Abstract The thinking of subverting the Internet world is ubiquitous. In Taiwan, a wave of ¡§Happy Farm¡¨ made FACEBOOK popularity soar. Community management of this site includes dynamic sharing, online chat, Club management, Fan zone, and many other online games. It also lets the application designers enrich the site content in an open way. ¡§The Facebook¡¨ operated from February 2004 to the present. Now review the Facebook site, and it¡¦s not difficult to find the design term constantly updates connotation philosophy to match up the various types of users. The study of the social networking sites shows that the ages are on the downward trend. For now, from the 13-year-old junior high school students to the general public are included. In Taiwan, ther e are 12,107,600 population using the Facebook.(101.7.5 Ministry of the Interior statistics). Taiwan¡¦s population accounts for about 23,261,747. It means half of Taiwan¡¦s population using the Facebook. The proportion is quite popular, which is an important reference for the study of nation also of information technology in Taiwan. The research focused on the junior high school students¡¦habits of using the Facebook. We also cited the junior high school teachers¡¦ observation and interviewed development applications industry to construct the overall architecture which can be used to observ how the habits influence the students¡¦ lives and know the changes brought about by the community website. The conclusion is to give parents , teachers, and the community one note about the junior highschool students¡¦ use of the community network. The results of the following four conclusions. 1. FACEBOOK is the website of the ¡§Interpersonal Community¡¨. 2. FACEBOOK advantage is high interaction, free, and diverse functions. 3.Woman users¡¦rate of response on website message is high than men¡¦s. 4. Higher grade students who use FACEBOOK have better interpersonal relations.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, 2002. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 283-291).

This dissertation models the dynamics of alcohol use in the Russian Federation with an emphasis on identifying policy implications most likely to be effective at controlling alcohol use. Utilizing data from The Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, models of alcohol consumption are estimated using both myopic and rational specifications via ordinary least squares, fixed effects two stage least squares and, the focus of this study, two-step system generalized method of moments. Alcohol consumption is studied both as a composite good and as a distinct beverage category (wine, beer, and hard liquor). Furthermore, equations stratified by gender and rural status are included to better identify effects specific to relevant subgroups of the sample. Strong evidence of myopic addiction in both the overall sample and the stratified subgroups are identified. Even so, alcohol does seem to follow the law of demand within the myopic specification indicating that consumers will still react to changes in price. No evidence for rational addiction is found in either the complete sample or its subgroups. Results from the sample subgroups (male/female, urban/rural) were consistent with the overall pattern observed in the full sample, but differed in magnitude. This would suggest that, although alcohol consumption in individuals is affected by similar factors, regardless of gender or geography, the extent to which these individuals are affected differs. This reality would lend credence to "targeted" public health interventions for specific subgroups of individuals, rather than a one size fits all approach.

"My Sister Sarah" is a 25-minute long documentary film about my sister, Sarah Chatelain, a recovering methamphetamine addict from Fargo, North Dakota. Utilizing a combination of family home videos, Super 8 film and verité footage of Sarah's contemporary life, "My Sister Sarah" relates Sarah's journey with drug addiction from childhood through recovery. This report contains the process of creating the film: its inception, production and completion. / text

Background Internet addiction, along with the development of internet and internet accessing tools, is affecting more and more people. It can give impact on various aspects of people’s life, including physical and mental health, family relationship, peer relationship, academic performance and job performance. Internet addiction has been raised up to public health issue in some countries, such as China and Korea. Teenagers, as the high risk group of internet addiction, a lot of studies have been done on the prevalence and characteristic among this group of population. However, internet addiction studies in Macau are rather limited, and are not up-to-date. Objective The objectives of this study are: 1) To evaluate the trend of internet addiction disorder among Macau teenagers. 2) Characterizing the internet addiction by internet usage pattern. 3) To investigate the risk factors and impact of Internet Addiction. 4) Provider information of Young’s internet diagnostic questionnaire (YDQ) and Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) in measuring internet addiction disorder. 5) To estimate the prediction rate of self-evaluation of internet addiction. Method Cross-sectional study was used in the study. Cluster sampling was applied in the participated schools. One class was selected from each grade, and all students in that class would be included in the study. Invitation letter was sent to all the regular education secondary schools in Macau. All the data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Result Totally, 511 valid data from 6 schools was included in the analysis. By using YDQ and CIAS to measure internet addiction, 10.6% and 24.7% of the respondent were classified as internet addicts respectively. Some significant association was found between internet addiction and internet usage pattern, as well as the relationship between demographic information and internet usage. Grade, go online in cybercaf?, online hours (both weekday and weekend) and playing online game were found to be risk factors of internet addiction. Self-evaluation of IAD together with the awareness of internet addiction, was found to be significant predictor of internet addiction. Conclusion Internet addiction is suggested to have increasing trend in Macau among teenagers. Relationships between demographic information, internet usage pattern, internet addiction, together with the risk factor of IAD were discussed. Teachers, social workers and parents should pay attention to teenagers’ internet usage pattern, especially for the risk factor. Help the teenager to recognize the problem of internet addiction. Education and promotion of internet addiction disorder should be provided to teenagers to prevent problematic internet usage. / published_or_final_version / Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health

User involvement is generally regarded as something positive within social work, and is something social authorities in Sweden (as in many other countries) propagates for. This study aims to highlight social workers perceptions and experiences of user involvement within the specific context addiction treatment. A context where users individual status has proved needed to be strengthened. Five social workers, all working within Swedens national government-funded social service agency, are given a voice on the subject. By using semi-structured interviews, the results show how broad and ambiguous the concept of user involve-ment is, when the respondents is asked to define it. This found is supported by earlier studies results, in which researchers also declare the concept unclear. This studys result includes se-veral examples of what the social workers comprehend the involvement consists of in their daily work. The conditions for user involvement to take place in this study’s specifik practice, shows to be closely associated with factors such as the bureaucratic regime, organizational framework agreements and with assessments of the client in question knows its own good (on the basis that drugs affect the human cognitive system in different ways).

Addiction is thought to arise, in part, from a maladaptive learning process in which enduring memories of drug-related experiences are formed, resulting in persistent and uncontrollable drug-seeking behavior. However, it is well known that both acute and chronic alcohol (ethanol) exposures impair various types of learning and memory in both humans and animals. Consistent with these observations, both acute and chronic exposures to ethanol suppress synaptic plasticity, the major neural substrate for learning and memory, in multiple brain areas. Therefore, it remains unclear how powerful memories associated with alcohol experience are formed during the development of alcoholism. The mesolimbic dopaminergic system is critically involved in the learning of information related to rewards, including drugs of abuse. Both natural and drug rewards, such as ethanol, cause release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens and other limbic structures, which is thought to drive learning by enhancing synaptic plasticity. Accumulating evidence indicates that plasticity of glutamatergic transmission onto dopamine neurons may play an important role in the development of addiction. Plasticity of NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-mediated transmission may be of particular interest, as NMDAR activation is necessary for dopamine neuron burst firing and phasic dopamine release in projection areas that occurs in response to rewards or reward-predicting stimuli. NMDAR plasticity may, therefore, drive the learning of stimuli associated with rewards, including drugs of abuse. This dissertation finds that repeated in vivo ethanol exposure induces a metaplasticity of NMDAR-mediated transmission in mesolimbic dopamine neurons, expressed as an increased susceptibility to the induction of NMDAR LTP. Enhancement of NMDAR plasticity results from an increase in the potency of inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate (IP3) in producing the facilitation of action potential-evoked Ca2+ signals critical for LTP induction. Interestingly, amphetamine exposure produces a similar enhancement of IP3R function, suggesting this neuroadaptation may be a common response to exposure to multiple drugs of abuse. Additionally, ethanol-treated mice display enhanced learning of cues associated with cocaine exposure. These findings suggest that metaplasticity of NMDAR LTP may contribute to the formation of powerful memories related to drug experiences and provide an important insight into the learning component of addiction. / text

published_or_final_version / Public Administration / Master / Master of Social Sciences

Moterų narkomanija gana nauja ir mažai tyrinėta tema socialinių mokslų srityje. Pastaruoju metu vis didesnis dėmesys skiriamas narkotinės priklausomybės vystymuisi lyties aspektu, daug diskutuojama apie priklausomybę nuo narkotikų sergančių moterų poreikių specifiškumą, reikiamos pagalbos užtikrinimą. / Women’s drug addiction is quite a new and little investigated theme in the field of social sciences. Recently, more and more attention has been given to the development of drug addiction in respect to gender, and such themes as drug addiction, drug-addicted women’s specificity of needs and provision of help have been discussed a lot.

The processes that are involved in sexual addiction and recovery were explored in this research. A phenomenological-hermeneutic method was employed in interviewing five male recovering sexual addicts. Themes of sexual addiction and recovery were then extrapolated from the words the participants used to express their life experience. Eleven themes characterizing the addiction process emerged from the transcriptions of the participant's in-depth interviews, as well as six themes relating to recovery. It is hoped that a deeper understanding of the sexual addict's internal and external motivations for the use of sex, will be achieved by depicting several addict' experiences in an unfolding story. It is up to readers of this research to draw their own conclusions and to take what is relevant to them from the words of the sexual addicts and the researcher's interpretation of those words. There is one absolute interpretation of the participants' life experiences. This research only suggests possibilities to illuminate interpretations of the lived experiences of the five participants involved. / vii, 128 leaves ; 29 cm.