em curto prazo dos transplantes renais tem melhorado notavelmente nas últimas duas décadas. No entanto, a sobrevivência em longo prazo de enxertos e pacientes ainda são muito inferiores ao desejado e a maioria dos enxertos são perdidos por falecimento dos receptores e deterioração crônica da função do enxerto. Acredita-se que a maior parte das lesões que resultam em encurtamento da sobrevida do enxerto se iniciam logo após o transplante e muitas vezes são subclínicas. O desenvolvimento de biomarcadores não invasivos para identificar com precisão as lesões sub-clínicas, sem a necessidade de biópsias de protocolo, seria um grande passo para a prática clínica de transplantes de órgãos, uma vez que permitiria o reconhecimento precoce de eventos de agressões ao enxerto e poderia levar a adequadas ações terapêuticas potencialmente propiciando sobrevida mais prolongada dos aloenxertos. Objetivos: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o potencial diagnóstico de agressões sub-clínicas da análise molecular não-invasiva da expressão gênica de leucócitos do sangue periférico em receptores de transplante renal com função estável em curto prazo. Métodos: Cento e trinta e seis pacientes renais com função estável do enxerto foram arrolados no estudo e realizaram biópsia protocolar no 3º mês póstransplante. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue periférico concomitantemente para realizarmos a quantificação da expressão gênica de perforina, TIM3, FOXP3, TGF-B, CTGF e CD138 através da metodologia de PCR em tempo real. Resultados: Trinta e nove pacientes foram diagnosticados com rejeição aguda (28,7%), sendo 33 destes com alterações borderline, 5 com rejeição aguda Banff IA e um paciente com rejeição Banff IB, vinte pacientes apresentaram fibrose intersticial e atrofia tubular (14,7%), sete apresentaram necrose tubular aguda (5,1%), três infecções pelo vírus do polioma (2,2%) e um caso de nefrotoxicidade aguda por inibidores da calcineurina (0,8%). A mensuração da expressão gênica foi realizada através de qPCR e os pacientes com disfunção do enxerto apresentaram expressões diminuídas de perforina, TIM3, FOXP3 e TGF-β em relação aos pacientes com rejeição aguda e histologia normal do enxerto. Outras análises demonstraram que a perforina, TIM3 e FOXP3 também são capazes de excluir o diagnóstico de rejeição aguda, com valores preditivos negativos (VPN) de 83%, 83% e 79,6%, respectivamente. Em uma análise combinada dos 3 genes associados o VPN para rejeição aguda foi de 86.4%. A avaliação do RNA mensageiro dos genes TGF-B e CTGF mostrou que eles estão hiperexpressos nos enxertos com fibrose intersticial e atrofia tubular. Conclusões: Existe uma elevada incidência de agressões sub-clínicas dos enxertos renais que podem ser detectadas por biópsias protocolares. A mensuração do RNA mensageiro, em amostras do sangue periférico, mostrou ser uma ferramenta de potencial utilidade em identificar essas agressões de forma não-invasiva. / Background: Short term survival of kidney transplants has improved remarkably over the last two decades. However, long term survival of grafts and patients are still much lower than desired and most of the grafts are lost by recipients’ death and chronic graft function deterioration. It is believed that most of the injuries that result in graft shortening survival are initiated early after transplantation and many times are subclinical. The development of noninvasive biomarkers to accurately identify sub-clinical injuries, without the need of protocol biopsies, would be a major step forward in the practice of clinical organ transplantation since it would allow the early recognition of graft insulting events and lead to proper therapeutic actions potentially leading to more prolonged allograft survivals Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnosis potential of the non-invasive molecular analyzes of peripheral blood leukocytes gene expression in stable kidney recipients in the short-term. Methods: One hundred and thirty-six patients were enrolled in this study and underwent protocol biopsies at 3 months after grafting. Peripheral blood samples were collected concomitantly for the gene expression quantitation of perforin, TIM3, FOXP3, TGF-B, CTGF and CD138 through qPCR methodology. Results: Thirty-nine patients were diagnosed as acute rejection (28.7%), being 33 with borderline histological changes, 5 Banff IA acute rejection and 1 patient with Banff IB acute rejection, twenty patients had interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (14.7%), seven had acute tubular necrosis (5.1%), three had poliomavirus infection (2.2%) and one patient had calcineurin inhibitor toxicity (0.8%). Gene expression was measured through qPCR and patients with graft dysfunction presented lower expressions of perforin, TIM3, FOXP3 and TGF-β than patients with acute rejection and normal graft histology. Other analyzes showed that perforin, TIM3 and FOXP3 are also able to rule out acute rejection, with negative predictive values (NPV) of 83%, 83% and 79.6% respectively. In a combined analysis of the 3 genes associated the NPV was 86.4%. CTGF and TGF-B mRNA were overexpressed in grafts with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Conclusions: An elevated incidence of sub-clinical injuries can be detected by protocol biopsies of stable grafts. The evaluation of mRNA in the peripheral blood has shown to be a potentially useful tool to uncover these injuries noninvasively.

Introdução: O transplante renal (TR) é o tratamento de escolha para uma significativa porção de pacientes com perda crônica terminal da função renal. Apesar dos progressos obtidos, a disfunção inicial do enxerto (DIE) permanece como uma importante complicação precoce muitas vezes levando à necessidade da biópsia renal. Essa, apesar de suas limitações, riscos e custos, é considerada padrão ouro para a avaliação das disfunções dos enxertos renais. Assim sendo é imprescindível estudar e buscar biomarcadores não invasivos capazes de diagnosticar as agressões aos transplantes renais, em especial na fase de DIE, quando os parâmetros funcionais não estão disponíveis. Objetivo: Analisar e quantificar a expressão do micro Ácido Ribonucleico (miRNA) mi RNA-146a-5p em amostras de sangue periférico e tecido renal de pacientes que desenvolveram disfunção do enxerto associados a lesões de isquemia e reperfusão após transplante renal. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Os pacientes submetidos a transplante renal que necessitarem de biópsia devido à presença de DIE foram convidados a participar da pesquisa e a assinarem o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. As amostras foram armazenadas no período de março de 2013 a abril de 2017. Posteriormente foi avaliada a expressão do micro RNA (miR-146 a-5p) em tecido renal e em sangue periférico. Resultados: Em amostras de biópsia renal, encontramos um aumento estatisticamente significativo na expressão de miR-146a-5p no grupo de disfunção inicial do enxerto (DIE, n=33) versus grupo de pacientes estáveis (STA, n=13), P= 0,019 no grupo de pacientes com rejeição aguda (RA, n=9) versus grupo de DIE não observamos diferença significativa, P=0,106, assim como o grupo de pacientes estáveis versus RA não observamos diferença significativa, P= 1,000. Diferença na análise global P = 0,008. No entanto, em amostras de sangue periférico encontramos aumento na expressão gênica de miR-146a-5p no grupo de DIE versus pacientes STA , porém, não foi estatisticamente significativo, P= 0,083. Não houve correlação entre a expressão miR-146a-5p nos diferentes grupos de biópsia e sangue periférico, P=0,541. Conclusão: A expressão do miR 146a-5p apresentou expressão gênica distinta na disfunção inicial do enxerto em amostras de biópsias, podendo vir a ser considerado potencial biomarcador de lesão de isquemia e reperfusão renal. / Introduction: Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for a significant portion of patients with chronic terminal loss of renal function. Despite the progress achieved, delayed graft function DGF remains an important early complication. Graft biopsy, despite its limitations, risks and costs, is considered a gold standard for the diagnosis of graft dysfunction. Therefore, it is imperative to study and search for noninvasive biomarkers capable of diagnosing injuries to kidney transplants, especially in the DGF period when functional parameters are not available. The objective of the present study was to analyze and quantify the expression of miRNA-146a -5p ribonucleic micro-acids (miRNAs) in peripheral blood and renal tissue samples obtained from patients who underwent renal transplantation and developed DGF which is associated with lesions of ischemia and reperfusion injuries, after renal transplantation. Methods: This is controlled cross-sectional study involving transplant recipients, between March 2013 and April 2017, that underwent DGF and received a graft biopsy. Patients had their tissue and peripheral blood samples stored and latter analyzed for the expression of the micro-RNA: miR-146a-5p in renal tissue and blood. (Continuatiation) Results: In graft tissue samples a statistically significant increase in miR-146a-5p expression in the initial graft dysfunction group (DIE, n=33) was observed in the comparison with the group of stable patients (STA, n=13) group, P=0,019. The difference wasn’t significant in the comparison with the acute rejection (AR, n=9) group versus group DIE, P=0,106, as well stable patients group versus AR we didn’t observe a significant difference, P=1,000 . Overall group significance P=0.008. However, in peripheral blood samples we found an increase in miR-146a-5p gene expression in the DIE group versus STA patients, however, it was not statistically significant, P = 0.083. There was no correlation between expression miR-146a-5p in the renal tissue and peripheral blood samples, P=0,541. Conclusion: We concluded that miR-146a-5p expression has a distinct pattern of expression in the setting of DGF and has the potential of becoming a biomarker for ischemia and reperfusion injury in kidney transplant recipients.